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This section (7:1–23) deals with the difference between ritual uncleanness and real moral uncleanness. Ritual uncleanness is external, but real uncleanness involves the inner being of a person. Mark introduced this topic by describing an incident in which the Pharisees and teachers of the law rebuked Jesus. They did this because his disciples ate without first performing the hand-washing ceremony required by Jewish tradition (7:1–5).
Jesus did not respond to their rebuke directly. Instead, he gave an example of how these leaders ignored God’s law in order to follow their own traditions (7:6–13). Jesus then explained to the crowd that true uncleanness in God’s sight is not caused by external things. It is not caused by things such as food going into the body. True uncleanness is caused by sinful things that a person does or says. Those things come from a person’s inner being (7:14–23).
It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.
Here are some other possible headings for this section:
Ritual uncleanness is not what causes God to consider a person unclean
Jesus teaches about what defiles a person
There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 15:1–20 and Luke 11:37–39.
In this paragraph, Jesus again spoke to the crowd. He explained to them that what defiles a person is not something external like food that goes into a person’s body. Rather, what defiles a person in God’s sight are the sinful things that come from inside him. Jesus implied that the Pharisees and teachers of the law were wrong to focus on external rituals such as hand-washing.
[Most English versions do not translate this verse. See the Notes on 7:16.]
There is a textual issue here. It concerns the verse that the NASB translates as: “If any man has ears to hear, let him hear.”
Some Greek manuscripts do not include this verse. (BSB, NIV, GNT, RSV, CEV, NCV, NLT, NET, JBP, NASB, NRSV, REB)
Other Greek manuscripts include this verse. For example, the GW says:
16Let the person who has ears listen! (GW, NASB, NJB, KJV)
It is recommended that you follow option (1), since it has the support of some of the oldest and most reliable manuscripts.Although 7:16 is present in the majority of manuscripts, it is absent from the oldest and most reliable manuscripts. (Metzger page 81, Swanson page 109) If you follow this option, it is good to include this verse as a footnote. Here is an example footnote:
Some Greek manuscripts include 7:16, which says: “If any man has ears to hear, let him hear.”
If the major language version in your area includes this verse in the text, you may want to include it in brackets, as the NASB does.
If you put 7:16 in a footnote, here are several ways to number the verses:
Put the number 16 after the number 15. For example, the CEV says:
15–16The food that you put into your mouth doesn’t make you unclean…
Put in the number 16 after the last word of 15, and have the footnote marker after it. For example, the NCV says:
15“…There is nothing people put into their bodies that makes them unclean. People are made unclean by the things that come out of them.” 16 ‡ 17When Jesus left the people…
Do not include the number 16. Put the footnote after verse 15. For example, the NLT96 says:
15“…You are not defiled by what you eat; you are defiled by what you say and do! ‡ ” 17Then Jesus went into a house…
For advice on translating this verse, see how you translated the similar text in 4:23.
Note 1 topic: translate-textvariants
Εἴ τις ἔχει ὦτα ἀκούειν ἀκουέτω
(Ei tis eⱪei ōta akouein akouetō)
See the discussion of textual issues at the end of the General Notes to this chapter to decide whether to include this verse in your translation. The note below discusses translation issues in this verse, for those who decide to include it.
Εἴ τις ἔχει ὦτα ἀκούειν ἀκουέτω
(Ei tis eⱪei ōta akouein akouetō)
See how you translated the similar sentence in [4:9](../04/09.md).
7:1-23 This account has no direct connection with what precedes it. It assumes only a context such as “Once in the ministry of Jesus.” After setting the scene (7:1-4), Mark introduces the Pharisees’ question (7:5), followed by Jesus’ response (7:6-23). The first part of Jesus’ response (7:6-13) centers around two Old Testament passages and a twofold attack on the Pharisees’ traditions (7:6-8, 9-13). In the second part (7:14-23), Jesus teaches about what does and does not truly defile.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.