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Mark C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16

Mark 8 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31 V32 V33 V34 V35 V36 V37 V38

OET interlinear MARK 8:17

◄ ← MARK 8:17 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. But and
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28638
    1. γνούς
    2. ginōskō
    3. having known it
    4. it
    5. 10970
    6. VPAA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ known ‹it›
    8. ˓having˒ known ‹it›
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28639
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28640
    1. Ἰησοῦς
    2. iēsous
    3. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    4. -
    5. 24240
    6. N····NMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y32
    11. 28641
    1. λέγει
    2. legō
    3. is saying
    4. saying
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. ˓is˒ saying
    8. ˓is˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y32; R26835; Person=Jesus
    11. 28642
    1. αὐτοῖς
    2. autos
    3. to them
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28643
    1. Τί
    2. ti
    3. Why
    4. -
    5. 50845
    6. D·······
    7. why
    8. why
    9. D
    10. Y32
    11. 28644
    1. διαλογίζεσθε
    2. dialogizomai
    3. are you all reasoning
    4. -
    5. 12600
    6. VIPM2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ reasoning
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ reasoning
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28645
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28646
    1. ταῖς
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28647
    1. καρδίαις
    2. kardia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25880
    6. N····DFP
    7. hearts
    8. hearts
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28648
    1. ὑμῶν
    2. su
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. R28501
    11. 28649
    1. ἑαυτοῖς
    2. heautou
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14380
    6. R···3DMP
    7. yourselves
    8. yourselves
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28650
    1. ὀλιγόπιστοι
    2. oligopistos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 36400
    6. S····VMP
    7. little_faith ‹ones›
    8. little_faith ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28651
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. because
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28652
    1. ἄρτους
    2. artos
    3. loaves
    4. -
    5. 7400
    6. N····AMP
    7. loaves
    8. loaves
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28653
    1. οὐκ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28654
    1. ἔχετε
    2. eχō
    3. you all are having
    4. -
    5. 21920
    6. VIPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501; R28501
    11. 28655
    1. Οὔπω
    2. oupō
    3. not yet
    4. -
    5. 37680
    6. D·······
    7. not_yet
    8. not_yet
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28656
    1. νοεῖτε
    2. noeō
    3. You all are understanding
    4. -
    5. 35390
    6. VIPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28657
    1. οὐδέ
    2. oude
    3. nor
    4. -
    5. 37610
    6. C·······
    7. nor
    8. nor
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28658
    1. συνίετε
    2. suniēmi
    3. you all are understanding
    4. -
    5. 49200
    6. VIPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28659
    1. ἔτι
    2. eti
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20890
    6. D·······
    7. still
    8. still
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28660
    1. πεπωρωμένην
    2. pōroō
    3. having been hardened
    4. -
    5. 44560
    6. VPEP·AFS
    7. ˓having_been˒ hardened
    8. ˓having_been˒ hardened
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28668
    11. 28661
    1. πεπωρωμένη
    2. pōroō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 44560
    6. VPEP·NFS
    7. ˓having_been˒ hardened
    8. ˓having_been˒ hardened
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28662
    1. πεπηρωμένη
    2. pēroō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 40825
    6. VPEP·NFS
    7. ˓having_been˒ incapacitated
    8. ˓having_been˒ incapacitated
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28663
    1. Ἔχετε
    2. eχō
    3. Are you all having
    4. -
    5. 21920
    6. VIPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28664
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28665
    1. τήν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28666
    1. ἡ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28667
    1. καρδίαν
    2. kardia
    3. heart
    4. -
    5. 25880
    6. N····AFS
    7. heart
    8. heart
    9. -
    10. Y32; F28661
    11. 28668
    1. καρδία
    2. kardia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25880
    6. N····NFS
    7. heart
    8. heart
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28669
    1. ὑμῶν
    2. su
    3. of you all
    4. your
    5. 47710
    6. R···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28670

OET (OET-LV) And having_known it, the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) is_saying to_them:
Why are_you_all_reasoning because you_all_are_ not _having loaves?
You_all_are_ not_yet _understanding, nor you_all_are_understanding?
Are_you_all_having the heart of_you_all having_been_hardened?

OET (OET-RV) But Yeshua knew what they were saying and asked, “Why are you all discussing about not having food? Can’t you figure it out? Or are your minds completely closed?

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:14–21: Jesus warned his disciples about the Pharisees and Herod

In the previous story, the Pharisees again showed that they did not believe in Jesus. In this story, Jesus warned his disciples about them and about King Herod. He told the disciples to be careful about their “leaven,” or “yeast.” Yeast is a substance that spreads throughout bread dough and causes it to rise.

In this story Jesus used yeast as a metaphor, but the disciples thought he referred to literal yeast. The Jews often spoke of yeast as a figure of speech to refer to any influence that spread rapidly. In this context it is clear that the ways that the Pharisees and King Herod influenced people were harmful. Other Gospels make two of these ways explicit:

  1. In Luke 12:1, the yeast of the Pharisees was hypocrisy.

  2. In Matthew 16:12 the yeast of the Pharisees was their teaching.

In this context the “yeast” of the Pharisees may have been their stubborn refusal to believe in him. The Pharisees had asked Jesus for a sign from God in order to discredit him. Herod also had refused to believe John the Baptist and had ordered his soldiers to kill him. Jesus warned his disciples that they should not be like the Pharisees and King Herod, who did not understand who he was, or believe in him.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Beware of the attitudes of the Pharisees and Herod that spread like yeast

The yeast of the Pharisees and Herod

The disciples did not yet understand what Jesus’ miracles showed about him

There is a parallel passage for this section in Matthew 16:5–11. Luke 12:1 also contains a reference to the yeast of the Pharisees.

8:17a

Aware of their conversation, Jesus asked them,

Aware of their conversation, Jesus asked them: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as Aware of their conversation is literally “and knowing.” It refers back to the disciples’ conversation in 8:16. Jesus knew that they were talking about the fact that they had not brought any more bread with them in the boat. Refer to that conversation in a natural way in your language. The text does not say how Jesus knew, so your translation should also not say specifically how he knew.

8:17b

“Why are you debating about having no bread?

Why are you debating about having no bread?: This is a rhetorical question. It expresses rebuke. In some languages it may be necessary to include implied information as you translate this rhetorical question.

Jesus scolded his disciples for thinking that the reason he was warning them in 8:15 was because they did not bring bread. In 8:19–20 he reminded them that he had multiplied small amounts of bread to feed large crowds of people. When he spoke about the leaven of the Pharisees and of Herod, he was warning against their dangerous influence or attitude. Clearly, Jesus expected his disciples to think about the danger of the Pharisees and Herod, not about bread.

There are at least two ways to translate this rebuke.

Use whichever form is most natural to express this rebuke in your language.

8:17c

Do you still not see or understand?

Do you still not see or understand?: This is a rhetorical question that is asking two things:

  1. Do you still not see…? (“perceive” in the RSV)

  2. Do you still not…understand?

Jesus asked this to rebuke his disciples because they did not understand him. The question does not imply that the disciples were not intelligent or that they were unable to understand ordinary things. There are at least two ways to translate this rebuke.

Use whichever form is most natural to express this rebuke in your language.

see or understand: The Greek verbs that the BSB translates as see and understand are literally “perceive” and “understand,” as in the RSV. The text uses two verbs with almost the same meaning to emphasize this meaning. In this context the verbs emphasize that the disciples did not understand. Jesus’ question implies that they should have understood.

It may not be natural in your language to repeat verbs with the same meaning here. If that is true, you may indicate the emphasis here in a different way. For example:

Do you(plur) still not yet understand?

Do you(plur) still not understand at all?

By now you(plur) should be able to understand!

understand: Throughout this story, Jesus did not specifically state what his disciples did not understand. The text implies that by that time they should have been able to understand that he was God’s Son, the Messiah. It is recommended that you leave this information unstated. However, in some languages a verb like “understand” requires an object. If that is true in your language, you may need to express the idea in a general way. For example:

understand who I am

perceive the truth

8:17d

Do you have such hard hearts?

Do you have such hard hearts?: Here Jesus used another rhetorical question to rebuke his disciples. This question has the same meaning as the question in 8:17c. There are at least two ways to translate this rebuke.

Use whichever form is most natural to express this rebuke in your language. See the General Comment on 8:17c–d for a suggestion about how to combine these verse parts.

such hard hearts: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates literally as such hard hearts is an idiom. It is used when people are too stubborn to understand spiritual truth. It does not refer to a lack of intelligence. Jesus rebuked his disciples because they saw him do many miracles but still did not understand what his miracles showed about him. You can translate this idiom in two ways:

The phrase such hard hearts is very similar to the phrase “their hearts had been hardened” in 6:52. See how you translated it there.

General Comment on 8:17c–d

The rhetorical questions in 8:17c and 8:17d have almost the same meaning. In some languages it may be more natural to combine these questions. For example:

Have you made your hearts so hard that you still cannot understand?

Have you closed your minds so that you still cannot perceive the truth about me?

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε? οὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ συνίετε? πεπωρωμένην ἔχετε τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

Jesus is using the question form to rebuke the disciples. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: [It is wrong for you to be reasoning that you do not have loaves. You do not yet perceive nor understand. Your hearts have become hardened.] or [Do not reason that you do not have loaves! I am disappointed that you do not yet perceive nor understand! Your hearts have become hardened!]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

οὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ συνίετε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

The terms perceive and understand mean similar things. Jesus is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [Do you not yet know] or [Do you not yet perceive]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

οὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ συνίετε?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

Here Jesus is implying that the disciples do not perceive or understand who Jesus is and what he can do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [Do you not yet perceive who I am, nor understand what I can do]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

πεπωρωμένην ἔχετε τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν?

˓having_been˒_hardened (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

Here, Jesus is speaking of the disciples’ heart as if it had become hardened. He means that the disciples are stubborn and refuse to listen and learn. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [Have you become stubborn] or [Have you become unwilling to pay attention]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

πεπωρωμένην ἔχετε τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν

˓having_been˒_hardened (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could indicate that it was the disciples themselves. Alternate translation: [Has your heart become hard] or [Have you hardened your heart]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

ἔχετε τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν

˱you_all˲_˓are˒_having (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

If it would not be natural in your language to speak as if a group of people had only one heart, you could use the plural form of that word in your translation. Alternate translation: [Have your hearts]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν?

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί γνούς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε Οὔπω νοεῖτε οὐδέ συνίετε πεπωρωμένην Ἔχετε τήν καρδίαν ὑμῶν)

In Jesus’ culture, the heart is the place where humans think and feel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate heart by referring to the place where humans think and feel in your culture or by expressing the idea plainly. Alternate translation: [your head] or [your mind]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

8:14-21 This account of the journey across the Sea of Galilee reflects on Jesus’ greatness, as manifested in the two feeding miracles, and emphasizes the dullness of the disciples, who do not see, hear, or understand because of their hardened hearts (see 4:9-20; 6:52).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. But and
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28638
    1. having known it
    2. it
    3. 10970
    5. ginōskō
    6. V-PAA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ known ‹it›
    8. ˓having˒ known ‹it›
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28639
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28640
    1. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    2. -
    3. 24240
    4. UN
    5. iēsous
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y32
    11. 28641
    1. is saying
    2. saying
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. ˓is˒ saying
    8. ˓is˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y32; R26835; Person=Jesus
    11. 28642
    1. to them
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28643
    1. Why
    2. -
    3. 50845
    4. D
    5. ti
    6. D-·······
    7. why
    8. why
    9. D
    10. Y32
    11. 28644
    1. are you all reasoning
    2. -
    3. 12600
    5. dialogizomai
    6. V-IPM2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ reasoning
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ reasoning
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28645
    1. because
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28652
    1. you all are
    2. -
    3. 21920
    5. eχō
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501; R28501
    11. 28655
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28654
    1. having
    2. -
    3. 21920
    5. eχō
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501; R28501
    11. 28655
    1. loaves
    2. -
    3. 7400
    5. artos
    6. N-····AMP
    7. loaves
    8. loaves
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28653
    1. You all are
    2. -
    3. 35390
    5. noeō
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28657
    1. not yet
    2. -
    3. 37680
    4. S
    5. oupō
    6. D-·······
    7. not_yet
    8. not_yet
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28656
    1. understanding
    2. -
    3. 35390
    5. noeō
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28657
    1. nor
    2. -
    3. 37610
    5. oude
    6. C-·······
    7. nor
    8. nor
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28658
    1. you all are understanding
    2. -
    3. 49200
    5. suniēmi
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ understanding
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28659
    1. Are you all having
    2. -
    3. 21920
    4. S
    5. eχō
    6. V-IPA2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓are˒ having
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28664
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28666
    1. heart
    2. -
    3. 25880
    5. kardia
    6. N-····AFS
    7. heart
    8. heart
    9. -
    10. Y32; F28661
    11. 28668
    1. of you all
    2. your
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2G·P
    7. ˱of˲ you_all
    8. ˱of˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28670
    1. having been hardened
    2. -
    3. 44560
    5. pōroō
    6. V-PEP·AFS
    7. ˓having_been˒ hardened
    8. ˓having_been˒ hardened
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28668
    11. 28661

OET (OET-LV) And having_known it, the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) is_saying to_them:
Why are_you_all_reasoning because you_all_are_ not _having loaves?
You_all_are_ not_yet _understanding, nor you_all_are_understanding?
Are_you_all_having the heart of_you_all having_been_hardened?

OET (OET-RV) But Yeshua knew what they were saying and asked, “Why are you all discussing about not having food? Can’t you figure it out? Or are your minds completely closed?

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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