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OET interlinear LUKE 1:9

← LUKE 1:9 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. κατά
    2. kata
    3. according to
    4. -
    5. 25960
    6. P·······
    7. according_to
    8. according_to
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37395
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····ANS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37396
    1. ἔθος
    2. ethos
    3. custom
    4. -
    5. 14850
    6. N····ANS
    7. custom
    8. custom
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37397
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37398
    1. ἱερατείας
    2. ierateia
    3. priestly office
    4. priests
    5. 24050
    6. N····GFS
    7. priestly_office
    8. priestly_office
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37399
    1. ἔλαχε
    2. lagχanō
    3. he was chosen by lot
    4. chosen
    5. 29750
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ was_chosen_by_lot
    8. ˱he˲ was_chosen_by_lot
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted; R37319
    11. 37400
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. which
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····GNS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37401
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····ANS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 37402
    1. θυμιᾶσαι
    2. thumiaō
    3. to burn incense
    4. incense
    5. 23700
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ burn_incense
    8. ˓to˒ burn_incense
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted; R37319
    11. 37403
    1. εἰσελθών
    2. eiserχomai
    3. having come in
    4. -
    5. 15250
    6. VPAA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ come_in
    8. ˓having˒ come_in
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37404
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. into
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. into
    8. into
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37405
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37406
    1. ναόν
    2. naos
    3. temple
    4. temple
    5. 34850
    6. N····AMS
    7. temple
    8. temple
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37407
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37408
    1. Θεοῦ
    2. theos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····GMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Person=God
    11. 37409
    1. Κυρίου
    2. kurios
    3. master
    4. -
    5. 29620
    6. N····GMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37410

OET (OET-LV) according_to the custom of_the priestly_office, he_was_chosen_by_lot which to_burn_incense, having_come_in into the temple of_the master.

OET (OET-RV) he was chosen by lot (this was how the priests assigned tasks) to light the incense in the temple, and so he proceeded inside.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:5–25: An angel said that John the Baptizer would be born

An angel of the Lord appeared to Zechariah while he was working in the temple as a priest. The angel told him that his wife Elizabeth would become pregnant and have a baby, and that he must name him John. Zechariah and Elizabeth were old, and Elizabeth was not able to have children. So Zechariah did not believe the angel. Because he did not believe that what the angel said would happen, the angel made him unable to speak. But later, Elizabeth became pregnant.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it. Some other possible headings for this section are:

The Birth of John the Baptist is Announced (GNT)

The angel Gabriel predicts the birth of John the Baptizer

The angel Gabriel announces/prophesies to Zechariah that his wife will have a son

Paragraph 1:8–10

This paragraph gives background information for the events in 1:11–20. These events happened in the temple of God in Jerusalem. The temple had several courtyards. The ordinary people remained in the courtyards while the priests went into the temple building to offer incense and other sacrifices. It may be helpful to have a picture of the temple and the temple courtyards here in your translation.

1:9a

he was chosen by lot, according to the custom of the priesthood,

he was chosen by lot: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as he was chosen by lot refers to the custom of throwing or drawing “lots” to choose a person. It is not clear what kind of object the priests used for lots. They may have used small stones with one priest’s name on each stone. They may have thrown the lots in a certain way or drawn them from a container in which all of them had been placed. The priest who would serve before God was chosen in this way.

The Greek verb that the BSB translates with a passive form, he was chosen by lot, is literally “he obtained/received by lot.” This is an active form in Greek, and it may be more natural to use an active form in your language. For example:

the priests chose him by lot

The priests used lots in this way so that God would be the one to choose a priest. In some languages, it may be helpful to make this information explicit. For example:

he was chosen by the way God allowed the lot to fall

he obtained/received the privilege by lot as God determined

In some cultures, the custom of using lots in this way is not known. It may also be difficult to describe this custom in the text. If this is true in your culture, you may want to use a more general expression and explain the custom in a footnote. For example:

he was chosen by priestly custom (GW)

they threw marked stones to decide which priest would serve

Here is a possible footnote:

The priests used certain objects to decide which of them would burn incense. They put a priest’s name on each object. Then they put the objects in a container and shook or drew one out. They believed that the priest whose name was on that object was chosen by God to burn the incense.

according to the custom of the priesthood: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as according to the custom of the priesthood means that this was the method that the Jewish priests regularly used.

1:9b

to enter the temple of the Lord and burn incense.

the temple of the Lord: The phrase the temple of the Lord refers to the temple in Jerusalem where the Lord was present in a special way. Priests served in the temple and presented the people’s sacrifices to the Lord.

The Greek word that the BSB translates as the temple refers specifically here to the holiest place in the temple building. It does not refer to the temple as a whole.

Some ways to translate this are:

the holy/holiest place of the Lord’s temple

the house/place where the Lord is/dwells

the innermost part of the Lord’s temple

the sanctuary

See temple, Meaning 2, in the Glossary for more information.

the Lord: The phrase the Lord refers here to God. See the note at 1:6b.

See also Lord, Context 2, in the Glossary.

burn incense: The Greek word that the BSB translates as incense refers to a certain powder that smelled good when it burned. The Jews used a special type of incense to burn for God. While the incense burned, the priest prayed to God. The sweet-smelling smoke that rose while it burned was a symbol of people praying to God.

Jewish law did not allow any priest to burn this incense more than once in his life. So it was a special honor for Zechariah to burn the incense.

General Comment on 1:9a–b

In some languages it may be more natural to change the order of some of the information in 1:9a–b. For example:

9aIt was the custom of the priests to draw/take lots in order to decide who 9bwould enter the temple of the Lord to burn incense. 9aThe priests did this and Zechariah was the one who gained that right.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-background

κατὰ τὸ ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας, ἔλαχε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: κατά τό ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι εἰσελθών εἰς τόν ναόν τοῦ Κυρίου)

Luke is providing background information about how the priests selected members of their group to perform specific duties. Alternate translation: [The priests chose him in their customary way, by casting a lot]

Note 2 topic: translate-unknown

ἔλαχε

˱he˲_was_chosen_by_lot

A lot was a marked stone that was thrown or rolled on the ground in order to help decide something. The priests believed that God would guide the lot and show them which priest he wanted them to choose for a particular duty. If your culture has a similar object, you could use the word for that in your language here. Alternate translation: [by casting a marked stone]

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι, εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὸν ναὸν τοῦ Κυρίου

¬which ˓to˒_burn_incense ˱of˲_the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: κατά τό ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι εἰσελθών εἰς τόν ναόν τοῦ Κυρίου)

The ULT puts these phrases in the chronological order of what Zechariah needed to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could put them in logical order instead. Alternate translation: [to burn incense, and so he went into the temple to do that]

Note 4 topic: translate-unknown

τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι

¬which ˓to˒_burn_incense

The word incense describes a substance that gives off a sweet smell when it is burned. The priests were to burn it as an offering to God each morning and evening on a special altar inside the temple. If your language has a word for this substance, you could use it here. Alternate translation: [to burn a substance that would create a sweet smell as an offering to God]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. according to
    2. -
    3. 25960
    5. kata
    6. P-·······
    7. according_to
    8. according_to
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37395
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····ANS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37396
    1. custom
    2. -
    3. 14850
    5. ethos
    6. N-····ANS
    7. custom
    8. custom
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37397
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37398
    1. priestly office
    2. priests
    3. 24050
    5. ierateia
    6. N-····GFS
    7. priestly_office
    8. priestly_office
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37399
    1. he was chosen by lot
    2. chosen
    3. 29750
    5. lagχanō
    6. V-IAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ was_chosen_by_lot
    8. ˱he˲ was_chosen_by_lot
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted; R37319
    11. 37400
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····GNS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37401
    1. to burn incense
    2. incense
    3. 23700
    5. thumiaō
    6. V-NAA····
    7. ˓to˒ burn_incense
    8. ˓to˒ burn_incense
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted; R37319
    11. 37403
    1. having come in
    2. -
    3. 15250
    5. eiserχomai
    6. V-PAA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ come_in
    8. ˓having˒ come_in
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37404
    1. into
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. into
    8. into
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37405
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37406
    1. temple
    2. temple
    3. 34850
    5. naos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. temple
    8. temple
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37407
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37408
    1. master
    2. -
    3. 29620
    4. GN
    5. kurios
    6. N-····GMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y-5; TJohn's_birth_predicted
    11. 37410

OET (OET-LV) according_to the custom of_the priestly_office, he_was_chosen_by_lot which to_burn_incense, having_come_in into the temple of_the master.

OET (OET-RV) he was chosen by lot (this was how the priests assigned tasks) to light the incense in the temple, and so he proceeded inside.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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← LUKE 1:9 ↑ → ► ║ ©