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Parallel EXO 10:1

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not necessarily natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for Bible-translators and others doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still early looks into the drafted texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

B I ◄ ↨ Exo 10:1 ↓ → ► ≡ ═ ©  

Text critical issues=minor/spelling Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=important Speaker(s)=Narrator,Yahweh (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) Then Yahweh told Mosheh (Moses), “Go in to Par’oh (Pharaoh) because I’ve made him and his servants stubborn in order to be able to demonstrate these miracles of mine among them,OET logo mark

OET-LV And_ YHWH _he/it_said to Mosheh go to Parˊoh if/because I I_have_made_unresponsive DOM his/its_heart and_DOM the_heart_of his_servants_of_his so_as I_to_perform signs_of_my these in_midst_of_his.
[fn]


10:1 OSHB note: We read one or more accents in L differently than BHS. Often this notation indicates a typographical error in BHS.OET logo mark

UHB וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֹּ֖א אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י הִכְבַּ֤דְתִּי אֶת־לִבּ⁠וֹ֙ וְ⁠אֶת־לֵ֣ב עֲבָדָ֔י⁠ו לְמַ֗עַן שִׁתִ֛⁠י אֹתֹתַ֥⁠י אֵ֖לֶּה בְּ⁠קִרְבּֽ⁠וֹ׃ ‡
   (va⁠yyoʼmer yhwh ʼel-mosheh boʼ ʼel-parˊoh kiy-ʼₐniy hikbadtī ʼet-lib⁠ō və⁠ʼet-lēⱱ ˊₐⱱādāy⁠v ləmaˊan shiti⁠y ʼotota⁠y ʼēlleh bə⁠qirb⁠ō.)

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν, λέγων, εἴσελθε πρὸς Φαραὼ, ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐσκλήρυνα αὐτοῦ τὴν καρδίαν καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ, ἵνα ἑξῆς ἐπέλθῃ τὰ σημεῖα ταῦτα ἐπʼ αὐτούς·
   (Eipe de Kurios pros Mōusaʸn, legōn, eiselthe pros Faraō, egō gar esklaʸruna autou taʸn kardian kai tōn therapontōn autou, hina hexaʸs epelthaʸ ta saʸmeia tauta epʼ autous;)

BrTr And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, Go in to Pharao: for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that these signs may come upon them; in order


ULT And Yahweh said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart and the heart of his servants heavy, in order to perform these my signs in his midst,

UST Then Yahweh said to Moses, “Go to the king again. I have made him and his officials stubborn. I have done so in order that I may have a good reason to do all these miracles among them.

BSB & MSB Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened[fn] his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them,


10:1 Or made heavy

OEB No OEB EXO 10:1 book available

WEBBE & WMBB The LORD said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs amongst them;

NET The Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, in order to display these signs of mine before him,

LSV And YHWH says to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have declared his heart hard, and the heart of his servants, so that I set these signs of Mine in their midst,

FBV The Lord told Moses, “Go and see Pharaoh, because it was me who gave him and his officials a stubborn attitude so that I may perform my miracles before them.

T4T Then Yahweh said to Moses/me, “Go to the king again. I have made him and his officials stubborn [IDM]. I have done that in order that I would have a good reason to perform all these plagues among them,

LEB And Yahweh said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart ⌊insensitive⌋[fn] and the heart of his servants in order to put these signs of mine in his midst,


10:1 Literally “heavy”

BBE And the Lord said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have made his heart and the hearts of his servants hard, so that I may let my signs be seen among them:

Moff No Moff EXO 10:1 book available

JPS And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these My signs in the midst of them;

ASV And Jehovah said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs in the midst of them,

DRA And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants: that I may work these my signs in him.

YLT And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'Go in unto Pharaoh, for I have declared hard his heart, and the heart of his servants, so that I set these My signs in their midst,

Drby And Jehovah said to Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his bondmen, that I might do these my signs in their midst,

RV And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs in the midst of them:
   (And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs in the midst of them:)

SLT And Jehovah will say to Moses, Go to Pharaoh: for I made his heart heavy, and the heart of his servants; for sake of my setting these my signs within him.

Wbstr And the LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants; that I might show these my signs before him:

KJB-1769 And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him:
   (And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs before him:)

KJB-1611 ¶ And the LORD said vnto Moses, Goe in vnto Pharaoh: for I haue hardned his heart, and the heart of his seruants, that I might shew these my signes before him:
   (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)

Bshps And the Lorde sayde vnto Moyses, go in vnto Pharao: for I haue hardened his heart, & the heart of his seruauntes, that I might shewe these my signes before hym,
   (And the Lord said unto Moses, go in unto Pharao: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs before him,)

Gnva Againe the Lord saide vnto Moses, Goe to Pharaoh: for I haue hardened his heart, and the heart of his seruants, that I might worke these my miracles in the middes of his realme,
   (Again the Lord said unto Moses, Go to Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might work these my miracles in the midst of his realm,)

Cvdl And the LORDE saide vnto Moses: Go in vnto Pharao, for I haue hardened his hert & the hertes of his seruautes, yt I might do these my tokes amonge the,
   (And the LORD said unto Moses: Go in unto Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants, it I might do these my tokens/signs among them,)

Wycl And the Lord seide to Moises, Entre thou to Farao, for Y haue maad hard the herte of hym, and of hise seruauntis, that Y do these signes `of me in hym;
   (And the Lord said to Moses, Enter thou/you to Pharaoh, for I have made hard the heart of him, and of his servants, that I do these signs of me in him;)

Luth Und der HErr sprach zu Mose: Gehe hinein zu Pharao; denn ich habe sein und seiner Knechte Herz verhärtet, auf daß ich diese meine Zeichen unter ihnen tue,
   (And the/of_the LORD spoke to/for Mose: Go into/inside to/for Pharaoh; because/than I have be and his servant(s) heart hardened, on/in/to that I this/these my sign under to_them do/act,)

ClVg Et dixit Dominus ad Moysen: Ingredere ad Pharaonem: ego enim induravi cor ejus, et servorum illius, ut faciam signa mea hæc in eo:[fn]
   (And he/she_said Master to Moses: You_enter to Pharaoh: I because I_made_hard heart his/her, and of_servants of_that, as I_will_do signs/seals my these_things in/into/on by_him:)


10.1 Ego enim induravi cor ejus, etc. AUG., quæst. 36 in Exod. Hæc non ita dixit tanquam opus habeat Deus cujusquam malitia, sed sic intelligendum est ac si diceret: Ego patiens fui super eum et servos ejus, ut non eos auferrem, ut ordine superveniant signa mea super eos; quia enim patientia Dei obstinatior fiebat malus animus, pro eo quod patiens in eo fui, dicitur, ingravavi cor ejus. Plagæ Ægyptiorum eruditio est filiorum Isræl, ne similiter indurentur, et similia patiantur. Multato pestilente sapientior erit parvulus. ORIG. Possunt decem plagæ quibus Ægyptus per Isrælitas verberatur, Romani regni comparari temporibus, quia hæc in figura nostri facta sunt. Christianus et Isræliticus populus unius Dei est, una utriusque causa subdita fuit, Synagoga Ægyptiis, Ecclesia Romanis. Persecuti sunt Ægyptii, persecuti sunt et Romani. Ibi decies contradicitur Mosi, hic decem edicta contra Christum. Diversæ ibi plagæ Ægyptiorum, diversæ hic calamitates Romanorum. Ibi primum sanguis de puteis et fluminibus manat, hic prima sub Nerone plaga, ut ubique morientium sanguis esset, vel morbis in Urbe corruptus, vel bellis in orbe profusus. Ibi secunda plaga, ranæ in penetralibus, inedia pene habitatores exstinxit: hic sub Domitiano satellites effrenati, jussu cruenti principis, et inopia pene omnes Romanos cives dispersit. Ibi tertia plaga sciniphes, musculæ sævissimæ, quæ media æstate per loca squalida gregatim volant, capillisque hominum setisque pecudum urente morsu inferuntur: hic tertia plaga sub Trajano Judæos excitavit, qui cum ante dispersi, quasi non essent, quiescerent, repentino calore permoti, grassati sunt. Præterea multæ urbes iisdem temporibus corruerunt terræ motu. Ibi quarta plaga, muscæ caninæ, alumnæ putredinis, vermium matres; hic sub Marco Antonio lues multis infusa provinciis, Italiam et urbem Romam, exercitumque Romanorum per diversa hiberna dispersum, morte dissolutum, putredini et vermibus dedit. Ibi quinta plaga, pecorum et jumentorum: hic sub Severo persecutore civilibus bellis propria viscera et adjumenta reipublicæ, id est, plebes provinciarum et legiones militum, comminutæ sunt. Ibi sexta plaga, vesicæ turgentes ulceraque manantia: hic plaga quæ post Maximini persecutionem fuit, qui specialiter episcopos et clericos, omissa turba populari, Ecclesiarum primates cruciari imperaverat, intumescens crebro ira et perfidia non per vulgi cædem, sed per vulnera morientium principum et potentium exaltata est. Ibi septima plaga, coacta in ære grando, quæ hominibus et jumentis fuit exitio: hic sub Gallo et Volusiano, qui Decio persecutori successerunt, pestis infusa est per omnia spatia Romani regni, et omne prope genus humanum dedit neci. Ibi octava correctio, excitatæ undique locustæ: hic excitatæ undique gentes Romanum orbem cædibus et incendiis vastaverunt. Ibi nona plaga, tenebræ tractabiles, plus periculi comminantes quam facientes: hic Aureliano persecutore decernente, diris turbinibus terribile fulmen sub ipsius pedibus ruit, ostendens quid faceret tantus ultor, nisi patiens esset; quanquam intra sex menses tres interfecti sunt imperatores, Aurelianus, Tacitus et Florianus. Ibi decima et ultima plaga, primogenitorum interfectio: hic omnium perditio idolorum, quæ primitus facta in primis amabant. Ibi rex potentiam Dei probavit, et sensit, et timuit, et populum Dei liberum dimisit: hic quoque hæc omnia fecit, et etiam credidit. IDEM. Ibi populus Dei non est ad servitutem retractus, nec hic postea ad idololatriam coactus. Ibi Ægyptiorum vasa pretiosa Hebræis tradita sunt: hic Ecclesiæ Christianorum pretiosa paganorum templa cesserunt. IDEM. Ægyptiis post decem plagas dimissos Hebræos persequentibus maris irruit interitus: nos quoque peregrinantes persecutio gentilium manet, donec mare Rubrum, id est ignem judicii, Christo duce et judice transeamus. Qui vero Christianos persequuntur, cum rege suo Antichristo, in stagno ignis æterni submergentur.


10.1 I because I_made_hard heart his/her, etc. AUG., quest. 36 in/into/on Exodus. These not/no so/thus he/she_said as_if work/need have God anyone’s malice/vice, but so to_be_understood it_is and when/but_if would_say: I patient I_was over him and server/keepers his/her, as not/no them I_would_take_away, as in_order they_may_arrive signs/seals my over them; because because patience/endurance of_God more_obstinate was_happening bad mind, for by_him that patient in/into/on by_him I_was, it_is_said, I_aggravated heart his/her. Plagues Of_Egyptians education it_is of_children Israel, not likewise they_may_be_made_hard, and similar they_may_suffer. Fine pestilential wiser will_be little_one. ORIG. They_can ten plagues to_whom Egypt through Israelite is_beaten, Roman of_the_kingdom to_be_compared times, because these_things in/into/on figure/form our facts are. Christian and Israelite the_people of_one of_God it_is, together of_both cause placed_under it_was, Synagogue Egyptians, Assembly/Church Roman. Persecuted are Egyptians, persecuted are and Roman. There ten_times is_contradicted Moses, this/here ten proclamations on_the_contrary Christ/Messiah. Different there plagues Of_Egyptians, different this/here disasters Roman. There first blood from/about wells and rivers flows, this/here the_first under Nero stroke/wound, as everywhere dying blood was, or diseases in/into/on City corrupted, or wars in/into/on around_the_world poured. There the_second stroke/wound, frog in/into/on inside_the_house, fasting almost/nearly the_inhabitants extinguished: this/here under Domitian satellites unbridled, order bloody to_the_princes, and poverty almost/nearly everyone Roman citizen scattered. There third stroke/wound gnat, musculæ most_savage, which middle summer through places squalid in_flocks fly, and_hairs of_men and_hairs cattle burning bite they_are_brought: this/here third stroke/wound under Trayan Jews excited, who/which when/with before dispersed, as_if not/no they_would_be, they_would_rest, sudden with_heat stirred_up, marched_on are. Furthermore many cities same_he times they_collapsed of_the_earth/land(pl) movement. There the_fourth stroke/wound, fly canine, nursling putrefaction, worm mothers; this/here under Marco Antonio lues many poured_in provinces, Italy and city Rome, and_army Roman through different wintry dispersed, death loose, putrefaction and worms he_gave. There fifth stroke/wound, of_cattle and of_cattle: this/here under Severus persecutor civil wars own entrails and helps of_the_commonwealth, that it_is, plebes of_the_provinces and legions soldiers, broken are. There sixth stroke/wound, bladder swelling_out and_sores staying: this/here stroke/wound which after Maximini persecution it_was, who/which specially bishops and clergymen, omitted crowd to_ravage, assemblies/churches primates to_be_tormented had_commanded, swelling frequently/repeatedly anger/rage and treachery not/no through common_people murder, but through wounds dying of_the_princes and powerful exalted it_is. There seventh stroke/wound, forced in/into/on to_be hail, which to_humans and animals it_was destruction: this/here under Gaul and Volusiano, who/which Decio persecutor they_succeeded, plague/pestilence poured_in it_is through everything spatia Roman of_the_kingdom, and everything near kind/class human(n) he_gave murder. There eighth correction, excited everywhere/all_around locusts: this/here excited everywhere/all_around people/nations Roman the_world murders and fires they_devastated. There ninth stroke/wound, darkness(pl) manageable, plus danger threatening how they_will_does: this/here Earliano persecutor deciding, awful whirlwinds terrible lightning under of_his/her_own feet rushes, showing what would_do so_much avenger, except patient was; although/however inside six a_months three killed are emperors, Earlianus, Tacitus and Florianus. There tenth and last stroke/wound, first-born killing: this/here of_all destruction idols, which at_first facts in/into/on first they_were_loving. There king power of_God proved, and felt, and was_afraid, and the_people of_God free released: this/here too these_things everything he_did, and also believed. IDEM. There the_people of_God not/no it_is to slavery remote, but_not this/here afterwards to idolatry forced. There Of_Egyptians vessels/utensils precious Hebrews handed_down are: this/here Assemblies/Churches Of_Christians precious of_pagans temples they_yielded. IDEM. Egyptians after ten plagues let_go Hebrews persecutors of_the_sea rushes destruction: us too travelling persecution Gentile remains, until the_sea Red, that it_is fire judgement, to_Christ/Messiah as_a_leader and judge let’s_go_over. Who indeed/however Christian pursue, when/with king his_own Antichrist, in/into/on pond fire eternal they_will_be_submerged.


HAP Hebrew accents and phrasing: See Allan Johnson's Hebrew accents and phrasing analysis.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

כִּֽי־אֲנִ֞י הִכְבַּ֤דְתִּי אֶת־לִבּ⁠וֹ֙ וְ⁠אֶת־לֵ֣ב עֲבָדָ֔י⁠ו

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_said YHWH to/towards Mosheh go to/towards Parˊoh that/for/because/then/when I hardened DOM his/its=heart and=DOM heart_of his_servants_of,his so_that I,to_perform signs_of,my these in,midst_of,his )

This means God made Pharaoh and his servants stubborn. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their hearts were heavy. If the heart is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [4:21](../04/21.md), but note that the metaphor is slightly different here. Alternate translation: [for I have caused Pharaoh and his servants to be stubborn]

B I ◄ ↨ Exo 10:1 ↑ → ► ≡ ═ ©