OET interlinear 1 COR 14:34

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

αἱ γυναῖκες

the women

Here, women could refer to: (1) married women (and possibly women with close male relatives). In support of this view is the reference to “their own husbands” in [14:35](../14/35.md). Alternate translation: [wives] (2) women in general. Alternate translation: [women]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

αἱ γυναῖκες & σιγάτωσαν & λαλεῖν

the women & ˓let_be˒_keeping_silent & ˓to_be˒_speaking

Here, be silent and speak could refer to: (1) speaking or not speaking in specific situations related to “examining” prophecies (See: [14:29](../14/29.md)). These specific situations would be when the woman’s husband or close male relative is the one who has prophesied. Alternate translation: [let the women be silent when their husbands are prophesying … to speak when their husbands are prophesying] (2) speaking or not speaking in disruptive ways, particularly asking questions improperly, talking loudly, or speaking out of turn. Paul is using be silent as he did in [14:28](../14/28.md), [30](../14/30.md): it does not prohibit any kind of talking but refers to “keeping quiet” when speaking would be disruptive. Alternate translation: [let the women avoid disruptive talk … to disrupt worship by speaking] (3) any official speaking, including prophecy, discerning prophecies, and tongues. Alternate translation: [remain silent … ever to speak]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / imperative3p

αἱ γυναῖκες & σιγάτωσαν

the women & ˓let_be˒_keeping_silent

Here Paul uses a third-person imperative. If you have third-person imperatives in your language, you could use one here. If you do not have third-person imperatives, you could express the idea using a word such as “should” or “must.” Alternate translation: [the women must be silent]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις

in the assemblies

Here, in the churches is a spatial metaphor that speaks of the churches as if they were a place in which people could gather. Paul speaks in this way to indicate the situation which he is discussing: the gatherings of believers who meet to worship God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express in the churches by clarifying that the churches refers to gatherings of believers for worship. Alternate translation: [in the gatherings of believers] or [in the worship services]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

οὐ & ἐπιτρέπεται αὐταῖς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: αἱ γυναῖκες ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις σιγάτωσαν οὒ γάρ ἐπιτρέπεται αὐταῖς λαλεῖν ἀλλά ὑποτασσέσθωσαν καθώς καί ὁ νόμος λέγει)

Here, it is not permitted is a way to indicate that a custom or a practice is strongly forbidden. It does not state who forbids the custom or practice but rather indicates that this is generally accepted. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express it is not permitted with a comparable word or phrase that refers to a general prohibition. Alternate translation: [they are not allowed] or [they are not able]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / imperative3p

ὑποτασσέσθωσαν

˱them˲_˓let_be_being˒_subjected

Here Paul uses a third-person imperative. If you have third-person imperatives in your language, you could use one here. If you do not have third-person imperatives, you could express the idea using a word such as “should” or “let.” Alternate translation: [let them be in submission]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὑποτασσέσθωσαν

˱them˲_˓let_be_being˒_subjected

Here Paul does not state to whom or what the women are to be in submission. If possible, you also should not express what they are to be in submission to. If you must consider the object of submission, Paul could imply that the submission is to: (1) husbands (or other close male relatives). Alternate translation: [to be in submission to their husbands] (2) to the order God has given the church. Alternate translation: [to act in line with the order of the church] (3) to the church as a whole, particularly the leaders. Alternate translation: [to be in submission to other believers] or [to be in submission to the leaders]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo

καθὼς καὶ ὁ νόμος λέγει

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: αἱ γυναῖκες ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις σιγάτωσαν οὒ γάρ ἐπιτρέπεται αὐταῖς λαλεῖν ἀλλά ὑποτασσέσθωσαν καθώς καί ὁ νόμος λέγει)

Here Paul does not specify what he means by law. It could refer to [Genesis 3:16](../gen/03/16.md). However, it may just be a more general reference to the first five books of the Old Testament (the “Pentateuch”) or to the entire Old Testament (as Paul uses law in [14:21](../14/21.md)). If possible, do not clarify what meaning of law Paul had in mind, since he does not identify exactly what he means by law. Alternate translation: [just as you can find it in God’s commandments] or [just as it is written in the scriptures]