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Mark C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16

Mark 13 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V29 V30 V31 V32 V33 V34 V35 V36 V37

OET interlinear MARK 13:28

◄ ← MARK 13:28 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. of
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. of
    8. of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34098
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. So then
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. PS
    10. Y33
    11. 34099
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34100
    1. συκῆς
    2. sukē
    3. fig tree
    4. fig
    5. 48080
    6. N····GFS
    7. fig_tree
    8. fig_tree
    9. -
    10. Y33; F34110
    11. 34101
    1. μάθετε
    2. manthanō
    3. learn
    4. learn
    5. 31290
    6. VMAA2··P
    7. learn
    8. learn
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33569; R33571; R33573; Person=John2; R33575; Person=Andrew
    11. 34102
    1. τήν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34103
    1. παραβολήν
    2. parabolē
    3. parable
    4. -
    5. 38500
    6. N····AFS
    7. parable
    8. parable
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34104
    1. ὅταν
    2. hotan
    3. whenever
    4. trees—whenever
    5. 37520
    6. C·······
    7. whenever
    8. whenever
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34105
    1. αὐτῆς
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ it
    8. ˱of˲ it
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 34106
    1. ἤδη
    2. ēdē
    3. already
    4. -
    5. 22350
    6. D·······
    7. already
    8. already
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34107
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34108
    1. κλάδος
    2. klados
    3. branch
    4. branches
    5. 27980
    6. N····NMS
    7. branch
    8. branch
    9. -
    10. Y33; F34114
    11. 34109
    1. αὐτῆς
    2. autos
    3. of it
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ it
    8. ˱of˲ it
    9. -
    10. Y33; R34101
    11. 34110
    1. ἁπαλός
    2. hapalos
    3. tender
    4. -
    5. 5270
    6. S····NMS
    7. tender
    8. tender
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34111
    1. γένηται
    2. ginomai
    3. may become
    4. -
    5. 10960
    6. VSAM3··S
    7. ˓may˒ become
    8. ˓may˒ become
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34112
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34113
    1. ἐκφύῃ
    2. ekfuō
    3. may be sprouting out
    4. sprouting
    5. 16310
    6. VSPA3··S
    7. ˓may_be˒ sprouting_out
    8. ˓may_be˒ sprouting_out
    9. -
    10. Y33; R34109
    11. 34114
    1. τά
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····ANP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34115
    1. φύλλα
    2. fullon
    3. leaves
    4. leaves
    5. 54440
    6. N····ANP
    7. leaves
    8. leaves
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34116
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. among
    8. among
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 34117
    1. αὐτῇ
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DFS
    7. it
    8. it
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 34118
    1. γινώσκετε
    2. ginōskō
    3. you all are knowing
    4. -
    5. 10970
    6. VIPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ knowing
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ knowing
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33569; R33571; R33573; Person=John2; R33575; Person=Andrew
    11. 34119
    1. γινώσκεται
    2. ginōskō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 10970
    6. VIPP3··S
    7. ˱it˲ ˓is_being˒ known
    8. ˱it˲ ˓is_being˒ known
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 34120
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34121
    1. ἤδη
    2. ēdē
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 22350
    6. D·······
    7. already
    8. already
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 34122
    1. ἐγγύς
    2. eŋgus
    3. near
    4. -
    5. 14510
    6. D·······
    7. near
    8. near
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34123
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34124
    1. θέρος
    2. theros
    3. summer
    4. summer
    5. 23300
    6. N····NNS
    7. summer
    8. summer
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34125
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. is
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34126

OET (OET-LV) And learn the parable of the fig_tree:
whenever the branch of_it may_become already tender, and may_be_sprouting_out the leaves, you_all_are_knowing that the summer is near.

OET (OET-RV) “So learn a lesson from fig trees—whenever the branches green up and start sprouting leaves and then everyone knows that summer is close.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:28–31: Jesus used fig trees as an example

In this section, Jesus used an example to help his disciples understand what he was teaching them. In his example, he reminded them about what happens to fig trees. At the end of the cold season, fig trees begin to produce buds and leaves. When people see that happen, they know that summer is near. In the same way, when the disciples see the events in 13:14–27 happen, they will know that Jesus will soon return.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

A Lesson from a Fig Tree (CEV)

The Parable of the Fig Tree (NET)

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 24:32–35 and Luke 21:29–33. See also Matthew 5:18 and Luke 16:17.

Paragraph 13:28–31

At the beginning of this section, Jesus continued to speak to his disciples. In some languages it may be helpful to remind readers of this. For example:

Jesus continued to teach his disciples. He said…

13:28a

Now learn this lesson from the fig tree:

Now: The Greek conjunction that the BSB here translates as Now introduces a new topic. In this context it is not a time word. Introduce this new topic in a way that is natural in your language.

learn this lesson from the fig tree: In some languages people do not speak of learning from inanimate things like fig trees. If this is true in your language, it may be necessary to express the meaning in a different way. For example:

consider/study (plur) the fig tree and learn something from the way it grows

lesson: The Greek word that the BSB translates as lesson is literally “parable” (as in the NASB). This Greek word can mean “parable,” “proverb,” “saying,” “illustration,” “story,” or “metaphor.” The context determines which of these meanings is appropriate. Jesus’ words about the fig tree are more like an illustration or example.

the fig tree: In this context Jesus was speaking about all fig trees. He was not referring to any particular tree. Be sure to use an appropriate form in your language. For example:

learn(plur) something from the illustration about fig trees.

The fig treeIn the Bible, the fig tree often represents the nation of Israel. In 11:13–14, 20–23, the fig tree seems to be a picture of the temple, the central place of Jewish worship. was a very common tree in Israel. Fig trees normally produced small, edible fruit called figs. The trees were completely bare in winter and then sprouted buds, leaves, and figs in the spring.

If speakers of your language are not familiar with the fig tree, here are some other ways to translate it:

tree with a fruit called ‘fig’

fruit tree

The expression fig tree also occurs in 11:13a. See how you translated it there.

13:28b

As soon as its branches become tender and sprout leaves,

As soon as its branches become tender and sprout leaves: This part of the verse introduces what happens when a fig tree develops new leaves after the winter season.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

When its branches become green and tender and it starts putting out leaves (GNT)

When its branches become green and soft and new leaves appear (NCV)

its branches: The Greek word that the BSB translates as branches is also used in 4:32b. See how you translated it there.

become tender: In this context the Greek phrase that the BSB translates as become tender describes what happens to a branch before summer begins. Sap begins to flow through the branch, and it becomes more flexible. It is then ready to bud and sprout leaves. Consider whether you have special terms to describe this in your language.

and sprout leaves: The Greek clause that the BSB translates as sprout leaves also means “its leaves begin to come out/grow.”

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

and new leaves appear (NCV)

and start putting out leaves (CEV)

You should express this in a way that is natural in your language.

13:28c

you know that summer is near.

you know: The word you here is plural and means “people in general.” Jesus, who was speaking, also knew when summer was near. So in some languages it may be more natural to say “we know.”

Here is another way to express this:

everyone knows

that summer is near: In the area where Jesus lived, summer is the time when plants and crops grow. It is also the hottest time of the year.

In this context, the word summer indicates that the tree will soon start growing leaves and fruit. It is more important to find a natural expression in your language for the growing season than to say whether the weather is hot or cold.

Here is are some other ways to express this:

that the rainy season is near

that the growing season is approaching

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

δὲ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπό Δέ τῆς συκῆς μάθετε τήν παραβολήν ὅταν ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλός γένηται καί ἐκφύῃ τά φύλλα γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐγγύς τό θέρος ἐστίν)

Here, the word Now introduces the next thing that Jesus wants to speak about. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next idea, or you could leave Now untranslated. Alternate translation: [Next,]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / parables

ἀπὸ & τῆς συκῆς, μάθετε τὴν παραβολήν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπό Δέ τῆς συκῆς μάθετε τήν παραβολήν ὅταν ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλός γένηται καί ἐκφύῃ τά φύλλα γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐγγύς τό θέρος ἐστίν)

To teach the disciples, Jesus offers a story or illustration. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [learn from this illustration concerning the fig tree]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

τῆς συκῆς & ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλὸς γένηται, καὶ ἐκφύῃ τὰ φύλλα

the fig_tree & already the branch ˱of˲_it (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπό Δέ τῆς συκῆς μάθετε τήν παραβολήν ὅταν ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλός γένηται καί ἐκφύῃ τά φύλλα γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐγγύς τό θέρος ἐστίν)

The phrase fig tree represents fig trees in general, not one particular fig tree. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [fig trees … their branches already become tender, and they put out leaves]

ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλὸς γένηται

already the branch ˱of˲_it (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπό Δέ τῆς συκῆς μάθετε τήν παραβολήν ὅταν ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλός γένηται καί ἐκφύῃ τά φύλλα γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐγγύς τό θέρος ἐστίν)

Here, the clause its branch already becomes tender means that the fig tree has begun to grow new branches, which are tender when they are new. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [it grows new twigs] or [it sprouts fresh branches]

Note 4 topic: translate-unknown

τὸ θέρος

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπό Δέ τῆς συκῆς μάθετε τήν παραβολήν ὅταν ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς ἁπαλός γένηται καί ἐκφύῃ τά φύλλα γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐγγύς τό θέρος ἐστίν)

In the location to which Jesus is referring, summer is the time of year when trees and plants grow and produce fruit. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a term for a season in which plants and trees grow. Alternate translation: [the time for things to grow] or [the hot season]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

13:1-37 This passage brings to a conclusion the section begun at 11:1. Israel’s failure to produce fruit (11:12-26; 12:38-40) and its leaders’ hostility toward God’s anointed, the Messiah (11:1-11, 27-33; 12:13-17, 18-27), would result in judgment and the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. So then
    3. 11610
    4. PS
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. PS
    10. Y33
    11. 34099
    1. learn
    2. learn
    3. 31290
    5. manthanō
    6. V-MAA2··P
    7. learn
    8. learn
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33569; R33571; R33573; Person=John2; R33575; Person=Andrew
    11. 34102
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34103
    1. parable
    2. -
    3. 38500
    5. parabolē
    6. N-····AFS
    7. parable
    8. parable
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34104
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. of
    8. of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34098
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34100
    1. fig tree
    2. fig
    3. 48080
    5. sukē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. fig_tree
    8. fig_tree
    9. -
    10. Y33; F34110
    11. 34101
    1. whenever
    2. trees—whenever
    3. 37520
    5. hotan
    6. C-·······
    7. whenever
    8. whenever
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34105
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34108
    1. branch
    2. branches
    3. 27980
    5. klados
    6. N-····NMS
    7. branch
    8. branch
    9. -
    10. Y33; F34114
    11. 34109
    1. of it
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ it
    8. ˱of˲ it
    9. -
    10. Y33; R34101
    11. 34110
    1. may become
    2. -
    3. 10960
    5. ginomai
    6. V-SAM3··S
    7. ˓may˒ become
    8. ˓may˒ become
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34112
    1. already
    2. -
    3. 22350
    5. ēdē
    6. D-·······
    7. already
    8. already
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34107
    1. tender
    2. -
    3. 5270
    5. hapalos
    6. S-····NMS
    7. tender
    8. tender
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34111
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34113
    1. may be sprouting out
    2. sprouting
    3. 16310
    5. ekfuō
    6. V-SPA3··S
    7. ˓may_be˒ sprouting_out
    8. ˓may_be˒ sprouting_out
    9. -
    10. Y33; R34109
    11. 34114
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····ANP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34115
    1. leaves
    2. leaves
    3. 54440
    5. fullon
    6. N-····ANP
    7. leaves
    8. leaves
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34116
    1. you all are knowing
    2. -
    3. 10970
    5. ginōskō
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ knowing
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ knowing
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33569; R33571; R33573; Person=John2; R33575; Person=Andrew
    11. 34119
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34121
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34124
    1. summer
    2. summer
    3. 23300
    5. theros
    6. N-····NNS
    7. summer
    8. summer
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34125
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34126
    1. near
    2. -
    3. 14510
    5. eŋgus
    6. D-·······
    7. near
    8. near
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 34123

OET (OET-LV) And learn the parable of the fig_tree:
whenever the branch of_it may_become already tender, and may_be_sprouting_out the leaves, you_all_are_knowing that the summer is near.

OET (OET-RV) “So learn a lesson from fig trees—whenever the branches green up and start sprouting leaves and then everyone knows that summer is close.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← MARK 13:28 ↑ → ► ║ ©