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Luke C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24

Luke 16 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31

OET interlinear LUKE 16:16

◄ ← LUKE 16:16 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Ὁ
    2. ho
    3. The
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. PS
    10. Y33
    11. 54128
    1. νόμος
    2. nomos
    3. law
    4. -
    5. 35510
    6. N····NMS
    7. law
    8. law
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54129
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54130
    1. οἱ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54131
    1. προφῆται
    2. profētēs
    3. prophets were
    4. -
    5. 43960
    6. N····NMP
    7. prophets ‹were›
    8. prophets ‹were›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54132
    1. μέχρι
    2. meχri
    3. until
    4. until
    5. 33600
    6. P·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54133
    1. ἕως
    2. heōs
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 21930
    6. P·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 54134
    1. Ἰωάννου
    2. iōannēs
    3. Yōannaʸs
    4. -
    5. 24910
    6. N····GMS
    7. Yōannaʸs
    8. John
    9. U
    10. Person=John; Y33
    11. 54135
    1. ἐπροφήτευσαν
    2. profēteuō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 43950
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. prophesied
    8. prophesied
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 54136
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. from
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54137
    1. τέ
    2. te
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 50370
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 54138
    1. τότε
    2. tote
    3. then
    4. -
    5. 51190
    6. D·······
    7. then
    8. then
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54139
    1. ἡ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54140
    1. Βασιλεία
    2. basileia
    3. kingdom
    4. kingdom
    5. 9320
    6. N····NFS
    7. kingdom
    8. Kingdom
    9. W
    10. Y33
    11. 54141
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54142
    1. Θεοῦ
    2. theos
    3. of god
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 54143
    1. εὐαγγελίζεται
    2. euaŋgelizō
    3. is being good message preached
    4. preaching good message
    5. 20970
    6. VIPP3··S
    7. ˓is_being˒ good_message_preached
    8. ˓is_being˒ gospel_preached
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54144
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54145
    1. πᾶς
    2. pas
    3. everyone
    4. everyone
    5. 39560
    6. S····NMS
    7. everyone
    8. everyone
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54146
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. into
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. into
    8. into
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54147
    1. αὐτήν
    2. autos
    3. it
    4. it
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AFS
    7. it
    8. it
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54148
    1. βιάζεται
    2. biazō
    3. is forcing
    4. -
    5. 9710
    6. VIPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ forcing
    8. ˓is˒ forcing
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54149

OET (OET-LV) The law and the prophets were until Yōannaʸs, from then the kingdom of_ the _god is_being_good_message_preached, and everyone is_forcing into it.

OET (OET-RV) “The Hebrew scriptures applied until Yohan-the-immerser started preaching the good message about God’s kingdom, now everyone is striving to get into it,[fn]

16:16 See https://rediscoveryingjesus.substack.com/p/jesuss-confusing-sayings-luke-1616.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 16:14–18: Jesus spoke to the Pharisees

In this section Jesus talked to the Pharisees about several topics. He told them that God understood their hearts, that is, that he knew what they most deeply valued and desired. He also talked to them about the authority of God’s law.

Another possible heading for this section is:

Some other things that Jesus taught

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 5:31–32 and Mark 10:11–12.

16:16a

The Law and the Prophets were proclaimed until John.

The Law and the Prophets were proclaimed until John: The Greek expression that the BSB translates as The Law and the Prophets were proclaimed until John is literally “The law and the prophets until John.” There is no verb in the Greek expression. Most English versions have supplied a verb to clarify the meaning.The KJV, RSV, NJB, and REB supply only the verb “were/was.” This may wrongly imply that the Old Testament existed only until the time of John the Baptist. This Greek expression implies at least two ideas:

  1. It implies that the law and prophets “were in effect and had authority” until John came. For example:

    The Law of Moses and the writings of the prophets were in effect up to the time of John the Baptist. (GNT) (GNT, CEV, NLT, GNT, GW, NRSV, NET, JBP)

  2. It implies that the law and prophets “were preached/proclaimed” until John came. For example:

    The law of Moses and the writings of the prophets were preached until John came. (NCV) (BSB, NCV, NIV, NASB)

You may express either of these ideas or a combination of the two. One way to express both ideas is:

Before the time of John, the Jewish people were taught to follow the Law of Moses and the books that the prophets wrote.

If you cannot use a passive verb such as “were taught/proclaimed,” you may use an active verb and supply a subject such as “the Jewish leaders.” For example:

The leaders of the Jews taught people to obey the Law of Moses and the writings of the prophets.

It may be natural in your language to place the time phrase until John at the beginning of the sentence. For example:

Until John the Baptist, the law of Moses and the messages of the prophets were your guides. (NLT)

In some languages this order may result in a better contrast between until John in 16:16a and “Since that time” in 16:16b. Consider what order would be more natural in your language.

The Law and the Prophets: The phrase The Law and the Prophets refers to two of the divisions of the Old Testament, the Law of Moses and the Writings/Books of the Prophets. In many languages it will be necessary to use more explicit phrases like this. See the preceding GNT example under (a) in 16:16a.

The Jews sometimes used the expression The Law and the Prophets to refer to the whole Old Testament, the Hebrew Scriptures. Jesus used it in that way here. Consider putting this information in a footnote. For example:

The Jews often used the expression “the Law and the Prophets” to refer to the whole Old Testament. That is its meaning here.

Prophets: In this context the word Prophets refers to the writings of the prophets in the OT. These prophets were men and women who spoke on behalf of God. They told people what God revealed to them. Later these words were written and became part of the OT Scriptures.

The word Prophets also occurs at 13:28b. See also prophet in the Glossary.

until John: The name John refers to John the Baptist. He preached and baptized just before Jesus began to preach and baptize. See Luke 3:1–23. There are two ways to interpret the phrase until John:

  1. It means “up to but not including John.” Another way to translate this phrase is:

    before the time of John the Baptizer

  2. It means “up to and including John.”

English versions are ambiguous. If it is not possible to translate ambiguously, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), along with most scholars. John did not represent the Old Covenant. He preached the good news, as Jesus did at the beginning of his ministry (see 3:18).

16:16b

Since that time, the gospel of the kingdom of God is being preached,

Since that time: The phrase Since that time probably refers to the general time of John the Baptist’s ministry and after.

the gospel of the kingdom of God is being preached: In Greek, this clause consists of five words: a subject the kingdom of God and a verb “good-news-is-being-preached.” The Notes will discuss the meaning of this clause in terms of normal English grammar and word order.

The Greek verb that the BSB translates as is being preached is a passive verb. If it is necessary to use an active verb in your language, here are some ways to translate it:

See the notes on 4:43a and 8:1b, where almost identical expressions occur.

the gospel…is being preached: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as the gospel…is being preached means to publicly tell people good news. Some other ways to translate the gospel…is being preached are:

the good/sweet news…is being announced

good news…is being preached

the message/report…that causes joy is being told

Be sure that the term you choose does not refer only to a news report or to a story that is not true.

the gospel of the kingdom of God: The phrase the gospel of the kingdom of God means “the good news about God’s kingdom/reign.” The phrase the kingdom of God usually refers to God’s activity of ruling and caring for his people as their king. It does not refer to a literal land or country that he rules. Other ways to translate this whole phrase are:

the good news concerning God’s reign/rule

the sweet message about God’s chieftaincy

In some languages it may be necessary to translate kingdom with a verb and supply an object. If that is true in your language, some ways to translate it are:

the good/sweet news about God ruling his people

the message/report that causes joy. This message is about God reigning over his people

16:16c

and everyone is forcing his way into it.

everyone is forcing his way into it: The clause everyone is forcing his way into it probably refers to the many people who were accepting the good news. They desired very strongly to have God as their king. They were trying hard to enter God’s kingdom.This is the interpretation that is followed by a strong majority of scholars. For a summary of other interpretations, see Blight, 2007b (p. 167). Some English versions are ambiguous, but except for the NET, which says “everyone is urged to enter it,” none of the versions used in these Notes unambiguously supports another view. So the other interpretations have not been discussed in the Notes. For example:

everyone is trying hard to get in (CEV)

everyone: The word everyone in this context is a figure of speech (hyperbole). It is a deliberate exaggeration that refers to the many people who were trying to enter the kingdom of God. If hyperbole is not correctly understood in your language, you may translate the meaning directly. For example:

eager multitudes (NLT96)

many people

into it: The pronoun it refers here to the kingdom of God. English versions translate this phrase in a way that implies that the kingdom of God is a place that people can enter. Although the phrase “kingdom of God” does not usually refer to a place (see the note on 16:16b), it may have that sense here.The locative sense is supported by the Translator’s Handbook and is implied by all English versions. Other commentaries do not discuss this issue. You will need to translate this phrase in a way that fits your translation of “kingdom of God” in 16:16b. Some ways to do this are:

enter the place of his/God’s rule

be subjects in his/God’s kingdom

join those whom he/God rules

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ νόμος καί οἱ προφῆται μέχρι Ἰωάννου ἀπό τότε ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγελίζεται καί πᾶς εἰς αὐτήν βιάζεται)

Jesus is referring to all of God’s word that had been written up to that time. He is using the names of two of its major components to do so. Alternate translation: [The Scriptures]

μέχρι

until

Alternate translation: [led up to the time of]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἰωάννου

John

Jesus assumes that the Pharisees will know that he is referring to John the Baptist. Alternate translation: [John the Baptist]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγελίζεται

the Kingdom ¬the ˱of˲_God ˓is_being˒_gospel_preached

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form, and you could state who has been doing the action. Alternate translation: [I have been teaching people the good news about the kingdom of God]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ

the Kingdom ¬the ˱of˲_God

See how you decided to translate this phrase in [4:43](../04/43.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun kingdom with a verb such as “rule.” Alternate translation: [how God will rule]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

πᾶς εἰς αὐτὴν βιάζεται

everyone into (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ νόμος καί οἱ προφῆται μέχρι Ἰωάννου ἀπό τότε ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγελίζεται καί πᾶς εἰς αὐτήν βιάζεται)

Jesus says that people have been forcing their way into the kingdom to mean that they have been doing everything they can to enter it. Alternate translation: [people have been doing everything they can to enter it]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

πᾶς

everyone

The term everyone is a generalization for emphasis. Alternate translation: [people]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

16:16 John the Baptist was a transitional figure—the last in the line of Old Testament prophets and the herald of the age of salvation (see 1:5-25, 57-80; 3:1-20; 7:18-35).
• everyone is eager to get in: The verb normally means “to suffer violence” and may have the negative sense of violent force into or against the Kingdom (see Matt 11:12). More likely, it carries here a positive sense of urgency to enter the Kingdom.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. The
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. PS
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. PS
    10. Y33
    11. 54128
    1. law
    2. -
    3. 35510
    5. nomos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. law
    8. law
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54129
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54130
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54131
    1. prophets were
    2. -
    3. 43960
    5. profētēs
    6. N-····NMP
    7. prophets ‹were›
    8. prophets ‹were›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54132
    1. until
    2. until
    3. 33600
    5. meχri
    6. P-·······
    7. until
    8. until
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54133
    1. Yōannaʸs
    2. -
    3. 24910
    4. U
    5. iōannēs
    6. N-····GMS
    7. Yōannaʸs
    8. John
    9. U
    10. Person=John; Y33
    11. 54135
    1. from
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54137
    1. then
    2. -
    3. 51190
    5. tote
    6. D-·······
    7. then
    8. then
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54139
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54140
    1. kingdom
    2. kingdom
    3. 9320
    4. W
    5. basileia
    6. N-····NFS
    7. kingdom
    8. Kingdom
    9. W
    10. Y33
    11. 54141
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 54143
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54142
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 54143
    1. is being good message preached
    2. preaching good message
    3. 20970
    5. euaŋgelizō
    6. V-IPP3··S
    7. ˓is_being˒ good_message_preached
    8. ˓is_being˒ gospel_preached
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54144
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54145
    1. everyone
    2. everyone
    3. 39560
    5. pas
    6. S-····NMS
    7. everyone
    8. everyone
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54146
    1. is forcing
    2. -
    3. 9710
    5. biazō
    6. V-IPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ forcing
    8. ˓is˒ forcing
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54149
    1. into
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. into
    8. into
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54147
    1. it
    2. it
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AFS
    7. it
    8. it
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 54148

OET (OET-LV) The law and the prophets were until Yōannaʸs, from then the kingdom of_ the _god is_being_good_message_preached, and everyone is_forcing into it.

OET (OET-RV) “The Hebrew scriptures applied until Yohan-the-immerser started preaching the good message about God’s kingdom, now everyone is striving to get into it,[fn]

16:16 See https://rediscoveryingjesus.substack.com/p/jesuss-confusing-sayings-luke-1616.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← LUKE 16:16 ↑ → ► ║ ©