ROM 2:12 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) Those not under the Jewish laws and yet sinned, they’ll be judged without the law, and those who knew the laws and sinned, will be judged by the law,

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT For as many as have sinned without the law will also perish without the law, and as many as have sinned with the law will be judged by the law.

UST We know this about God, because he will punish forever all people who sin without knowing the laws that God gave the Jews even though they do not know those laws. At the same time, God will judge according to his laws whoever sins while knowing those laws.

BLB For as many as have sinned without the Law also will perish without the Law; and as many as have sinned in the Law will be judged by the Law,

AICNT For as many as have sinned[fn] without law, will also perish without law, and as many as have sinned in the law, will be judged by the law;

2:12, sinned: Or “fouled.” The word for sin in a general sense means to “miss the mark, error, do wrong” (BDAG, ἁμαρτάνω).

OEB All who, when they sin, are without Law will also perish without Law; while all who, when they sin, are under Law, will be judged as being under Law.

WEBBE For as many as have sinned without the law will also perish without the law. As many as have sinned under the law will be judged by the law.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET For all who have sinned apart from the law will also perish apart from the law, and all who have sinned under the law will be judged by the law.

LSV for as many as sinned without law, will also perish without law, and as many as sinned in law, through law will be judged,

FBV Those who sin even though they don't have the written law[fn] are still lost, while those who sin that do have the written law will be condemned by that law.

2:12 Referring to the law written down by Moses. Those who don't have the written law are the “foreigners,” while those who have the written law are the Jews.

TCNT For all who have sinned without the law will also perish without the law, and all who have sinned under the law will be judged by the law.

T4T Although non-Jews do not have the laws that God gave to Moses, all non-Jews who sin will be eternally separated from God. He will not consider whether or not they knew the laws that he gave to Moses. And all the Jews who have sinned in spite of knowing the laws that God gave to Moses will also be punished {God will also punish them}. They will be punished for disobeying God’s laws.

LEB For as many as have sinned without law will also perish without law, and as many as have sinned under the law will be judged by the law.

BBE All those who have done wrong without the law will get destruction without the law: and those who have done wrong under the law will have their punishment by the law;

Moff All who sin outside the Law
⇔ will perish outside the Law,
⇔ and all who sin under the Law
⇔ will be condemned by the Law.

Wymth For all who have sinned apart from the Law will also perish apart from the Law, and all who have sinned whilst living under the Law, will be judged by the Law.

ASV For as many as have sinned without the law shall also perish without the law: and as many as have sinned under the law shall be judged by the law;

DRA For whosoever have sinned without the law, shall perish without the law; and whosoever have sinned in the law, shall be judged by the law.

YLT for as many as without law did sin, without law also shall perish, and as many as did sin in law, through law shall be judged,

Drby For as many as have sinned without law shall perish also without law; and as many as have sinned under law shall be judged by law,

RV For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned under law shall be judged by law;

SLT For as many as sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;

Wbstr For as many as have sinned without law, shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law, shall be judged by the law,

KJB-1769 For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;

KJB-1611 For as many as haue sinned without Law, shall also perish without Law: and as many as haue sinned in the Law, shalbe iudged by the Law.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation)

Bshps For whosoeuer hath sinned without lawe, shall also perishe without lawe: And as many as haue sinned in ye lawe, shalbe iudged by the lawe.
(For whosoever hath/has sinned without law, shall also perish without law: And as many as have sinned in ye/you_all law, shall be judged by the law.)

Gnva For as many as haue sinned without the Lawe, shall perish also without the Lawe: and as many as haue sinned in the Lawe, shall be iudged by the Lawe,
(For as many as have sinned without the Law, shall perish also without the Law: and as many as have sinned in the Law, shall be judged by the Law, )

Cvdl shal perish also without lawe: and whosoeuer haue synned in the lawe, shalbe iudged by the lawe.
(shall perish also without law: and whosoever have sinned in the law, shall be judged by the law.)

TNT But whosoever hath synned with out lawe shall perisshe with out lawe. And as many as haue synned vnder the lawe shalbe iudged by the lawe.
(But whosoever hath/has sinned with out law shall perish with out law. And as many as have sinned under the law shall be judged by the law. )

Wycl For who euere han synned without the lawe, schulen perische withouten the lawe; and who euere han synned in the lawe, thei schulen be demyd bi the lawe.
(For who ever have sinned without the law, should perish without the law; and who ever have sinned in the law, they should be demyd by the law.)

Luth Welche ohne Gesetz gesündigt haben, die werden auch ohne Gesetz verloren werden; und welche am Gesetz gesündiget haben, die werden durchs Gesetz verurteilt werden,
(Which without law sinned have, the become also without law lost become; and which in/at/on_the law sinned have, the become through law verurteilt become,)

ClVg Quicumque enim sine lege peccaverunt, sine lege peribunt: et quicumque in lege peccaverunt, per legem judicabuntur.[fn]
(Whoever because without lawfully they_sinned, without lawfully they_will_perish: and whoever in/into/on lawfully they_sinned, through the_law they_will_judgeur. )

2.12 Sine lege. AUG. Ideo Apostolus gentiles sine lege dixit, quia Moysi legem scriptam non acceperant, quam se accepisse gloriabantur Judæi. In lege. ID. Qui noverunt divina mandata, aufertur ab eis excusatio, etc., usque ad vel additamento propriæ voluntatis. Judicabuntur. Non ut quasi per ignem salvi fiant, ut quidam dicunt, sed prorsus peribunt. Dicit enim Christus quod tolerabilius erit Sodomæ in judicio, quam Judæis in Christum non credentibus. Et item dicit quod excusationem non habebunt de peccato infidelitatis, quia venit et locutus est eis: de quo habent excusationem illi, quibus nec per se nec per suos locutus est, qui tamen non effugient damnationem: quia qui sine lege, etc. Leviora tamen passuri quia cui plus committitur, plus ab eo exigitur.

2.12 Sine lawfully. AUG. Therefore/For_that_reason Apostolus Gentiles without lawfully he/she_said, because of_Moses the_law writtenm not/no acceperant, how himself to_have_received glorybantur Jews. In lawfully. ID. Who they_know divine commands, takes_awayur away to_them excusatio, etc., until to or addsamento own of_will. Yudicabuntur. Not/No as as_if through fire be_saved be_done, as some they_say, but completely they_will_perish. Sayit because Christ/Messiah that tolerabilius will_be Sodom in/into/on judgement, how To_the_Jews in/into/on Christ/Messiah not/no to_believers. And item he_says that excusationem not/no they_will_have from/about sin of_infidelity, because he_came and spoke it_is to_them: from/about where they_have excusationem them, to_whom but_not through himself but_not through his_own spoke it_is, who/which nevertheless not/no effugient damnation: because who/which without lawfully, etc. Leviora nevertheless passuri because to_whom plus to_start, plus away by_him demandsur.

UGNT ὅσοι γὰρ ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον, ἀνόμως καὶ ἀπολοῦνται; καὶ ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον, διὰ νόμου κριθήσονται;
(hosoi gar anomōs haʸmarton, anomōs kai apolountai; kai hosoi en nomōi haʸmarton, dia nomou krithaʸsontai;)

SBL-GNT Ὅσοι γὰρ ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον, ἀνόμως καὶ ἀπολοῦνται· καὶ ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον, διὰ νόμου κριθήσονται·
(Hosoi gar anomōs haʸmarton, anomōs kai apolountai; kai hosoi en nomōi haʸmarton, dia nomou krithaʸsontai;)

RP-GNT Ὅσοι γὰρ ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον, ἀνόμως καὶ ἀπολοῦνται· καὶ ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον, διὰ νόμου κριθήσονται·
(Hosoi gar anomōs haʸmarton, anomōs kai apolountai; kai hosoi en nomōi haʸmarton, dia nomou krithaʸsontai;)

TC-GNT Ὅσοι γὰρ ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον, ἀνόμως καὶ ἀπολοῦνται· καὶ ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον, διὰ νόμου κριθήσονται·
(Hosoi gar anomōs haʸmarton, anomōs kai apolountai; kai hosoi en nomōi haʸmarton, dia nomou krithaʸsontai; )

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–16: The unbelieving hypocrite must change his thinking

In all of chapter two, Paul wrote as if to someone who disagreed with him. He used the singular “you” throughout the chapter. This form of teaching is called a “diatribe.” Only one person is talking (or writing), but it is as if two people are talking back and forth, asking and answering questions, making objections and responding. Using this diatribe, Paul rebuked those who judged others improperly. The person whom Paul spoke to here was not a believer. His evil deeds store up God’s wrath against him (2:5), and his sins will cause him to perish (2:12).

In this section, Paul addressed someone who judged others as bad but did the same things (2:1). God would punish such a person (2:2–3); it is according to what a person has done (2:6–11) and according to the knowledge of God that a person has (2:12–15).

Here are other possible headings for this section:

The person who does not believe and judges other people as bad yet does the same things

Hypocritical people who do not believe in Jesus

2:12a

All who sin apart from the law

¶ For/Because everyone who does not know the laws/rules of Moses has sinned against God
¶ Truly, many people do not know the laws/rules that God gave to Moses. All of them have done wrong against God,

The Greek begins with a conjunction that is usually translated as “for.” The BSB does not translate this conjunction. It introduces a reason or an explanation of what Paul said in 2:11. If it would be more natural in your language to translate this word, here are other ways to translate it:

Because

Here’s the reason: (GW)

Indeed

The fact is

All who sin: The word sin means “do wrong against someone,” either by breaking a law or going against what is expected to be done. Here it includes doing wrong against God.

apart from the law: This phrase describes people who do not use the Jewish law to rule their lives. This Jewish law is in the first five books of the Old Testament. It is sometimes called “the Law of Moses” (for example, Luke 2:22), because God gave these laws to Moses.

In some languages a literal translation would not refer to the Jewish law. If that is true in your language, indicate clearly which law this is. For example:

do not have the Law of Moses (GNT)

don’t know about God’s Law (GW)

You may want a footnote to explain where these laws are. Here is an example footnote:

This refers to the laws God gave Moses. They are in the first five books of the Old Testament.

2:12b

will also perish apart from the law,

and will also die in ruin without God judging them by those laws/rules.
so God will also destroy them because they sinned against God according to what they knew even without God judging them by the law of Moses.

will also perish apart from the law: This indicates that God will judge the non-Jews by what they know about God but not by the Jewish law. He will see that they are guilty of sinning against him, so they will experience death and destruction as punishment for their sins. Here are other ways to translate these words:

will also perish without the law (ESV)

will die without reference to the Law (JBP)

will perish outside the law (REB)

In some languages a literal translation would not have the correct meaning. If that is true in your language, you may want to include some implied information to explain the text. For example:

will also perish because they were guilty before God even if he judges them without using the law of Moses

will also perish because they sinned against God even without God judging them by the law of the Jews

perish: Here this word refers to dying but also implies destruction or ruin. Here are other ways to translate this word:

be destroyed (NLT)

die in ruin/destruction

2:12c

and all who sin under the law

Also,/And everyone who knows those laws/rules has sinned against God
Also,/And other people try to follow the laws/rules that God gave to Moses. All of them have done wrong against God,

under the law: This phrase describes people who use the Jewish law to rule their lives. Translate the word law so that it refers to the Jewish law here. You may want to:

Allow 2:12a–b to explain that it is the Jewish law and do not explain it again here. For example:
under that law
Translate it here as you did in 2:12a. For example:
have the law of Moses
know about God’s Law

2:12d

will be judged by the law.

and will have God judge them as guilty according to those laws.
and God will condemn them because they have not obeyed those laws.

will be judged by the law: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause. For example:

God will judge them according to the law of Moses

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὅσοι Γάρ ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον ἀνόμως καί ἀπολοῦνται καί ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον διά νόμου κριθήσονται)

For here indicates that what follows in [2:12–16](../02/12.md) gives the reason for the phrase “there is no favoritism with God” in the previous verse. Use a natural way in your language for indicating a reason. Alternate translation: [This is true because]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὅσοι & ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον

as_many_as & unlawfully sinned

Paul uses this phrase to refer to non-Jews, whom he calls “the Greek” in [2:9–10](../02/09.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [as many non-Jewish people as have sinned without the law]

Note 3 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

ἀνόμως & ἀνόμως & νόμῳ & νόμου

unlawfully & unlawfully & law & law

The word law is a singular noun that refers to a group of laws that God gave Israel by dictating them to Moses. See the discussion of this term in the General Notes for this chapter. Alternate translation: [without God’s laws … without God’s laws … God’s laws … God’s laws]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἀνόμως & ἀνόμως

unlawfully & unlawfully

Here, without the law refers to not knowing God’s law. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [without knowing God’s law] or [in ignorance of God’s law]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

καὶ ἀπολοῦνται

Here Paul uses perish to refer to eternal punishment in hell that occurs after physical death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [will also be punished eternally] or [will also experience eternal punishment]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον

as_many_as as_many_as in law sinned

Paul uses this phrase to refer to Jews, who are the people to whom God gave his law. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [as many Jewish people as have sinned with the law]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

διὰ νόμου κριθήσονται

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “God” did it. Alternate translation: [God will judge by his law]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

διὰ νόμου

Here, by indicates that the law is the standard by which God will judge those who know his law. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [according to what the law requires] or [by what the law says]

Parallel ROM 2:12

Section 2:1–16: The unbelieving hypocrite must change his thinking

2:12a

2:12b

2:12c

2:12d