OET interlinear 1 SAM 20:41

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

הַ⁠נֶּ֔גֶב

the,south

The author is using the term south by association to mean the south side of the stone where David was hiding. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [the south side of the stone]

Note 2 topic: translate-symaction

וַ⁠יִּפֹּ֨ל לְ⁠אַפָּ֥י⁠ו אַ֛רְצָ⁠ה וַ⁠יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ פְּעָמִ֑ים

and,he_fell to,his_of,face towards=land and,he_bowed_down three times

Be sure that it is clear in your translation that David did not fall down accidentally. He knelt down in front of Jonathan, pressing his face to the ground, as a gesture to honor him. He then pushed himself up onto his knees and lowered his face to the ground again for a total of three times in order to show great honor to Jonathan. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: [and he knelt down and pressed his face to the ground in front of Jonathan to show him great honor. He bowed in front of him that way three times]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וַֽ⁠יִּשְּׁק֣וּ ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֗⁠הוּ

and,they_kissed (a)_man DOM his/its=neighbour

The author is using a common expression of his culture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [And they kissed each other]

Note 4 topic: translate-symaction

וַֽ⁠יִּשְּׁק֣וּ ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֗⁠הוּ

and,they_kissed (a)_man DOM his/its=neighbour

In this culture, when men greeted other men who were family or friends, they would kiss them on one cheek or on both cheeks. If your readers would find it embarrassing if you said that one man kissed another man, you could explain the purpose of the gesture, or you could translate the expression in a more general way. Alternate translation: [And to show their friendship they kissed each other on the cheek] or [And they gave each other a warm, friendly greeting]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וַ⁠יִּבְכּוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֔⁠הוּ

and,they_wept_for (a)_man DOM his/its=neighbour

The author is using a common expression of his culture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [And they wept together]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

עַד־דָּוִ֖ד הִגְדִּֽיל

until Dāvid more

The author is leaving out some words that can be understood from the context. Je is speaking about David similarly to the way he spoke about Hannah in 1:12 when he said that “she made great to pray” (although he is using a different verb for made great here). Alternate translation: [until David made great to weep]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

עַד־דָּוִ֖ד הִגְדִּֽיל

until Dāvid more

This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: [until David was overcome with emotion] (2) Alternate translation: [but David wept even more than Jonathan did]