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In the previous story, the Pharisees again showed that they did not believe in Jesus. In this story, Jesus warned his disciples about them and about King Herod. He told the disciples to be careful about their “leaven,” or “yeast.” Yeast is a substance that spreads throughout bread dough and causes it to rise.
In this story Jesus used yeast as a metaphor, but the disciples thought he referred to literal yeast. The Jews often spoke of yeast as a figure of speech to refer to any influence that spread rapidly. In this context it is clear that the ways that the Pharisees and King Herod influenced people were harmful. Other Gospels make two of these ways explicit:
In Luke 12:1, the yeast of the Pharisees was hypocrisy.
In Matthew 16:12 the yeast of the Pharisees was their teaching.
In this context the “yeast” of the Pharisees may have been their stubborn refusal to believe in him. The Pharisees had asked Jesus for a sign from God in order to discredit him. Herod also had refused to believe John the Baptist and had ordered his soldiers to kill him. Jesus warned his disciples that they should not be like the Pharisees and King Herod, who did not understand who he was, or believe in him.
It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.
Here are some other possible headings for this section:
Beware of the attitudes of the Pharisees and Herod that spread like yeast
The yeast of the Pharisees and Herod
The disciples did not yet understand what Jesus’ miracles showed about him
There is a parallel passage for this section in Matthew 16:5–11. Luke 12:1 also contains a reference to the yeast of the Pharisees.
So they began to discuss with one another the fact
They discussed what Jesus had said with each other. They said,
Talking this over among themselves, they decided
So they began to discuss with one another: The pronoun they here refers to Jesus’ disciples. The disciples talked with one another about the meaning of what Jesus had just said.
that they had no bread.
“He said this because we(incl) did not bring any bread.”
that Jesus had said this because they did not have any bread.
the fact that they had no bread: In this part of the verse, the disciples tried to explain to themselves why Jesus said the words in 8:15. They thought he was talking about real yeast and real bread. In some languages it may be necessary to make this more explicit. For example:
that he had said that because they had no bread.
In the Greek the disciples’ words are in indirect speech. In some languages it may be more natural to translate this verse using direct speech. For example:
They discussed this with one another and said, “It is because have no bread.” (NIV)
The disciples began to say to each other, ‘Jesus is saying that because we do not have any bread.’ (EASY)
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / quotations
ἀλλήλους, ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχουσιν
one_another because loaves not ˱they˲_˓are˒_having
It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: [each other, “We have no loaves”]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ὅτι
because
Here, the word translated that could introduce: (1) what the disciples were reasoning. Alternate translation: [and saying that] (2) what the disciples think might be the reason for why Jesus said what he did about yeast. Alternate translation: [that Jesus had said that because]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
ἄρτους οὐκ
loaves not
See how you translated loaves in [8:14](../08/14.md). Alternate translation: [nothing to eat]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole
ἄρτους οὐκ
loaves not
Mark says no here as an overstatement for emphasis. The disciples do have one loaf of bread (see [8:14](../08/14.md)) If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: [almost no loaves] or [only one loaf of bread]
8:16 The disciples completely missed the point of Jesus’ warning (8:15) and forgot that because Jesus was with them, their supply of bread was irrelevant.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.