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Mark 8 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31 V32 V33 V34 V35 V36 V37 V38

OET interlinear MARK 8:15

◄ ← MARK 8:15 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28605
    1. διετέλλετο
    2. diatellō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 13005
    6. VIIM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ obligating
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ obligating
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28606
    1. διεστέλλετο
    2. diastellō
    3. he was instructing
    4. -
    5. 12910
    6. VIIM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ instructing
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ instructing
    9. -
    10. Y32; R26835; Person=Jesus
    11. 28607
    1. αὐτοῖς
    2. autos
    3. to them
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28608
    1. λέγων
    2. legō
    3. saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y32; R26835; Person=Jesus
    11. 28609
    1. Ὁρᾶτε
    2. horaō
    3. Be seeing
    4. -
    5. 37080
    6. VMPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ seeing
    8. ˓be˒ seeing
    9. D
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28610
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28611
    1. βλέπετε
    2. blepō
    3. be watching out
    4. -
    5. 9910
    6. VMPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ watching_out
    8. ˓be˒ watching_out
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28612
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. for
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28613
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28614
    1. ζύμης
    2. zumē
    3. leaven
    4. -
    5. 22190
    6. N····GFS
    7. leaven
    8. leaven
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28615
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28616
    1. Φαρισαίων
    2. farisaios
    3. Farisaios party
    4. -
    5. 53300
    6. N····GMP
    7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
    8. Pharisees
    9. U
    10. Y32
    11. 28617
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. and
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28618
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28619
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28620
    1. ζύμης
    2. zumē
    3. leaven
    4. -
    5. 22190
    6. N····GFS
    7. leaven
    8. leaven
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28621
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 28622
    1. Ἡρῳδιανῶν
    2. ērōdianoi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 22650
    6. N····GMP
    7. supporters_of_Haʸrōdaʸs
    8. Herodians
    9. U
    10. -
    11. 28623
    1. Ἡρῴδου
    2. ērōdēs
    3. of Haʸrōdaʸs
    4. Herod
    5. 22640
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Haʸrōdaʸs
    8. ˱of˲ Herod
    9. U
    10. Y32
    11. 28624

OET (OET-LV) And he_was_instructing to_them saying:
Be_seeing, be_watching_out for the leaven of_the Farisaios_party and of_the leaven of_Haʸrōdaʸs.

OET (OET-RV) He told them, “Watch out for the yeast of the Pharisees and of King Herod.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:14–21: Jesus warned his disciples about the Pharisees and Herod

In the previous story, the Pharisees again showed that they did not believe in Jesus. In this story, Jesus warned his disciples about them and about King Herod. He told the disciples to be careful about their “leaven,” or “yeast.” Yeast is a substance that spreads throughout bread dough and causes it to rise.

In this story Jesus used yeast as a metaphor, but the disciples thought he referred to literal yeast. The Jews often spoke of yeast as a figure of speech to refer to any influence that spread rapidly. In this context it is clear that the ways that the Pharisees and King Herod influenced people were harmful. Other Gospels make two of these ways explicit:

  1. In Luke 12:1, the yeast of the Pharisees was hypocrisy.

  2. In Matthew 16:12 the yeast of the Pharisees was their teaching.

In this context the “yeast” of the Pharisees may have been their stubborn refusal to believe in him. The Pharisees had asked Jesus for a sign from God in order to discredit him. Herod also had refused to believe John the Baptist and had ordered his soldiers to kill him. Jesus warned his disciples that they should not be like the Pharisees and King Herod, who did not understand who he was, or believe in him.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Beware of the attitudes of the Pharisees and Herod that spread like yeast

The yeast of the Pharisees and Herod

The disciples did not yet understand what Jesus’ miracles showed about him

There is a parallel passage for this section in Matthew 16:5–11. Luke 12:1 also contains a reference to the yeast of the Pharisees.

8:15a

“Watch out!” He cautioned them.

8:15b

“Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of Herod.”

8:15a–b

Notice that the BSB begins this verse with words that Jesus spoke. In some languages it will be necessary to identify Jesus as the speaker first. See the note on “He cautioned them” below. See also the General Comment on 8:15a–b.

Watch out!…Beware: The Greek verbs that the BSB translates as Watch out and Beware have the same meaning here. They are both a command and a warning. They indicate that people should be alert to guard themselves against some danger or evil. In this context the specific danger is mentioned in 8:15b.

Jesus used these two verbs with the same meaning to emphasize the warning that he was giving them. In some languages it may not be natural to use two verbs like this. If that is true in your language, you may need to emphasize the warning in another way. For example:

Jesus earnestly cautioned them, “Watch out for the yeast of the Pharisees and of Herod.”

Jesus warned them, “Be very careful to avoid the yeast of the Pharisees and Herod.”

He cautioned them: The Greek word that the BSB translates as cautioned is literally “was ordering, commanding.” Many English versions translate it as “warned” here because his command was a warning. Translate He cautioned them in a way that is natural in your language. The form of the Greek verb indicates that Jesus probably warned them more than once. He may have spoken for some time about his warning.

In the Greek text, the phrase He cautioned them occurs before Jesus’ actual words. The BSB puts this phrase in the middle of Jesus’ words. Place it where it would naturally occur in your language.

the leaven of the Pharisees and of Herod: The text does not say in what way the leaven was related to the Pharisees and Herod. However, Jesus implied that the influence of the Pharisees and Herod was similar in some way to leaven.

In some languages it may be necessary to make the meaning slightly more explicit. For example:

the leaven/yeast that the Pharisees spread, and the leaven/yeast that Herod spreads

the leaven that comes from the Pharisees, and the leaven that comes from Herod

Remember that the disciples did not understand what Jesus meant. They thought he was talking about literal leaven. So you should not explain the meaning of leaven in the verse itself. You may want to include a footnote to give more information. For example:

The Jews used “leaven/yeast” as an idiom to refer to the spread of any influence, whether it be good or bad. Jesus used it here to refer to the bad influence that the Pharisees’ and Herod’s unbelief had on many people.This suggested footnote is a shortened form of the footnote that appears in the TRT (page 100).

leaven: The Greek word that the BSB translates as leaven refers to a substance that makes bread dough rise. A person mixes this substance with water and flour. Then it spreads throughout the flour and makes the dough expand. The dough is then baked into bread.

If people in your area are not familiar with making dough rise, here are some other ways to translate leaven:

the Pharisees: In biblical times, the Pharisees were a Jewish religious group. See how you translated Pharisees in 8:11a.

Herod: The name Herod here refers to Herod Antipas, the ruler of Galilee. He was first mentioned in Mark in 6:14a. See how you translated “King Herod” there.

General Comment on 8:15a–b

In some languages it may be more natural to use indirect speech for Jesus’ words here. For example:

Jesus warned them earnestly to beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Herod.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

λέγων

saying

Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: [and he said]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

ὁρᾶτε, βλέπετε ἀπὸ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί διεστέλλετο αὐτοῖς λέγων Ὁρᾶτε βλέπετε ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καί τῆς ζύμης Ἡρῴδου)

The terms See and watch out for similar things. Jesus is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [Carefully watch out for] or [Keep away from]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ὁρᾶτε, βλέπετε

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί διεστέλλετο αὐτοῖς λέγων Ὁρᾶτε βλέπετε ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καί τῆς ζύμης Ἡρῴδου)

Here, the word See means that the disciples need to make sure that something happens or does not happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a similar form or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [Make sure that you watch out]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ τῆς ζύμης Ἡρῴδου

the leaven ˱of˲_the Pharisees ˱of˲_the leaven (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί διεστέλλετο αὐτοῖς λέγων Ὁρᾶτε βλέπετε ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καί τῆς ζύμης Ἡρῴδου)

Here, Jesus is using the possessive form to describe yeast that the Pharisees and Herod have or use. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [the yeast that the Pharisees and Sadducees have]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ τῆς ζύμης Ἡρῴδου

the leaven ˱of˲_the Pharisees ˱of˲_the leaven (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί διεστέλλετο αὐτοῖς λέγων Ὁρᾶτε βλέπετε ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καί τῆς ζύμης Ἡρῴδου)

Here, yeast is a metaphor that refers to what the Pharisees and Herod teach and do. However, the disciples did not immediately understand that Jesus was using a metaphor; instead, Jesus has to explain it to them in the following verses. So, you should preserve the metaphor here without explaining its meaning, since Jesus provides an explanation in the following verses.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

8:15 Matthew says that the yeast of the Pharisees refers to their false teaching (Matt 16:12). It could also refer to their unbelief and hardness of heart (Mark 8:10-13). The reference to Herod could point to his unwillingness to accept what he knew to be true (6:14, 16, 20).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 28605
    1. he was instructing
    2. -
    3. 12910
    5. diastellō
    6. V-IIM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ instructing
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ instructing
    9. -
    10. Y32; R26835; Person=Jesus
    11. 28607
    1. to them
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28608
    1. saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y32; R26835; Person=Jesus
    11. 28609
    1. Be seeing
    2. -
    3. 37080
    4. D
    5. horaō
    6. V-MPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ seeing
    8. ˓be˒ seeing
    9. D
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28610
    1. be watching out
    2. -
    3. 9910
    5. blepō
    6. V-MPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ watching_out
    8. ˓be˒ watching_out
    9. -
    10. Y32; R28501
    11. 28612
    1. for
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28613
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28614
    1. leaven
    2. -
    3. 22190
    5. zumē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. leaven
    8. leaven
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28615
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28616
    1. Farisaios party
    2. -
    3. 53300
    4. U
    5. farisaios
    6. N-····GMP
    7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
    8. Pharisees
    9. U
    10. Y32
    11. 28617
    1. and
    2. and
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28618
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28620
    1. leaven
    2. -
    3. 22190
    5. zumē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. leaven
    8. leaven
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 28621
    1. of Haʸrōdaʸs
    2. Herod
    3. 22640
    4. U
    5. ērōdēs
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Haʸrōdaʸs
    8. ˱of˲ Herod
    9. U
    10. Y32
    11. 28624

OET (OET-LV) And he_was_instructing to_them saying:
Be_seeing, be_watching_out for the leaven of_the Farisaios_party and of_the leaven of_Haʸrōdaʸs.

OET (OET-RV) He told them, “Watch out for the yeast of the Pharisees and of King Herod.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← MARK 8:15 ↑ → ► ║ ©