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Mark C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16

Mark 13 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31 V32 V33 V34 V35 V36 V37

OET interlinear MARK 13:20

◄ ← MARK 13:20 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 33928
    1. εἰ
    2. ei
    3. except
    4. -
    5. 14870
    6. C·······
    7. except
    8. except
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33929
    1. μή
    2. mē
    3. not/lest
    4. -
    5. 33610
    6. D·······
    7. ¬not/lest
    8. ¬not/lest
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33930
    1. Κύριος
    2. kurios
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 29620
    6. N····NMS
    7. ˓the˒ master
    8. ˓the˒ Lord
    9. GN
    10. -
    11. 33931
    1. ἐκολόβωσεν
    2. koloboō
    3. shortened
    4. -
    5. 28560
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. shortened
    8. shortened
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33932
    1. Κύριος
    2. kurios
    3. +the master
    4. Yahweh
    5. 29620
    6. N····NMS
    7. ˓the˒ master
    8. ˓the˒ Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y33
    11. 33933
    1. τάς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33934
    1. ἡμέρας
    2. hēmera
    3. days
    4. -
    5. 22500
    6. N····AFP
    7. days
    8. days
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33935
    1. διά
    2. dia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 12230
    6. P·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33936
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33937
    1. ἐκλεκτούς
    2. eklektos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15880
    6. S····AMP
    7. chosen
    8. chosen
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33938
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33939
    1. οὐκ
    2. ou
    3. no
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. no
    8. no
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33940
    1. ἄν
    2. an
    3. would
    4. would
    5. 3020
    6. T·······
    7. would
    8. would
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33941
    1. ἐσώθη
    2. sōzō
    3. was saved
    4. saved
    5. 49820
    6. VIAP3··S
    7. ˓was˒ saved
    8. ˓was˒ saved
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33942
    1. πάσα
    2. pas
    3. any
    4. -
    5. 39560
    6. E····NFS
    7. any
    8. any
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33943
    1. σάρξ
    2. sarx
    3. flesh
    4. -
    5. 45610
    6. N····NFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33944
    1. Ἀλλά
    2. alla
    3. But
    4. but
    5. 2350
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 33945
    1. διά
    2. dia
    3. because of
    4. -
    5. 12230
    6. P·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33946
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33947
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····AMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33948
    1. ἐκλεκτούς
    2. eklektos
    3. chosen
    4. chosen
    5. 15880
    6. S····AMP
    7. chosen
    8. chosen
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33949
    1. ἐκλέκτου
    2. eklektos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15880
    6. S····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ chosen
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ chosen
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33950
    1. οὕς
    2. hos
    3. whom
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····AMP
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33951
    1. ἐξελέξατο
    2. eklegō
    3. he chose
    4. -
    5. 15860
    6. VIAM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ chose
    8. ˱he˲ chose
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33952
    1. ἐκολόβωσεν
    2. koloboō
    3. he shortened
    4. -
    5. 28560
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ shortened
    8. ˱he˲ shortened
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33953
    1. τάς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33954
    1. ἡμέρας
    2. hēmera
    3. days
    4. -
    5. 22500
    6. N····AFP
    7. days
    8. days
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33955

OET (OET-LV) And except not/lest the_master shortened the days, no any flesh would was_saved.
But because_of the chosen, whom he_chose, he_shortened the days.

OET (OET-RV) And if Yahweh hadn’t shortened that time, no humans would even survive, but he shortened that time so that the chosen ones could be saved.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:14–23: Jesus told what will happen when the horrible thing defiles God’s temple

In this section Jesus told about a horrible thing that would defile God’s temple. Then God and his people would no longer meet there, and it would be left desolate (13:14). Jesus told his disciples that when they saw that defiling horror, they must flee. It would be a time of great misery for them. Some people would falsely claim to be a prophet or Christ himself. Jesus warned that his disciples must be careful not to believe people who made those claims.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Jesus warned his disciples about the future distress

The coming time of great trouble

The detestable thing that causes people to abandon the temple

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 24:15–28 and Luke 21:20–24.

Paragraph 13:14–20

The speech that Jesus began in 13:5 continues in this paragraph. In some languages it may be helpful to remind the listeners or readers from time to time who is speaking. For example:

Jesus continued to say to his disciples

13:20a–b

If the Lord had not cut short those days, nobody would be saved: In 13:20a–b, Jesus spoke as though the Lord had already cut short the days. It was common in Old Testament prophecy to refer to future events as if they had already happened. That implied that the events were sure to happen, because God had already decided that they would happen. See the NCV example below.

In the Greek text the sentence begins with the word If and the expression is negative: had not cut short. Many English versions translate it with a negative expression. It is also possible to express this sentence in a positive way, as in the NCV:

God has decided to make that terrible time short. Otherwise, no one would go on living.

The NCV has supplied the verb “has decided,” which is implied in the Greek statement.

13:20a

If the Lord had not cut short those days,

If the Lord: The expression the Lord refers here to “God,” as in the NCV. See the two terms you used to translate “the Lord” in 12:36b. One term referred to Jesus and the other term referred to God. Use the same term for the Lord (God) here in 13:20a that you used in 12:36b. See Lord, Context 2, in the Glossary.

had not cut short those days: The expression cut short those days is an idiom. It refers to reducing the time of suffering. Jesus was not talking about shortening the length of each day.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

make that time of suffering end sooner

make that terrible time shorter

reduce that time (GW)

13:20b

nobody would be saved.

nobody would be saved: In the context of 13:14–20, the Greek word that the BSB translates as be saved refers to being saved from physical distress/sufferings. Many English versions translate this with a word or phrase that means “survive.” It is recommended that you use a similar word.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

continue to live

not die

13:20c

But for the sake of the elect, whom He has chosen, He has cut them short.

But for the sake of the elect, whom He has chosen: The phrase for the sake of the elect means “because of the elect.”

Here are some other ways to translate this:

But because of the elect, whom he chose (NET)

But…to help the people he has chosen. (NCV)

the elect, whom He has chosen: The phrases the elect and whom He has chosen have the same meaning.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

the elect: The expression the elect refers to the people whom God has chosen. Mark was referring here to Christians, that is, to people who trust in Jesus. However, he did not say that explicitly. He used the phrase the elect as a title to refer to them.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

the elected/chosen people

the selected people

the people whom God elected/chose

In this context the text does not specify the purpose for which the people were chosen. In some languages a verb like “chose” or “elect” requires a purpose. If that is true in your language, you may need to supply a general purpose. For example:

the people whom God chose to be his own

He has cut them short: The clause He has cut them short means “The Lord has shortened those days.” This means that the Lord has decided to make the length of time that his people will suffer shorter. This is the positive way to say, “If he had not cut short those days” in 13:20a.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-condition-contrary

εἰ μὴ ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τὰς ἡμέρας, οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ

except (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἰ μή ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τάς ἡμέρας οὐκ ἄν ἐσώθη πάσα σάρξ Ἀλλά διά τούς ἐκλεκτούς οὕς ἐξελέξατο ἐκολόβωσεν τάς ἡμέρας)

Jesus is making a conditional statement that sounds hypothetical, but he is already convinced that the condition is not true. He knows that the Lord really has shortened the days. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a condition that the speaker believes is not true. Alternate translation: [were the Lord not to shorten the days, no flesh would be saved] or [imagine that the Lord did not shorten the days. Then, no flesh would be saved]

Note 2 topic: translate-tense

μὴ ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τὰς ἡμέρας, οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἰ μή ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τάς ἡμέρας οὐκ ἄν ἐσώθη πάσα σάρξ Ἀλλά διά τούς ἐκλεκτούς οὕς ἐξελέξατο ἐκολόβωσεν τάς ἡμέρας)

Jesus is using the past tense in order to refer to something that will happen in the future. He is doing this because he knows that God has already decided to shorten the days. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense, or you could refer to God’s decision. Alternate translation: [the Lord were not going to shorten the days, no flesh would be saved] or [the Lord had not already made the decision to shorten those days, no flesh would have been saved]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

τὰς ἡμέρας & τὰς ἡμέρας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἰ μή ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τάς ἡμέρας οὐκ ἄν ἐσώθη πάσα σάρξ Ἀλλά διά τούς ἐκλεκτούς οὕς ἐξελέξατο ἐκολόβωσεν τάς ἡμέρας)

Here, the phrase the days refers to the time period that Jesus has been describing. See how you expressed the idea in [13:17](../13/17.md). Alternate translation: [that time … that time] or [that time period … that time period]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ

no (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἰ μή ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τάς ἡμέρας οὐκ ἄν ἐσώθη πάσα σάρξ Ἀλλά διά τούς ἐκλεκτούς οὕς ἐξελέξατο ἐκολόβωσεν τάς ἡμέρας)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [no flesh would remain] or [no flesh would continue to live]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

σάρξ

flesh

Jesus is using flesh to represent humans. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [humans]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicitinfo

τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς, οὓς ἐξελέξατο

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἰ μή ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τάς ἡμέρας οὐκ ἄν ἐσώθη πάσα σάρξ Ἀλλά διά τούς ἐκλεκτούς οὕς ἐξελέξατο ἐκολόβωσεν τάς ἡμέρας)

The expression the elect whom he chose contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: [those whom he chose] or [his elect]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἰ μή ἐκολόβωσεν Κύριος τάς ἡμέρας οὐκ ἄν ἐσώθη πάσα σάρξ Ἀλλά διά τούς ἐκλεκτούς οὕς ἐξελέξατο ἐκολόβωσεν τάς ἡμέρας)

Jesus is using the adjective elect as a noun to mean elect people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [the elect people]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

13:20 God’s shortening of his timetable for the days of calamity is referred to frequently in intertestamental Jewish literature (e.g., 2 Esdras 2:13; 2 Baruch 20:1). This statement emphasizes the horrors of this tribulation experienced by God’s people, but also God’s mercy in shortening this time.
• not a single person will survive: The whole population of Judea might have been destroyed if the days of anguish had been longer.
• chosen ones (literally elect): Followers of Jesus.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 33928
    1. except
    2. -
    3. 14870
    5. ei
    6. C-·······
    7. except
    8. except
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33929
    1. not/lest
    2. -
    3. 33610
    5. mē
    6. D-·······
    7. ¬not/lest
    8. ¬not/lest
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33930
    1. +the master
    2. Yahweh
    3. 29620
    4. GN
    5. kurios
    6. N-····NMS
    7. ˓the˒ master
    8. ˓the˒ Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y33
    11. 33933
    1. shortened
    2. -
    3. 28560
    5. koloboō
    6. V-IAA3··S
    7. shortened
    8. shortened
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33932
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33934
    1. days
    2. -
    3. 22500
    5. hēmera
    6. N-····AFP
    7. days
    8. days
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33935
    1. no
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. no
    8. no
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33940
    1. any
    2. -
    3. 39560
    5. pas
    6. E-····NFS
    7. any
    8. any
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33943
    1. flesh
    2. -
    3. 45610
    5. sarx
    6. N-····NFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33944
    1. would
    2. would
    3. 3020
    5. an
    6. T-·······
    7. would
    8. would
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33941
    1. was saved
    2. saved
    3. 49820
    5. sōzō
    6. V-IAP3··S
    7. ˓was˒ saved
    8. ˓was˒ saved
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33942
    1. But
    2. but
    3. 2350
    4. S
    5. alla
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 33945
    1. because of
    2. -
    3. 12230
    5. dia
    6. P-·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33946
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33947
    1. chosen
    2. chosen
    3. 15880
    5. eklektos
    6. S-····AMP
    7. chosen
    8. chosen
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33949
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····AMP
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33951
    1. he chose
    2. -
    3. 15860
    5. eklegō
    6. V-IAM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ chose
    8. ˱he˲ chose
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33952
    1. he shortened
    2. -
    3. 28560
    5. koloboō
    6. V-IAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ shortened
    8. ˱he˲ shortened
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33953
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33954
    1. days
    2. -
    3. 22500
    5. hēmera
    6. N-····AFP
    7. days
    8. days
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33955

OET (OET-LV) And except not/lest the_master shortened the days, no any flesh would was_saved.
But because_of the chosen, whom he_chose, he_shortened the days.

OET (OET-RV) And if Yahweh hadn’t shortened that time, no humans would even survive, but he shortened that time so that the chosen ones could be saved.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET logo mark

◄ ← MARK 13:20 ↑ → ► ║ ©