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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) Then the king of Egypt spoke to Shiphrah and Puah, the two Hebrew midwives,
OET-LV And_he/it_said the_king of_Miʦrayim to_the_midwives the_Hebrew who the_name the_one(f) [was]_Shifrāh and_name_of the_second(fs) [was]_Fūˊāh.
UHB וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת אֲשֶׁ֨ר שֵׁ֤ם הָֽאַחַת֙ שִׁפְרָ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית פּוּעָֽה׃ ‡
(vayyoʼmer melek miʦrayim laməyallədot hāˊiⱱriyyot ʼₐsher shēm hāʼaḩat shifrāh vəshēm hashshēnit pūˊāh.)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ταῖς μαίαις τῶν Ἐβραίων, τῇ μιᾷ αὐτῶν ὄνομα Σεπφώρα, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς δευτέρας Φουά·
(Kai eipen ho basileus tōn Aiguptiōn tais maiais tōn Ebraiōn, taʸ mia autōn onoma Sepfōra, kai to onoma taʸs deuteras Foua; )
BrTr And the king of the Egyptians spoke to the midwives of the Hebrews; the name of the one was, Sepphora; and the name of the second, Phua.
ULT And the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the second was Puah.
UST Now there were two Hebrew midwives named Shiphrah and Puah. The king of Egypt said to them,
BSB § Then the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, whose names were Shiphrah and Puah,
OEB No OEB EXO book available
WEBBE The king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah,
WMBB (Same as above)
NET The king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom was named Shiphrah and the other Puah,
LSV And the king of Egypt speaks to the midwives, the Hebrewesses (of whom the name of the first [is] Shiphrah, and the name of the second Puah),
FBV Then the king gave orders to the Hebrew midwives, Shiphrah and Puah.
T4T There were two Hebrew ◄midwives/women who helped the women when they were giving birth►. [Hebrew means the same as Israeli.] The names of the women were Shiphrah and Puah. The king of Egypt said to those two women,
LEB And the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives—of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah and the name of the second was Puah—
BBE And the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew women who gave help at the time of childbirth (the name of the one was Shiphrah and the name of the other Puah),
Moff No Moff EXO book available
JPS And the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah;
ASV And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah:
DRA And the king of Egypt spoke to the midwives of the Hebrews: of whom one was called Sephora, the other Phua,
YLT And the king of Egypt speaketh to the midwives, the Hebrewesses, (of whom the name of the one [is] Shiphrah, and the name of the second Puah),
Drby And the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives — of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other was Puah —
RV And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah:
Wbstr And the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives (of which the name of one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah:)
KJB-1769 ¶ And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah:
KJB-1611 ¶ And the King of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwiues, (of which the name of one was Shiphrah, and the name of t other Puah.)
Bshps And the kyng of Egypt spake vnto the mydwyfes of the Hebrues women: (of which the one was named Siphrah and the other Puah) and sayde:
(And the king of Egypt spake unto the mydwyfes of the Hebrews women: (of which the one was named Siphrah and the other Puah) and said:)
Gnva Moreouer the King of Egypt commanded ye midwiues of the Ebrewe women, (of which the ones name was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah)
(Moreover/What's_more the King of Egypt commanded ye/you_all midwiues of the Ebrewe women, (of which the ones name was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah) )
Cvdl And the kynge of Egipte sayde vnto the mydwyues of the Hebrueswemen. (Of the which one was called Siphra, and the other Pua:)
(And the king of Egypt said unto the mydwyues of the Hebrewswemen. (Of the which one was called Siphra, and the other Pua:))
Wycl Forsothe the kyng of Egipt seide to the mydwyues of Ebrews, of whiche oon was clepid Sefora, the tother Fua;
(Forsothe the king of Egypt said to the mydwyues of Hebrews, of which one was called Sefora, the tother Fua;)
Luth Und der König in Ägypten sprach zu den ebräischen Wehmüttern, deren eine hieß Siphra und die andere Pua:
(And the/of_the king in Egypt spoke to the ebräischen Wehmüttern, deren one was_called Siphra and the other Pua:)
ClVg Dixit autem rex Ægypti obstetricibus Hebræorum, quarum una vocabatur Sephora, altera Phua,[fn]
(Dixit however king Ægypti obstetricibus Hebræorum, quarum una vocabatur Sephora, altera Phua, )
1.15 Dixit autem rex Ægypti obstetricibus, etc. ORIG., hom. 2. Hæc non solum in mundo, qui Ægyptus spiritualiter dicitur, sed in unoquoque nostrum deprehendimus: princeps hujus mundi non vult vivificari masculos, sed feminas; in femina caro et affectus carnis designatur: vir autem rationabilis est sensus, et intellectualis est spiritus, qui potest cœlestia capere, Deum intelligere, quæ sursum sunt quærere. Hunc odit princeps Ægypti et necari cupit; cupit autem quæ carnis sunt, vivere, et quæ ad materiam pertinent corporalem, hæ non solum vivere, sed augeri et excoli: vult enim ut omnes carnalia sapiant, temporalia et quæ sunt super terram quærant; nemo levet ad cœlum oculos; nemo requirat unde huc venerit; nemo patriam paradisum recordetur. Cum ergo videris homines in voluptatibus vitam ducere, luxu fluitare, conviviis et impudicitiis operam dare, scito quia in his rex Ægypti masculos necat, et vivificat feminas. Si vero unum de mille ad Deum converti, oculos sursum erigere, æterna quærere, odisse delicias et luxuriam, amare continentiam: istum quasi masculum necari cupit Pharao, persequitur, mille machinis oppugnat; odit tales, vivere in Ægypto non sinit. Inde est quod in hoc mundo servi Dei habentur contemptui, expositi contumeliis; inde in eos odia et persecutiones concitantur. Obstetricibus. ORIG., ibid. Iste etiam obstetrices corrumpere nititur. Quarum una vocabatur Sephora, id est, passer; altera Phua, scilicet rubens vel verecunda; per has necari mares et vivificari feminas quærit: sed et timebant obstetrices Deum, et non sicut præcepit eis, fecerunt. Obstetrices docuerunt ante nos quamdam rationabilis eruditionis formam tenere. Obstetrices enim medicæ sunt, et tam masculos nascentes quam feminas fovent. Eruditio ergo communis est rationabilis scientia, et ad omnem pene pervenit sensum, omnes instruit et fovet. Si quis in ea virilis animi fuerit, qui velit cœlestia quærere, divina sectari, velut medicatus et fortis, per has eruditiones ad divirorum intelligentiam paratior veniret. Est enim una, velut passer, quæ celsiora docet, et rationabilis doctrinæ pennis in altum provocat; altera, rubens vel verecunda, moralis est, mores componit, verecundiam docet et honestatem. Mihi tamen quia dicit Scriptura de his quod timuerunt Deum, et non fecerunt juxta præceptum regis Ægypti videntur utriusque Testamenti figuram servare, et Sephora, quæ passer interpretatur, legi, quæ spiritualis est, convenire: Phua vero, quæ rubens vel verecunda, indicare Evangelia, quæ Christi sanguine rubent, et per universum mundum passionis cruore rutilant. Ab his ergo animæ quæ nascuntur in Ecclesia, velut obstetricibus medicantur, quia de Scripturis cuncta eruditionis medicamina conferuntur. Tentat tamen Pharao per has necare masculos, cum studiosis in divinis Scripturis hæreses et prava dogmata suggerit. Sed stat immobile fundamentum Dei. Timent enim obstetrices Deum, id est, timorem Dei docent, qui est initium sapientiæ. Sic competentius aptatur quod sequitur, quia timebant obstetrices Deum, fecerunt sibi domos. Quod secundum litteram, nullam consequentiam habet: non enim propterea domus fit, quia timetur Deus. Si autem videas quomodo Scripturæ Novi et Veteris Testamenti timorem Dei docentes domos Ecclesiæ faciant, et totum orbem domibus orationis impleant, rationabiliter scriptum videbitur. Sic ergo istæ obstetrices, quia timent Deum, id est, timorem Dei docent, non faciunt præceptum regis Ægypti, sed vivificant masculos, nec tamen dicitur quia paruerunt feminas vivificantes. Ego autem confidenter dico, non vivificant feminas. Neque enim vitia aut luxuria in Ecclesia docentur, aut peccata nutriuntur, quod vult Pharao cum vivificari feminas jubet, sed sola virtus excolitur et nutritur. Verum hæc ad unumquemque referamus. Si times Deum, non facias præceptum regis Ægypti: ille enim præcipit ut in deliciis vivas, præsentia concupiscas; tu, si times Deum, et exhibes officium obstetricis, animæ tuæ si conferre cupis, vivificas masculos, id est, interiorem hominem, qui in te est, medicaris et foves, et per actus et intellectus bonos vitam acquiris æternam.
1.15 Dixit however king Ægypti obstetricibus, etc. ORIG., hom. 2. This not/no solum in mundo, who Ægyptus spiritualiter it_is_said, but in unotoo nostrum deprehendimus: prince huyus mundi not/no vult vivificari masculos, but feminas; in femina caro and affectus carnis designatur: man however rationabilis it_is sensus, and intellectualis it_is spiritus, who potest cœlestia capere, God intelligere, which sursum are quærere. Hunc odit prince Ægypti and necari cupit; cupit however which carnis are, vivere, and which to materiam pertinent corporalem, hæ not/no solum vivere, but augeri and excoli: vult because as everyone carnalia sapiant, temporalia and which are over the_earth/land quærant; nemo levet to cœlum oculos; nemo requirat whence huc venerit; nemo patriam paradisum recordetur. Since therefore videris homines in voluptatibus life ducere, lightu fluitare, conviviis and impudicitiis operam dare, scito because in his king Ægypti masculos necat, and vivificat feminas. When/But_if vero one about a_thousand to God converti, oculos sursum erigere, æterna quærere, odisse delicias and lighturiam, amare continentiam: that as_if masculum necari cupit Pharao, persequitur, a_thousand machinis oppugnat; odit tales, vivere in Ægypto not/no sinit. Inde it_is that in this mundo servi of_God habentur contemptui, expositi contumeliis; inde in them odia and persecutiones concitantur. Obstetricibus. ORIG., ibid. Iste also obstetrices corrumpere nititur. Quarum una vocabatur Sephora, id it_is, passer; altera Phua, scilicet rubens or verecunda; through has necari mares and vivificari feminas quærit: but and timebant obstetrices God, and not/no like ordered eis, fecerunt. Obstetrices docuerunt before we quamdam rationabilis eruditionis formam tenere. Obstetrices because medicæ are, and tam masculos nascentes how feminas fovent. Eruditio therefore communis it_is rationabilis scientia, and to omnem pene arrived sensum, everyone instruit and fovet. When/But_if who/any in ea virilis animi has_been, who velit cœlestia quærere, divina sectari, velut melet_him_sayus and fortis, through has eruditiones to divirorum intelligentiam paratior veniret. Est because una, velut passer, which celsiora teaches, and rationabilis doctrinæ pennis in altum provocat; altera, rubens or verecunda, moralis it_is, mores componit, verecundiam teaches and honestatem. Mihi tamen because dicit Scriptura about his that timuerunt God, and not/no fecerunt next_to præceptum king Ægypti videntur utriusque Testamenti figuram servare, and Sephora, which passer interpretatur, legi, which spiritualis it_is, convenire: Phua indeed/yet, which rubens or verecunda, indicare Evangelia, which of_Christ sanguine rubent, and through universum the_world passionis cruore rutilant. Ab his therefore animæ which nascuntur in Ecclesia, velut obstetricibus medicantur, because about Scripturis cuncta eruditionis medicamina conferuntur. Tentat tamen Pharao through has necare masculos, when/with studiosis in divinis Scripturis hæreses and prava dogmata suggerit. But stat immobile fundamentum of_God. Timent because obstetrices God, id it_is, timorem of_God docent, who it_is the_beginning sapientiæ. So competentius aptatur that follows, because timebant obstetrices God, fecerunt sibi domos. That after/second litteram, nullam consequentiam habet: not/no because propterea home fit, because timetur God. When/But_if however videas how Scripturæ Novi and Veteris Testamenti timorem of_God docentes domos Ecclesiæ faciant, and totum orbem domibus orationis impleant, rationabiliter scriptum videbitur. So therefore istæ obstetrices, because timent God, id it_is, timorem of_God docent, not/no faciunt præceptum king Ægypti, but vivificant masculos, but_not tamen it_is_said because paruerunt feminas vivificantes. I however confidenter dico, not/no vivificant feminas. Neither because vitia aut lighturia in Ecclesia docentur, aut sins nutriuntur, that vult Pharao when/with vivificari feminas yubet, but sola virtus excolitur and nutritur. Verum these_things to unumquemque referamus. When/But_if times God, not/no facias præceptum king Ægypti: ille because præcipit as in deliciis vivas, præsentia concupiscas; you, when/but_if times God, and exhibes officium obstetricis, animæ tuæ when/but_if conferre cupis, vivificas masculos, id it_is, interiorem hominem, who in you(sg) it_is, medicaris and foves, and through actus and intellectus bonos life acquiris eternal.
1:15 Pharaoh is a title for the Egyptian ruler, not a personal name.
• The origins of the word Hebrew are unclear. As used by the Egyptians and Philistines in reference to the Israelites, it was apparently a derogatory term for a despised underclass.
• Whatever the number of Hebrew people (see study note on 12:37), there were clearly more than two midwives for the whole nation. Probably the two named here, Shiphrah and Puah, are representatives of the whole group. The differences between Pharaoh and the midwives are dramatic. He had great political and military power; they had none. He had great official prestige; they had very little. He was a man; they were women. He was of the ruling people; they were slaves. He was rich; they were poor. They could easily have been cowed into obedience, but they were not.
Note 1 topic: writing-newevent
This sentence introduces a new event in the story. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event.
(Occurrence 0) לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת
to_the,midwives
Midwives were women who helped a pregnant woman give birth to a baby.
Note 2 topic: translate-names
שִׁפְרָ֔ה & פּוּעָֽה
Shifrāh & Fūˊāh
Shiphrah and Puah are women’s names.
Note 3 topic: writing-participants
שִׁפְרָ֔ה & פּוּעָֽה
Shifrāh & Fūˊāh
The midwives are introduced here as new participants in the story. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new character.