REV 1:4 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) This letter is from Yohan to the seven assemblies in Asia Minor:
¶ Grace and peace to you all from the God who is and was and will be, and from the seven spirits who are in front of this throne,

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT John, to the seven churches in Asia: Grace to you and peace from the one being and the one having been and the one coming and from the seven spirits who are before his throne,

UST I, John, am writing this letter to you seven groups of believers in the province of Asia. May God continue to be kind to you and make you peaceful. God exists, he has always existed, and he will come and judge everyone in the future. May the seven spirits who are in front of the throne of God also continue to be kind to you and make you peaceful.

BSB § John,
§ To the seven churches in the province of Asia:[fn]
§ Grace and peace to you from Him who is and was and is to come, and from the seven Spirits [fn] before His throne,

1:4 Literally in Asia; Asia was a Roman province in what is now western Turkey.

1:4 Or the sevenfold Spirit

BLB John, To the seven churches in Asia: Grace to you and peace from Him being and who was and who is coming, and from the seven Spirits before His throne,

AICNT John, to the seven churches in Asia: Grace to you and peace from {the one}[fn] who is and who was and who is to come, and from the seven spirits that are before his throne,

1:4, the one: Later manuscripts read “God.” BYZ ‖ Absent from 𝔓18 ℵ(01) A(02) C(04) TR NA28 SBLGNT THGNT.

OEB From John, to the seven churches which are in Roman Asia. Blessing and peace be yours from him who is, and who was, and who will be, and from the seven spirits that are before his throne,

WEBBE John, to the seven assemblies that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace from God, who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne;

WMBB Yochanan, to the seven assemblies that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace from God, who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne;

NET From John, to the seven churches that are in the province of Asia: Grace and peace to you from “he who is,” and who was, and who is still to come, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne,

LSV John, to the seven assemblies that [are] in Asia: Grace to you, and peace, from Him who is, and who was, and who is coming, and from the Seven Spirits that are before His throne,

FBV This letter comes from John and is sent to the seven churches in the province of Asia.[fn] May you have grace and peace from the one who was, who is, and who is to come, and from the seven Spirits before his throne,

1:4 In Asia Minor, modern-day Turkey.

TCNT John to the seven churches in Asia: Grace to you and peace from [fn]God, who is and who was and who is to come, and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne,

1:4 God, 𝔐^K 51.5% ¦ him 𝔐^A,C BYZ CT PCK {37.4%} TR {8.4%}

T4T I, John, am writing this to you believers in the seven congregations that are located in Asia province. I pray that God the Father, God’s Spirit, and Jesus Christ be kind to (OR, bless) you and cause you to have inner peace. God the Father is the one who exists, who has always existed, and who will always exist. The Spirit of God, who is in front of God’s throne, has all kinds of power (OR, The Spirit of God is symbolized by seven spirits who are in front of God’s throne).

LEB John, to the seven churches in Asia:[fn] grace to you and peace from the one who is and the one who was and the one who is coming, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne,

1:4 A reference to the Roman province of Asia (modern Asia Minor)

BBE John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace to you and peace, from him who is and was and is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his high seat;

Moff No Moff REV book available

Wymth John sends greetings to the seven Churches in the province of Asia. May grace be granted to you, and peace, from Him who is and was and evermore will be; and from the seven Spirits which are before His throne;

ASV ¶ John to the seven churches that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace, from him who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits that are before his throne;

DRA John to the seven churches which are in Asia. Grace be unto you and peace from him that is, and that was, and that is to come, and from the seven spirits which are before his throne,

YLT John to the seven assemblies that [are] in Asia: Grace to you, and peace, from Him who is, and who was, and who is coming, and from the Seven Spirits that are before His throne,

Drby John to the seven assemblies which [are] in Asia: Grace to you and peace from [him] who is, and who was, and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits which [are] before his throne;

RV John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace to you and peace, from him which is and which was and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne;

Wbstr John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace be to you, and peace, from him who is, and who was, and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne;

KJB-1769 John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne;

KJB-1611 Iohn to the seuen Churches in Asia, Grace be vnto you, & peace, from him [fn]which is, and which was, and which is to come, and from the seuen spirits which are before his throne:
(Yohn to the seven Churches in Asia, Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come, and from the seven spirits which are before his throne:)

1:4 Exo.3.14.

Bshps Iohn to the seuen Churches in Asia: Grace be vnto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come: and from the seuen spirites which are before his throne,
(Yohn to the seven Churches in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come: and from the seven spirits which are before his throne,)

Gnva Iohn, to the seuen Churches which are in Asia, Grace be with you, and peace from him, Which is, and Which was, and Which is to come, and from the seuen Spirits which are before his Throne,
(Yohn, to the seven Churches which are in Asia, Grace be with you, and peace from him, Which is, and Which was, and Which is to come, and from the seven Spirits which are before his Throne, )

Cvdl Ihon to the seuen cogregacions in Asia. Grace be with you & peace, fro him which is and which was, and which is to come, & fro the seuen spretes which are present before his trone,
(Yohn to the seven cogregacions in Asia. Grace be with you and peace, from him which is and which was, and which is to come, and from the seven spirits which are present before his throne,)

TNT Ihon to the .vii. congregacions in Asia. Grace be with you and peace from him which is and which was and which is to come and from the .vii. spretes which are present before his trone
(Yohn to the 7 congregations in Asia. Grace be with you and peace from him which is and which was and which is to come and from the 7 spirits which are present before his throne )

Wycl Joon to seuene chirchis, that ben in Asie, grace and pees to you, of him that is, and that was, and that is to comynge; and of the seuene spiritis, that ben in the siyt of his trone; and of Jhesu Crist,
(Yohn to seven churches, that been in Asie, grace and peace to you, of him that is, and that was, and that is to coming; and of the seven spirits, that been in the sight of his trone; and of Yhesu Christ,)

Luth Johannes den sieben Gemeinden in Asien: Gnade sei mit euch und Friede von dem, der da ist, und der da war, und der da kommt, und von den sieben Geistern, die da sind vor seinem Stuhl,
(Yohannes the seven communities in Asien: Gnade be with you and Friede from to_him, the/of_the there is, and the/of_the there was, and the/of_the there kommt, and from the seven spiritern, the there are before/in_front_of his Stuhl,)

ClVg Joannes septem ecclesiis, quæ sunt in Asia. Gratia vobis, et pax ab eo, qui est, et qui erat, et qui venturus est: et a septem spiritibus qui in conspectu throni ejus sunt:[fn]
(Yoannes seven assemblies/churches, which are in Asia. Gratia vobis, and pax away eo, who it_is, and who was, and who venturus it_is: and from seven spiritibus who in in_sight throni his are: )

1.4 Septem ecclesiis. Principaliter illis scribit ecclesiis Asiæ, quibus magister erat constitutus, et per simile aliis. Deus dedit Christo, Christus Joanni, Joannes autem ecclesiis, vel per septem, universæ Ecclesiæ. Quia septem universitatem significant, vel quia septiformi spiritu illustrantur. In Asia. Asia est elatio, Ecclesia ergo nunc est in elatione virtutum, vel olim vitiorum. Asia ista non est magna illa tertia pars mundi, sed quædam provincia ubi erant septem civitates, et septem ecclesiæ cum septem episcopis. Gratia vobis. Præparat auditores in salutatione, et reddit eos benevolos et attentos, sicut et in prologo. Qui est et qui erat. Æternaliter. Quamvis autem sit natus ex tempore, jam immutabilis est per humanitatem qui olim fuerat corruptibilis. Talis venturus est, etiamsi mundo non apparet talis. Et a septem spiritibus, qui in conspectu. Spiritus. Idem sonat quod charitas. Unde attribuitur Spiritui remissio peccatorum, et alia dona quæ sunt dona totius Trinitatis, ut intelligamus Trinitatem ex sola dilectione operari. Personam Patris tacet, quia de Deo Creatore nemo mala intellexerat, ponit personam Filii et Spiritus sancti de quibus omnes nascuntur in ecclesiis hæreses. Throni. Throni Dei sunt angeli ejus et sancti homines in quibus nunc sedet Deus et judicat, ne in futuro judicet.

1.4 Septem assemblies/churches. Principaliter illis scribit assemblies/churches Asiæ, to_whom magister was constitutus, and through simile aliis. God he_gave Christo, Christus Yoanni, Yoannes however assemblies/churches, or through septem, universæ Ecclesiæ. Because septem universitatem significant, or because septiformi spiritu illustrantur. In Asia. Asia it_is elatio, Ecclesia therefore now it_is in elatione virtutum, or olim vitiorum. Asia ista not/no it_is magna that tertia pars mundi, but quædam provincia where they_were seven civitates, and seven ecclesiæ when/with seven episcopis. Gratia vobis. Præparat auditores in salutatione, and reddit them benevolos and attentos, like and in prologo. Who it_is and who was. Æternaliter. Quamvis however let_it_be natus from tempore, yam immutabilis it_is through humanitatem who olim fuerat corruptibilis. Talis venturus it_is, etiamsi mundo not/no apparet talis. And from seven spiritibus, who in in_sight. Spiritus. Idem sonat that charitas. Unde attribuitur Spiritui remissio sinners, and other dona which are dona totius Trinitatis, as intelligamus Trinitatem from sola dilectione operari. Personam Patris tacet, because about Deo Creatore nemo mala intellexerat, puts personam Children and Spiritus sancti about to_whom everyone nascuntur in assemblies/churches hæreses. Throni. Throni of_God are angeli his and sancti homines in to_whom now sedet God and yulet_him_say, not in futuro yudicet.

UGNT Ἰωάννης ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ: χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ ὁ ὢν, καὶ ὁ ἦν, καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ πνευμάτων, ἃ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ;
(Yōannaʸs tais hepta ekklaʸsiais tais en taʸ Asia: ⱪaris humin kai eiraʸnaʸ, apo ho ōn, kai ho aʸn, kai ho erⱪomenos, kai apo tōn hepta pneumatōn, ha enōpion tou thronou autou;)

SBL-GNT Ἰωάννης ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ· χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ⸀ἀπὸ ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ πνευμάτων ἃ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ,
(Yōannaʸs tais hepta ekklaʸsiais tais en taʸ Asia; ⱪaris humin kai eiraʸnaʸ ⸀apo ho ōn kai ho aʸn kai ho erⱪomenos, kai apo tōn hepta pneumatōn ha enōpion tou thronou autou,)

TC-GNT [fn]Ἰωάννης ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ· χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ [fn]Θεοῦ ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος· καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ πνευμάτων [fn]ἃ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ·
(Yōannaʸs tais hepta ekklaʸsiais tais en taʸ Asia; ⱪaris humin kai eiraʸnaʸ apo Theou ho ōn kai ho aʸn kai ho erⱪomenos; kai apo tōn hepta pneumatōn ha enōpion tou thronou autou; )

1:4 ιωαννης 𝔐^A,C,K [99.1%] ¦ ιωανης WH [0.4%]

1:4 θεου 𝔐^K 51.5% ¦ του TR 8.4% ¦ — 𝔐^A,C BYZ CT PCK 37.4%

1:4 α 𝔐^K [48.5%] ¦ α εστιν 𝔐^A,C BYZ PCK TR [43.2%]

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

Ἰωάννης

John

In this culture, letter writers would give their own names first, and they would refer to themselves in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. If your language has a particular way of introducing the author of a letter, you could also use that. Alternate translation: [From John] or [I, John, am writing this letter to] (with no comma following)

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ

˱to˲_the seven assemblies ¬which in ¬the Asia

In this culture, after giving their own names, letter writers would then say to whom they were writing, naming those people in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the second person. Alternate translation: [to you who are members of the seven churches in Asia]

Note 3 topic: translate-blessing

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ ὁ ὢν, καὶ ὁ ἦν, καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ πνευμάτων, ἃ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ

grace ˱to˲_you_all and peace from the_‹one› being and who was and who coming and from the seven spirits who_‹are› before the throne ˱of˲_him

In this culture, letter writers would offer a good wish for the recipient before introducing the main business of the letter. Use a form in your language that makes it clear that this is a greeting and blessing. Alternate translation: [May the one who is and who was and who is coming and the seven spirits who are before his throne give you grace and peace]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

grace ˱to˲_you_all and peace from the_‹one› being and who was and who coming and from the seven spirits who_‹are› before the throne ˱of˲_him

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the ideas of grace and peace, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: [May the one who is and who was and who is coming and the seven spirits who are before his throne treat you kindly and make you peaceful]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

ὑμῖν

˱to˲_you_all

The word you is plural here because it refers to all of the believers to whom John is writing. So use the plural form here in your translation if your language marks that distinction, and use the singular or plural form in the rest of the book as the context indicates. (As the General Introduction to Revelation explains, these notes will generally only identify forms as singular or plural if that might not be clear from the context.)

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὁ ὢν, καὶ ὁ ἦν, καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος

the_‹one› being and who was and who coming

These three phrases do not describe three different people. They all refer to God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this explicitly. Alternate translation: [God, who is and who was and who is coming]

Note 7 topic: writing-symlanguage

τῶν ἑπτὰ πνευμάτων

the seven spirits

Here, the seven spirits could refer to: (1) the Spirit of God, that is, the Holy Spirit. The Bible can use the number seven as a symbol for completeness and perfection, for example, it describes the Holy Spirit with seven attributes in Isaiah 11:2. If this phrase refers to the Holy Spirit, then John is giving a Trinitarian benediction by mentioning God the Father and the Holy Spirit in this verse and Jesus Christ in the next verse. Alternate translation: [the Holy Spirit] (2) seven individual spirits who serve God. Alternate translation: [the seven spirit beings] or [the seven angelic spirits]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἃ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ

who_‹are› before the throne ˱of˲_him

If these are individual spirits, is not entirely clear who they are, but they would be seven individual spiritual beings who had important responsibilities serving God. John indicates this by association by noting that they are before his throne, that is, in God's presence and ready to serve him whenever needed. Some interpreters believe that they may be the “seven angels” whom John describes in 8:2. Alternate translation: [who are always ready to serve him in important ways]

Parallel REV 1:4