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Est Intro C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10
Est 9 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31 V32
Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) Yes, Haman (the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite), the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted to annihilate them, and he had thrown a ‘Pur’ (which is ‘lot’ or perhaps ‘dice’) choose the date to crush them and to destroy them.
OET-LV If/because Haman the_son_of Hammedatha the_Agagite the_harasser_of all_of the_Yəhūdī he_had_planned on the_Yəhūdī/(Jews) to_destroy_them and_throw Pur that the_lot to_crush_them and_to_destroy_them.
UHB כִּי֩ הָמָ֨ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֜תָא הָֽאֲגָגִ֗י צֹרֵר֙ כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים חָשַׁ֥ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים לְאַבְּדָ֑ם וְהִפִּ֥יל פּוּר֙ ה֣וּא הַגּוֹרָ֔ל לְהֻמָּ֖ם וּֽלְאַבְּדָֽם׃ ‡
(kī hāmān ben-hammədātāʼ hāʼₐgāgiy ʦorēr kāl-hayyəhūdim ḩāshaⱱ ˊal-hayyəhūdim ləʼabdām vəhipil pūr hūʼ haggōrāl ləhummām ūləʼabdām.)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX No BrLXX EST book available
BrTr No BrTr EST book available
ULT For Haman, the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the adversary of all the Jews, had plotted concerning the Jews to annihilate them. And he had cast a Pur (which is “the lot”) to vex them and to destroy them.
UST They would celebrate those days to remember how Haman, the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had tried to destroy them. He had thrown a Pur (that is, a lot) to find out what would be the best day to attack the Jews and destroy them completely.
BSB For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the Pur (that is, the lot) to crush and destroy them.
OEB For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted to destroy them. He had cast “Pur”, that is the lot, intending to consume them and to destroy them.
WEBBE because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast “Pur”, that is the lot, to consume them and to destroy them;
WMBB (Same as above)
NET For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised plans against the Jews to destroy them. He had cast pur (that is, the lot) in order to afflict and destroy them.
LSV because Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, adversary of all the Jews, had devised concerning the Jews to destroy them, and had caused to fall Pur—that [is] the lot—to crush them and to destroy them;
FBV For Haman, son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted to destroy the Jews, and had cast “pur” (meaning a “lot”) to crush and destroy them.
T4T They would remember how Haman, son of Hammedatha, a descendant of King Agag, became an enemy of all the Jews. They would remember how he had made an evil plan to kill the Jews, and that he had ◄cast lots/thrown small marked stones► to choose the day to kill [DOU] them.
LEB For Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and he had cast pur, that is the lot, to rout them out and destroy them.
BBE Because Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the hater of all the Jews, had made designs for their destruction, attempting to get a decision by Pur (that is, chance) with a view to putting an end to them and cutting them off;
Moff No Moff EST book available
JPS because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast pur, that is, the lot, to discomfit them, and to destroy them;
ASV because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;
DRA For Aman, the son of Amadathi of the race of Agag, the enemy and adversary of the Jews, had devised evil against them, to kill them and destroy them: and had cast Phur, that is, the lot.
YLT because Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, adversary of all the Jews, had devised concerning the Jews to destroy them, and had caused to fall Pur — that [is] the lot — to crush them and to destroy them;
Drby For Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the oppressor of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them and to destroy them;
RV because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;
Wbstr Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is , the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;
KJB-1769 Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;[fn]
9.24 consume: Heb. crush
KJB-1611 [fn]Because Haman the sonne of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemie of all the Iewes, had deuised against the Iewes to destroy them, and had cast Pur (that is, the lot) to consume them, and to destroy them.
(Because Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemie of all the Yewes, had devised against the Yews to destroy them, and had cast Pur (that is, the lot) to consume them, and to destroy them.)
9:24 Heb. crush.
Bshps Because Haman the sonne of Hamadatha the Agagite all the Iewes enemie, had deuised against the Iewes how he might destroy them, and caused to cast Phur (that is a lot) for to consume them, & to bring them to naught.
(Because Haman the son of Hamadatha the Agagite all the Yews enemy, had devised against the Yews how he might destroy them, and caused to cast Phur (that is a lot) for to consume them, and to bring them to naught/nothing.)
Gnva Because Haman the sonne of Hammedatha the Agagite al the Iewes aduersarie, had imagined against the Iewes, to destroy them, and had cast Pur (that is a lot) to consume and destroy them.
(Because Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite all the Yews adversary, had imagined against the Yewes, to destroy them, and had cast Pur (that is a lot) to consume and destroy them. )
Cvdl how that Aman the sonne of Amadathai all ye Iewes enemye, had deuysed to destroye all the Iewes, and caused the lot to be cast for to put them in feare, and to brynge them to naughte:
(how that Aman the son of Amadathai all ye/you_all Yews enemye, had deuysed to destroy all the Yewes, and caused the lot to be cast for to put them in fear, and to bring them to naught/nothinge:)
Wycl Sotheli Aaman, the sone of Amadathi, of the kynrede of Agag, the enemy and aduersarie of Jewis, thouyte yuel ayens hem, to sle hem and to do awei, and he sente phur, which is interpretid in oure langage `in to lot.
(Truly Aaman, the son of Amadathi, of the kynrede of Agag, the enemy and adversary of Yewis, thought evil against them, to slay/kill them and to do away, and he sent phur, which is interpretid in our langage `in to lot.)
Luth wie Haman, der Sohn Medathas, der Agagiter, aller Juden Feind, gedacht hatte, alle Juden umzubringen, und das Los werfen lassen, sie zu schrecken und umzubringen;
(as Haman, the/of_the son Medathas, the/of_the Agagiter, aller Yuden Feind, gedacht had, all Yuden umzubringen, and the Los werfen lassen, they/she/them to schrecken and umzubringen;)
ClVg Aman enim, filius Amadathi stirpis Agag, hostis et adversarius Judæorum, cogitavit contra eos malum, ut occideret illos atque deleret: et misit phur, quod nostra lingua vertitur in sortem.[fn]
(Aman because, son Amadathi stirpis Agag, hostis and adversarius Yudæorum, cogitavit on_the_contrary them evil, as occideret those atque deleret: and he_sent phur, that nostra lingua vertitur in sortem. )
9.24 Et misit Phur, etc. Sors in urnam missa, dispositionem cujuslibet rei in hominis mente significat, cujus eventum non humanum, sed divinum regit arbitrium, unde Salomon: Sortes mittuntur in sinum: sed a Domino temperantur Prov. 16..
9.24 And he_sent Phur, etc. Sors in urnam missa, dispositionem cuyuslibet rei in of_man mente significat, cuyus eventum not/no humanum, but divinum regit arbitrium, whence Salomon: Sortes mittuntur in sinum: but from Master temperantur Prov. 16..
9:23-26 These verses summarize the events leading to the Festival of Purim.
Purim
The Festival of Purim is the only Old Testament festival not established during the time of Moses. Its name is derived from a word that means lots or dice (Hebrew purim, derived from Akkadian puru). It was a common practice in the ancient world to cast purim to determine whether God favored a particular course of action: A good number would indicate God’s approval, a bad number his disapproval. Near the king’s throne room at Susa in Persia, archaeologists found a small four-sided object with a number engraved on each side. A similar die inscribed with the word pur dates to the 800s BC. In the book of Esther, the Persian astrologers used purim to establish the best time to slaughter the Jews (Esth 3:7).
On the fateful day—March 7, 473 BC—God miraculously rescued his people from certain death, just as he had rescued the nation from Egypt at the Passover. Mordecai and Esther therefore formalized an annual celebration of God’s rescue so that all future generations would remember what God had accomplished (9:28). The festival was widely celebrated thereafter among Jews (see 2 Maccabees 15:36; Josephus, Antiquities 11.6.13; perhaps John 5:1).
When God rescued his chosen people, the day for Jewish execution turned into a day of holy vengeance and was followed by a day of celebration. Today, Jewish people fast and pray to commemorate Esther’s fasting. This fast is then followed by Purim, which is celebrated on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar (occurring in February or March). On this joyous holiday Jews read Esther (with loud boos for Haman and hoorays for Mordecai) and have a time of feasting and rejoicing, with gifts for friends and for the poor. It is a celebration of how God providentially worked to care for his people so that they were not exterminated (9:1-17) and of how God continues to care for, provide for, and save his people (see also Gen 45:5; Ps 91; Prov 16:9, 33; Dan 2:21; Acts 1:6-7; 2:22-23; 4:28-30; 17:24-27; Rom 8:28; 1 Pet 3:12).
Passages for Further Study
Esth 9:1-32; Pss 37:23; 91:1-16; Prov 16:9, 33; Rom 8:28; 1 Pet 3:12
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result
כִּי֩
that/for/because/then/when
This introduces the reason for the events previously described. The story will now summarize everything that happened previously. The Jews were to celebrate because they were able to fight back when Haman plotted to destroy all of them. Alternate translation: “they would celebrate these days to remember”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
כִּי֩
that/for/because/then/when
If it would be helpful in your language, you could say here what this reason is explaining. Alternate translation: “they would establish those days as a holiday in order to remember how”
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / distinguish
צֹרֵר֙ כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים
enemy_of all/each/any/every the,Jews
This phrase gives clarifying information about Haman. Alternate translation: “the enemy of all the Jews”
חָשַׁ֥ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים לְאַבְּדָ֑ם
plotted on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,Jews to,destroy,them
Alternate translation: “had tried to carry out a plan that would destroy the Jews”
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
וְהִפִּ֥יל פּוּר֙ ה֣וּא הַגּוֹרָ֔ל
and,cast pur he/it the,lot
You can say explicitly why Haman did this. Alternate translation: “he threw Pur (that is, he threw lots) to find out what would be the best day”
Note 5 topic: translate-names
פּוּר֙ ה֣וּא הַגּוֹרָ֔ל
pur he/it the,lot
As in 3:7, the storyteller is giving both the Persian and the Hebrew name because this is the story behind the Festival of Purim, which takes its name from “Pur.” So this is not repetition for emphasis. You can put in the Persian name and then the name for “lot” in your own language to show that the storyteller is doing this. Alternate translation: “a Pur (that is, a lot)”
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / hendiadys
לְהֻמָּ֖ם וּֽלְאַבְּדָֽם
to,crush,them and,to,destroy,them
The terms vex and destroy mean basically the same thing. They are used together to emphasize the degree to which Haman’s deadly plans were distressing to the Jews. If it would be helpful in your language, you could combine the terms and express the emphasis with a word like “completely.” Alternate translation: “and completely destroy them”