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parallelVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
Exo Intro C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31 C32 C33 C34 C35 C36 C37 C38 C39 C40
Exo 10 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29
Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) Then Yahweh told Mosheh, “Go in to Far’oh because I’ve made him and his servants stubborn in order to be able to demonstrate these miracles of mine among them,
OET-LV and_he/it_said YHWH to Mosheh go to Farˊoh if/because I I_have_made_unresponsive DOM his/its_heart and_DOM the_heart officials_his so_as perform_I signs_mine these in/on/at/with_midst_them.
[fn]
10:1 Note: We read one or more accents in L differently than BHS. Often this notation indicates a typographical error in BHS.
UHB וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֹּ֖א אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י הִכְבַּ֤דְתִּי אֶת־לִבּוֹ֙ וְאֶת־לֵ֣ב עֲבָדָ֔יו לְמַ֗עַן שִׁתִ֛י אֹתֹתַ֥י אֵ֖לֶּה בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃ ‡
(vayyoʼmer yhwh ʼel-mosheh boʼ ʼel-parˊoh kiy-ʼₐniy hikbadtī ʼet-libō vəʼet-lēⱱ ˊₐⱱādāyv ləmaˊan shitiy ʼototay ʼēlleh bəqirbō.)
Key: khaki:verbs, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν, λέγων, εἴσελθε πρὸς Φαραὼ, ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐσκλήρυνα αὐτοῦ τὴν καρδίαν καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ, ἵνα ἑξῆς ἐπέλθῃ τὰ σημεῖα ταῦτα ἐπʼ αὐτούς·
(Eipe de Kurios pros Mōusaʸn, legōn, eiselthe pros Faraō, egō gar esklaʸruna autou taʸn kardian kai tōn therapontōn autou, hina hexaʸs epelthaʸ ta saʸmeia tauta epʼ autous; )
BrTr And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, Go in to Pharao: for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that these signs may come upon them; in order
ULT And Yahweh said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart and the heart of his servants heavy, in order to perform these my signs in his midst,
UST Then Yahweh said to Moses, “Go to the king again. I have made him and his officials stubborn. I have done so in order that I may have a good reason to do all these miracles among them.
BSB § Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened [fn] his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them,
10:1 Or made heavy
OEB No OEB EXO book available
WEBBE The LORD said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs amongst them;
WMBB (Same as above)
NET The Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, in order to display these signs of mine before him,
LSV And YHWH says to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have declared his heart hard, and the heart of his servants, so that I set these signs of Mine in their midst,
FBV The Lord told Moses, “Go and see Pharaoh, because it was me who gave him and his officials a stubborn attitude so that I may perform my miracles before them.
T4T Then Yahweh said to Moses/me, “Go to the king again. I have made him and his officials stubborn [IDM]. I have done that in order that I would have a good reason to perform all these plagues among them,
LEB And Yahweh said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart insensitive[fn] and the heart of his servants in order to put these signs of mine in his midst,
10:1 Literally “heavy”
BBE And the Lord said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have made his heart and the hearts of his servants hard, so that I may let my signs be seen among them:
Moff No Moff EXO book available
JPS And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these My signs in the midst of them;
ASV And Jehovah said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs in the midst of them,
DRA And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants: that I may work these my signs in him.
YLT And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'Go in unto Pharaoh, for I have declared hard his heart, and the heart of his servants, so that I set these My signs in their midst,
Drby And Jehovah said to Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his bondmen, that I might do these my signs in their midst,
RV And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs in the midst of them:
Wbstr And the LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants; that I might show these my signs before him:
KJB-1769 And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him:
(And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs before him: )
KJB-1611 ¶ [fn]And the LORD said vnto Moses, Goe in vnto Pharaoh: for I haue hardned his heart, and the heart of his seruants, that I might shew these my signes before him:
(¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardned his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs before him:)
10:1 Chap.4. 21.
Bshps And the Lorde sayde vnto Moyses, go in vnto Pharao: for I haue hardened his heart, & the heart of his seruauntes, that I might shewe these my signes before hym,
(And the Lord said unto Moses, go in unto Pharao: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs before him,)
Gnva Againe the Lord saide vnto Moses, Goe to Pharaoh: for I haue hardened his heart, and the heart of his seruants, that I might worke these my miracles in the middes of his realme,
(Again the Lord said unto Moses, Go to Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might work these my miracles in the midst of his realm, )
Cvdl And the LORDE saide vnto Moses: Go in vnto Pharao, for I haue hardened his hert & the hertes of his seruautes, yt I might do these my tokes amonge the,
(And the LORD said unto Moses: Go in unto Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants, it I might do these my tokes among them,)
Wycl And the Lord seide to Moises, Entre thou to Farao, for Y haue maad hard the herte of hym, and of hise seruauntis, that Y do these signes `of me in hym;
(And the Lord said to Moses, Entre thou/you to Pharaoh, for I have made hard the heart of him, and of his servants, that I do these signs `of me in him;)
Luth Und der HErr sprach zu Mose: Gehe hinein zu Pharao; denn ich habe sein und seiner Knechte Herz verhärtet, auf daß ich diese meine Zeichen unter ihnen tue,
(And the/of_the LORD spoke to Mose: Gehe hinein to Pharao; because I have his and his servant(s) heart verhärtet, on that I this/these my sign under to_them tue,)
ClVg Et dixit Dominus ad Moysen: Ingredere ad Pharaonem: ego enim induravi cor ejus, et servorum illius, ut faciam signa mea hæc in eo:[fn]
(And he_said Master to Moysen: Ingredere to Pharaonem: I because induravi heart his, and servorum illius, as I_will_do signa mea these_things in eo: )
10.1 Ego enim induravi cor ejus, etc. AUG., quæst. 36 in Exod. Hæc non ita dixit tanquam opus habeat Deus cujusquam malitia, sed sic intelligendum est ac si diceret: Ego patiens fui super eum et servos ejus, ut non eos auferrem, ut ordine superveniant signa mea super eos; quia enim patientia Dei obstinatior fiebat malus animus, pro eo quod patiens in eo fui, dicitur, ingravavi cor ejus. Plagæ Ægyptiorum eruditio est filiorum Isræl, ne similiter indurentur, et similia patiantur. Multato pestilente sapientior erit parvulus. ORIG. Possunt decem plagæ quibus Ægyptus per Isrælitas verberatur, Romani regni comparari temporibus, quia hæc in figura nostri facta sunt. Christianus et Isræliticus populus unius Dei est, una utriusque causa subdita fuit, Synagoga Ægyptiis, Ecclesia Romanis. Persecuti sunt Ægyptii, persecuti sunt et Romani. Ibi decies contradicitur Mosi, hic decem edicta contra Christum. Diversæ ibi plagæ Ægyptiorum, diversæ hic calamitates Romanorum. Ibi primum sanguis de puteis et fluminibus manat, hic prima sub Nerone plaga, ut ubique morientium sanguis esset, vel morbis in Urbe corruptus, vel bellis in orbe profusus. Ibi secunda plaga, ranæ in penetralibus, inedia pene habitatores exstinxit: hic sub Domitiano satellites effrenati, jussu cruenti principis, et inopia pene omnes Romanos cives dispersit. Ibi tertia plaga sciniphes, musculæ sævissimæ, quæ media æstate per loca squalida gregatim volant, capillisque hominum setisque pecudum urente morsu inferuntur: hic tertia plaga sub Trajano Judæos excitavit, qui cum ante dispersi, quasi non essent, quiescerent, repentino calore permoti, grassati sunt. Præterea multæ urbes iisdem temporibus corruerunt terræ motu. Ibi quarta plaga, muscæ caninæ, alumnæ putredinis, vermium matres; hic sub Marco Antonio lues multis infusa provinciis, Italiam et urbem Romam, exercitumque Romanorum per diversa hiberna dispersum, morte dissolutum, putredini et vermibus dedit. Ibi quinta plaga, pecorum et jumentorum: hic sub Severo persecutore civilibus bellis propria viscera et adjumenta reipublicæ, id est, plebes provinciarum et legiones militum, comminutæ sunt. Ibi sexta plaga, vesicæ turgentes ulceraque manantia: hic plaga quæ post Maximini persecutionem fuit, qui specialiter episcopos et clericos, omissa turba populari, Ecclesiarum primates cruciari imperaverat, intumescens crebro ira et perfidia non per vulgi cædem, sed per vulnera morientium principum et potentium exaltata est. Ibi septima plaga, coacta in ære grando, quæ hominibus et jumentis fuit exitio: hic sub Gallo et Volusiano, qui Decio persecutori successerunt, pestis infusa est per omnia spatia Romani regni, et omne prope genus humanum dedit neci. Ibi octava correctio, excitatæ undique locustæ: hic excitatæ undique gentes Romanum orbem cædibus et incendiis vastaverunt. Ibi nona plaga, tenebræ tractabiles, plus periculi comminantes quam facientes: hic Aureliano persecutore decernente, diris turbinibus terribile fulmen sub ipsius pedibus ruit, ostendens quid faceret tantus ultor, nisi patiens esset; quanquam intra sex menses tres interfecti sunt imperatores, Aurelianus, Tacitus et Florianus. Ibi decima et ultima plaga, primogenitorum interfectio: hic omnium perditio idolorum, quæ primitus facta in primis amabant. Ibi rex potentiam Dei probavit, et sensit, et timuit, et populum Dei liberum dimisit: hic quoque hæc omnia fecit, et etiam credidit. IDEM. Ibi populus Dei non est ad servitutem retractus, nec hic postea ad idololatriam coactus. Ibi Ægyptiorum vasa pretiosa Hebræis tradita sunt: hic Ecclesiæ Christianorum pretiosa paganorum templa cesserunt. IDEM. Ægyptiis post decem plagas dimissos Hebræos persequentibus maris irruit interitus: nos quoque peregrinantes persecutio gentilium manet, donec mare Rubrum, id est ignem judicii, Christo duce et judice transeamus. Qui vero Christianos persequuntur, cum rege suo Antichristo, in stagno ignis æterni submergentur.
10.1 I because induravi heart his, etc. AUG., quæst. 36 in Exod. This not/no ita he_said tanquam opus have God cuyusquam malitia, but so intelligendum it_is ac when/but_if diceret: I patiens fui over him and servos his, as not/no them auferrem, as ordine superveniant signa mea over them; because because patientia of_God obstinatior fiebat malus animus, for eo that patiens in eo fui, it_is_said, ingravavi heart his. Plagæ Ægyptiorum eruditio it_is of_children Isræl, not likewise indurentur, and similia patiantur. Multato pestilente sapientior will_be parvulus. ORIG. Possunt ten plagæ to_whom Ægyptus through Isrælitas verberatur, Romani regni comparari temporibus, because these_things in figura our facts are. of_Christanus and Isræliticus populus of_one of_God it_is, una utriusque causa subdita fuit, Synagoga Ægyptiis, Ecclesia Romanis. Persecuti are Ægyptii, persecuti are and Romani. There decies contrait_is_said Mosi, this ten edicta on_the_contrary Christum. Diversæ there plagæ Ægyptiorum, diversæ this calamitates Romanorum. There primum sanguis about puteis and fluminibus manat, this the_first under Nerone plaga, as ubique morientium sanguis esset, or morbis in Urbe corruptus, or bellis in orbe profusus. There secunda plaga, ranæ in penetralibus, inedia pene habitatores exstinxit: this under Domitiano satellites effrenati, yussu cruenti principis, and inopia pene everyone Romanos cives dispersit. There tertia plaga sciniphes, musculæ sævissimæ, which media æstate through loca squalida gregatim volant, capillisque of_men setisque pecudum urente morsu inferuntur: this tertia plaga under Trayano Yudæos excitavit, who when/with before dispersi, as_if not/no essent, quiescerent, repentino calore permoti, grassati are. Præterea many urbes iisdem temporibus corruerunt terræ motu. There the_fourth plaga, muscæ caninæ, alumnæ putredinis, vermium matres; this under Marco Antonio lues multis infusa provinciis, Italiam and city Romam, exercitumque Romanorum through diversa hiberna dispersum, morte dissolutum, putredini and vermibus he_gave. There quinta plaga, pecorum and yumentorum: this under Severo persecutore civilibus bellis propria viscera and adyumenta reipublicæ, id it_is, plebes provinciarum and legiones militum, comminutæ are. There sexta plaga, vesicæ turgentes ulceraque manantia: this plaga which after Maximini persecutionem fuit, who specialiter episcopos and clericos, omissa turba populari, Ecclesiarum primates cruciari imperaverat, intumescens crebro ira and perfidia not/no through vulgi cædem, but through vulnera morientium of_the_princes and potentium exaltata it_is. There septima plaga, coacta in ære grando, which hominibus and yumentis fuit exitio: this under Gallo and Volusiano, who Decio persecutori successerunt, pestis infusa it_is through everything spatia Romani regni, and omne prope genus humanum he_gave neci. There octava correctio, excitatæ undique locustæ: this excitatæ undique gentes Romanum orbem cædibus and incendiis vastaverunt. There nona plaga, tenebræ tractabiles, plus periculi comminantes how facientes: this Aureliano persecutore decernente, diris turbinibus terribile fulmen under ipsius feet ruit, ostendens quid faceret tantus ultor, nisi patiens esset; quanquam intra sex menses tres killed are imperatores, Aurelianus, Tacitus and Florianus. There decima and ultima plaga, primogenitorum killedo: this omnium perditio idolorum, which primitus facts in primis amabant. There king potentiam of_God probavit, and sensit, and timuit, and the_people of_God liberum dimisit: this too these_things everything fecit, and also credidit. IDEM. There populus of_God not/no it_is to servitutem retractus, but_not this postea to idololatriam coactus. There Ægyptiorum vasa pretiosa Hebræis tradita are: this Ecclesiæ of_Christanorum pretiosa paganorum templa cesserunt. IDEM. Ægyptiis after ten plagas dimissos Hebræos persequentibus maris irruit interitus: we too peregrinantes persecutio gentilium manet, until the_sea Rubrum, id it_is ignem yudicii, Christo duce and yudice transeamus. Who vero of_Christanos persequuntur, when/with rege his_own Antichristo, in stagno ignis æterni submergentur.
10:1-20 The eighth plague was the plague of locusts (10:4). Evidently enough time had elapsed between this plague and the previous one that the wheat and emmer wheat had sprouted (see 9:32). The Egyptian god Osiris was especially revered as the god who descended into the underworld and brought plant life back in the spring. This second, climactic attack on the plant life demonstrated that even Osiris was helpless before the Lord. There is no eternal life in sprouting plants.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י הִכְבַּ֤דְתִּי אֶת־לִבּוֹ֙ וְאֶת־לֵ֣ב עֲבָדָ֔יו
that/for/because/then/when I hardened DOM his/its=heart and=DOM heart officials,his
This means God made Pharaoh and his servants stubborn. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their hearts were heavy. If the heart is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in 4:21, but note that the metaphor is slightly different here. Alternate translation: “for I have caused Pharaoh and his servants to be stubborn”