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interlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
1Sa C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31
1Sa 20 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39
OET (OET-LV) The_boy he_went and_Dāvid he_arose from_side the_south and_fell on_face_of_his towards_land and_bowed three times and_kissed each DOM his/its_neighbour and_wept each DOM his/its_neighbour until Dāvid he_did_great_things.
OET (OET-RV) When the boy was gone, David came up from the side and dropped onto his knees, bowing three times with his face to the ground. Then they greeted each other with a kiss and cried together, although David cried the most.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
הַנֶּ֔גֶב
the,south
The author is using the term south by association to mean the south side of the stone where David was hiding. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [the south side of the stone]
Note 2 topic: translate-symaction
וַיִּפֹּ֨ל לְאַפָּ֥יו אַ֛רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ פְּעָמִ֑ים
and,fell on,face_of,his towards=land and,bowed three times
Be sure that it is clear in your translation that David did not fall down accidentally. He knelt down in front of Jonathan, pressing his face to the ground, as a gesture to honor him. He then pushed himself up onto his knees and lowered his face to the ground again for a total of three times in order to show great honor to Jonathan. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: [and he knelt down and pressed his face to the ground in front of Jonathan to show him great honor. He bowed in front of him that way three times]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
וַֽיִּשְּׁק֣וּ ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֗הוּ
and,kissed (a)_man DOM his/its=neighbour
The author is using a common expression of his culture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [And they kissed each other]
Note 4 topic: translate-symaction
וַֽיִּשְּׁק֣וּ ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֗הוּ
and,kissed (a)_man DOM his/its=neighbour
In this culture, when men greeted other men who were family or friends, they would kiss them on one cheek or on both cheeks. If your readers would find it embarrassing if you said that one man kissed another man, you could explain the purpose of the gesture, or you could translate the expression in a more general way. Alternate translation: [And to show their friendship they kissed each other on the cheek] or [And they gave each other a warm, friendly greeting]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
וַיִּבְכּוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ
and,wept (a)_man DOM his/its=neighbour
The author is using a common expression of his culture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [And they wept together]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
עַד־דָּוִ֖ד הִגְדִּֽיל
until Dāvid more
The author is leaving out some words that can be understood from the context. Je is speaking about David similarly to the way he spoke about Hannah in 1:12 when he said that “she made great to pray” (although he is using a different verb for made great here). Alternate translation: [until David made great to weep]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
עַד־דָּוִ֖ד הִגְדִּֽיל
until Dāvid more
This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: [until David was overcome with emotion] (2) Alternate translation: [but David wept even more than Jonathan did]
20:41 David bowed: Jonathan had the higher social rank, so David’s homage was fitting.
• Both of them were in tears: For the first time, the record of the emotion between these two men shows mutuality (see 18:1, 3-4; 20:17).
OET (OET-LV) The_boy he_went and_Dāvid he_arose from_side the_south and_fell on_face_of_his towards_land and_bowed three times and_kissed each DOM his/its_neighbour and_wept each DOM his/its_neighbour until Dāvid he_did_great_things.
OET (OET-RV) When the boy was gone, David came up from the side and dropped onto his knees, bowing three times with his face to the ground. Then they greeted each other with a kiss and cried together, although David cried the most.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.