Open Bible Data Home  About  News  OET Key

OETOET-RVOET-LVULTUSTBSBMSBBLBAICNTOEBWEBBEWMBBNETLSVFBVTCNTT4TLEBBBEMoffJPSWymthASVDRAYLTDrbyRVSLTWbstrKJB-1769KJB-1611BshpsGnvaCvdlTNTWyclSR-GNTUHBBrLXXBrTrRelatedTopicsParallel Interlinear ReferenceDictionarySearch

InterlinearVerse GENEXOLEVNUMDEUJOBJOSJDGRUTH1 SAM2 SAMPSAAMOSHOS1 KI2 KI1 CHR2 CHRPROVECCSNGJOELMICISAZEPHABJERLAMYNA (JNA)NAHOBADANEZEEZRAESTNEHHAGZECMALLAOGESLESESGDNG2 PSTOBJDTWISSIRBARLJEPAZSUSBELMAN1 MAC2 MAC3 MAC4 MACYHN (JHN)MARKMATLUKEACTsYAC (JAM)GAL1 TH2 TH1 COR2 CORROMCOLPHMEPHPHP1 TIMTIT1 PET2 PET2 TIMHEBYUD (JUD)1 YHN (1 JHN)2 YHN (2 JHN)3 YHN (3 JHN)REV

Rev C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22

Rev 2 V1V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V13V14V15V16V18V19V20V21V22V23V24V25V26V27V28V29

OET interlinear REV 2:17

 REV 2:17 ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ho
    2. The one
    3. -
    4. 35880
    5. R····NMS
    6. the ‹one›
    7. the ‹one›
    8. S
    9. Y96
    10. 156329
    1. ἔχων
    2. eχō
    3. having
    4. wants understand
    5. 21920
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. having
    8. having
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156330
    1. οὖς
    2. ous
    3. +an ear
    4. -
    5. 37750
    6. N····ANS
    7. ˓an˒ ear
    8. ˓an˒ ear
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156331
    1. ἀκουσάτω
    2. akouō
    3. him let hear
    4. needs listen
    5. 1910
    6. VMAA3··S
    7. ˱him˲ ˓let˒ hear
    8. ˱him˲ ˓let˒ hear
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156332
    1. τί
    2. tis
    3. what
    4. -
    5. 51010
    6. R····ANS
    7. what
    8. what
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156333
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156334
    1. Πνεῦμα
    2. pneuma
    3. spirit
    4. spirit
    5. 41510
    6. N····NNS
    7. spirit
    8. Spirit
    9. GN
    10. Y96; Person=Holy_Spirit
    11. 156335
    1. λέγει
    2. legō
    3. is saying
    4. saying
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. ˓is˒ saying
    8. ˓is˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156336
    1. ταῖς
    2. ho
    3. to the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFP
    7. ˱to˲ the
    8. ˱to˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156337
    1. ἐκκλησίαις
    2. ekklēsia
    3. assemblies
    4. assemblies
    5. 15770
    6. N····DFP
    7. assemblies
    8. assemblies
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156338
    1. Τῷ
    2. ho
    3. To the one
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 156339
    1. νικοῦντί
    2. nikeō
    3. overcoming
    4. -
    5. 35280
    6. VPPA·DMS
    7. overcoming
    8. overcoming
    9. -
    10. Y96; F156342; F156352
    11. 156340
    1. δώσω
    2. didōmi
    3. I will be giving
    4. I'll
    5. 13250
    6. VIFA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    8. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    9. -
    10. Y96; R156211
    11. 156341
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. to him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y96; R156340
    11. 156342
    1. φαγεῖν
    2. esthiō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20680
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ eat
    8. ˓to˒ eat
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 156343
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 156344
    1. ἐκ
    2. ek
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15370
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 156345
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GNS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156346
    1. μάννα
    2. manna
    3. manna
    4. -
    5. 31310
    6. N····GNS
    7. manna
    8. manna
    9. -
    10. Y96; F156349
    11. 156347
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. which
    4. that
    5. 35880
    6. R····GNS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156348
    1. κεκρυμμένου
    2. kruptō
    3. having been hidden
    4. hidden
    5. 29280
    6. VPEP·GNS
    7. ˓having_been˒ hidden
    8. ˓having_been˒ hidden
    9. -
    10. Y96; R156347
    11. 156349
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156350
    1. δώσω
    2. didōmi
    3. I will be giving
    4. -
    5. 13250
    6. VIFA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    8. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    9. -
    10. Y96; R156211
    11. 156351
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. to him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y96; R156340
    11. 156352
    1. ψῆφον
    2. psēfos
    3. +a stone
    4. -
    5. 55860
    6. N····AFS
    7. ˓a˒ stone
    8. ˓a˒ stone
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156353
    1. λευκήν
    2. leukos
    3. white
    4. white
    5. 30220
    6. A····AFS
    7. white
    8. white
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156354
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156355
    1. ἐπί
    2. epi
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156356
    1. τήν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156357
    1. ψῆφον
    2. psēfos
    3. stone
    4. -
    5. 55860
    6. N····AFS
    7. stone
    8. stone
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156358
    1. ὄνομα
    2. onoma
    3. +a name
    4. name
    5. 36860
    6. N····ANS
    7. ˓a˒ name
    8. ˓a˒ name
    9. -
    10. Y96; F156361
    11. 156359
    1. καινόν
    2. kainos
    3. new
    4. -
    5. 25370
    6. A····ANS
    7. new
    8. new
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156360
    1. γεγραμμένον
    2. grafō
    3. having been written
    4. written
    5. 11250
    6. VPEP·ANS
    7. ˓having_been˒ written
    8. ˓having_been˒ written
    9. -
    10. Y96; R156359
    11. 156361
    1. hos
    2. which
    3. -
    4. 37390
    5. R····ANS
    6. which
    7. which
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156362
    1. οὐδείς
    2. oudeis
    3. no one
    4. Everyone Anyone
    5. 37620
    6. R····NMS
    7. no_one
    8. no_one
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156363
    1. οἶδεν
    2. eidō
    3. has known
    4. -
    5. 14920
    6. VIEA3··S
    7. ˓has˒ known
    8. ˓has˒ known
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156364
    1. ἔγνω
    2. ginōskō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 10970
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. knew
    8. knew
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 156365
    1. εἰ
    2. ei
    3. except
    4. -
    5. 14870
    6. C·······
    7. except
    8. except
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156366
    1. μή
    2. not/lest
    3. -
    4. 33610
    5. D·······
    6. ¬not/lest
    7. ¬not/lest
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156367
    1. ho
    2. the one
    3. -
    4. 35880
    5. R····NMS
    6. the ‹one›
    7. the ‹one›
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156368
    1. λαμβάνων
    2. lambanō
    3. receiving it
    4. receiving
    5. 29830
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. receiving ‹it›
    8. receiving ‹it›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 156369

OET (OET-LV)The one having an_ear, him_let_hear what the spirit is_saying to_the assemblies.
To_the one overcoming, I_will_be_giving to_him of_the manna which having_been_hidden, and I_will_be_giving to_him a_stone white, and on the stone a_name new having_been_written, which no_one has_known, except not/lest the one receiving it.

OET (OET-RV)Everyone who wants to understand needs to listen to what God’s spirit is saying to the assemblies.
¶ Anyone who stays true will be given hidden food from heaven, and I’ll give each of them a white stone with a new name written on it that no one knows apart from the person receiving it.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:12–17: Jesus spoke to the church at Pergamum

In this section, Jesus spoke to the people who believed in him at Pergamum. He saw that they had remained faithful to him despite opposition and persecution. But he warned them not to allow people believing in false teachings to remain in the church. He warned them to repent. Lastly, he gave a promise for any believer who persevered in his faith.

Translate this heading as you did for the messages to the churches at Ephesus and Smyrna.

2:17a

He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.

He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches: Translate this statement as you did in 2:11.

2:17b

To the one who overcomes, I will give the hidden manna.

To the one who overcomes: The clause To the one who overcomes is emphasized by being placed first in the sentence. If you have a natural way in your language to emphasize this clause, you may want to do so. See how you translated it in 2:7.

overcomes: The word overcomes means “triumphs” or “obtains/wins the victory.” Here the word refers to having success over sin, evil, and pressure to turn away from Jesus. Translate this phrase as you did in 2:7.

I will give the hidden manna: This is a figurative way to say that Jesus will give a spiritual blessing to the people who overcome. This spiritual blessing is probably having fellowship with him at the end of the age.

Manna is food, so it is implied that the people who overcome would eat it. In some languages it is more natural to include this implied information. For example:

I will give some of the hidden manna to eat

the hidden manna: The Greek word that the BSB translates as hidden refers to something that someone has concealed or put in a secret place. Jesus did not say who had hidden this manna. Probably God hid it or allowed it to remain hidden.

This word implies that no one else knows where it is. Therefore, it will be ready for Jesus to give at the right time.

Some ways to translate the hidden manna here are:

manna: The Greek word manna is the name of a food that God miraculously fed to the Israelites in the desert (Exodus 16). Manna was described as “thin flakes like frost” (Exodus 16:14). It was also described as “white like coriander seed and tasted like wafers made with honey” (Exodus 16:31).

In some languages people may not realize that manna refers to a food. It is also possible that the word might be mistaken for a similar word in your language with a different meaning. If that is true in your language, you should indicate that it refers to a food. For example:

food called manna

the heavenly food manna

You may also want to give more information in a footnote. An example footnote is:

Manna is the name of a food that God miraculously gave to the Israelites in the desert. (See Exodus 16.)

2:17c

I will also give him a white stone inscribed with a new name,

a white stone: The word stone probably refers to a small stone that easily fits in someone’s hand. The phrase a white stone probably symbolically refers to receiving permission to enter heaven, like receiving a ticket or pass to an event. Many English versions translate this literally.

You may want a footnote to explain the symbol. An example footnote is:

This white stone probably refers to symbolically receiving permission to enter heaven, something like receiving a ticket/pass.

inscribed with a new name: The clause inscribed with a new name is passive. Some languages must translate with an active clause or a phrase. For example:

with a new name that I/God wrote on it

with a new name on it

If you follow the second example, it should imply that someone wrote the name.

a new name: A name is already written on the stone when Jesus gives it to the believer. These verses do not say whose name it is. If possible, do not add any information about whose name it is. The new name is probably one that Jesus gives to the victorious believer. But the new name might be a new name of Jesus (3:12).

2:17d

known only to the one who receives it.

known only to the one who receives it: This clause refers back to the “new name” that is written on the stone in 2:17c. Only the person receiving the stone will know the name on it.

The BSB omits “that is” from the beginning of this clause, as is possible in English here. The Greek is more literally “no one knows except the one receiving it.” Some ways to translate it are:

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τοῦ μάννα τοῦ κεκρυμμένου

˱of˲_the manna ¬which ˓having_been˒_hidden

If your language does not use the passive form in this way for the word hidden manna, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [some manna that I have hidden]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὄνομα καινὸν γεγραμμένον

˓a˒_name (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ ἔχων οὖς ἀκουσάτω τί τό Πνεῦμα λέγει ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις Τῷ νικοῦντί δώσω αὐτῷ τοῦ μάννα τοῦ κεκρυμμένου καί δώσω αὐτῷ ψῆφον λευκήν καί ἐπί τήν ψῆφον ὄνομα καινόν γεγραμμένον ὅ οὐδείς οἶδεν εἰ μή ὁ λαμβάνων)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way for the word written, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [a new name that I have written]

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-exceptions

οὐδεὶς οἶδεν, εἰ μὴ ὁ λαμβάνων

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁ ἔχων οὖς ἀκουσάτω τί τό Πνεῦμα λέγει ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις Τῷ νικοῦντί δώσω αὐτῷ τοῦ μάννα τοῦ κεκρυμμένου καί δώσω αὐτῷ ψῆφον λευκήν καί ἐπί τήν ψῆφον ὄνομα καινόν γεγραμμένον ὅ οὐδείς οἶδεν εἰ μή ὁ λαμβάνων)

If it would appear in your language that Jesus is contradicting himself by saying that no one knows the new name but then saying that the one receiving it knows this name, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: [only the person receiving it knows]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

2:17 Those who remain faithful to Christ will receive manna, nourishment from heaven (see Exod 16:11-36).
• hidden away in heaven: During the Exodus, a jar of manna was placed in the Ark of the Covenant (Exod 16:33-36). Jewish tradition said that at the coming of the Messiah, the Ark would reappear and manna would be eaten at the messianic banquet. Jesus is the bread from heaven and the bread of life (John 6:32-35; cp. Exod 16:4-21).
• A white stone was often given to victors in athletic competitions, and it was common for special banquets or festivities to use a white stone for admission. It therefore suggests acceptance and victory.
• The new name probably refers to the recipient’s transformed nature in Christ (see Gen 17:5; 32:28; John 1:42).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. The one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. S
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMS
    7. the ‹one›
    8. the ‹one›
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 156329
    1. having
    2. wants understand
    3. 21920
    4. eχō
    5. V-PPA·NMS
    6. having
    7. having
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156330
    1. +an ear
    2. -
    3. 37750
    4. ous
    5. N-····ANS
    6. ˓an˒ ear
    7. ˓an˒ ear
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156331
    1. him let hear
    2. needs listen
    3. 1910
    4. akouō
    5. V-MAA3··S
    6. ˱him˲ ˓let˒ hear
    7. ˱him˲ ˓let˒ hear
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156332
    1. what
    2. -
    3. 51010
    4. tis
    5. R-····ANS
    6. what
    7. what
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156333
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. ho
    5. E-····NNS
    6. the
    7. the
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156334
    1. spirit
    2. spirit
    3. 41510
    4. GN
    5. pneuma
    6. N-····NNS
    7. spirit
    8. Spirit
    9. GN
    10. Y96; Person=Holy_Spirit
    11. 156335
    1. is saying
    2. saying
    3. 30040
    4. legō
    5. V-IPA3··S
    6. ˓is˒ saying
    7. ˓is˒ saying
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156336
    1. to the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. ho
    5. E-····DFP
    6. ˱to˲ the
    7. ˱to˲ the
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156337
    1. assemblies
    2. assemblies
    3. 15770
    4. ekklēsia
    5. N-····DFP
    6. assemblies
    7. assemblies
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156338
    1. To the one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. S
    5. ho
    6. R-····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 156339
    1. overcoming
    2. -
    3. 35280
    4. nikeō
    5. V-PPA·DMS
    6. overcoming
    7. overcoming
    8. -
    9. Y96; F156342; F156352
    10. 156340
    1. I will be giving
    2. I'll
    3. 13250
    4. didōmi
    5. V-IFA1··S
    6. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    7. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    8. -
    9. Y96; R156211
    10. 156341
    1. to him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    4. autos
    5. R-···3DMS
    6. ˱to˲ him
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. -
    9. Y96; R156340
    10. 156342
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. ho
    5. E-····GNS
    6. ˱of˲ the
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156346
    1. manna
    2. -
    3. 31310
    4. manna
    5. N-····GNS
    6. manna
    7. manna
    8. -
    9. Y96; F156349
    10. 156347
    1. which
    2. that
    3. 35880
    4. ho
    5. R-····GNS
    6. ¬which
    7. ¬which
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156348
    1. having been hidden
    2. hidden
    3. 29280
    4. kruptō
    5. V-PEP·GNS
    6. ˓having_been˒ hidden
    7. ˓having_been˒ hidden
    8. -
    9. Y96; R156347
    10. 156349
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. kai
    5. C-·······
    6. and
    7. and
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156350
    1. I will be giving
    2. -
    3. 13250
    4. didōmi
    5. V-IFA1··S
    6. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    7. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ giving
    8. -
    9. Y96; R156211
    10. 156351
    1. to him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    4. autos
    5. R-···3DMS
    6. ˱to˲ him
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. -
    9. Y96; R156340
    10. 156352
    1. +a stone
    2. -
    3. 55860
    4. psēfos
    5. N-····AFS
    6. ˓a˒ stone
    7. ˓a˒ stone
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156353
    1. white
    2. white
    3. 30220
    4. leukos
    5. A-····AFS
    6. white
    7. white
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156354
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. kai
    5. C-·······
    6. and
    7. and
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156355
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 19090
    4. epi
    5. P-·······
    6. on
    7. on
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156356
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. ho
    5. E-····AFS
    6. the
    7. the
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156357
    1. stone
    2. -
    3. 55860
    4. psēfos
    5. N-····AFS
    6. stone
    7. stone
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156358
    1. +a name
    2. name
    3. 36860
    4. onoma
    5. N-····ANS
    6. ˓a˒ name
    7. ˓a˒ name
    8. -
    9. Y96; F156361
    10. 156359
    1. new
    2. -
    3. 25370
    4. kainos
    5. A-····ANS
    6. new
    7. new
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156360
    1. having been written
    2. written
    3. 11250
    4. grafō
    5. V-PEP·ANS
    6. ˓having_been˒ written
    7. ˓having_been˒ written
    8. -
    9. Y96; R156359
    10. 156361
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 37390
    4. hos
    5. R-····ANS
    6. which
    7. which
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156362
    1. no one
    2. Everyone Anyone
    3. 37620
    4. oudeis
    5. R-····NMS
    6. no_one
    7. no_one
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156363
    1. has known
    2. -
    3. 14920
    4. eidō
    5. V-IEA3··S
    6. ˓has˒ known
    7. ˓has˒ known
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156364
    1. except
    2. -
    3. 14870
    4. ei
    5. C-·······
    6. except
    7. except
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156366
    1. not/lest
    2. -
    3. 33610
    4. D-·······
    5. ¬not/lest
    6. ¬not/lest
    7. -
    8. Y96
    9. 156367
    1. the one
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. ho
    5. R-····NMS
    6. the ‹one›
    7. the ‹one›
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156368
    1. receiving it
    2. receiving
    3. 29830
    4. lambanō
    5. V-PPA·NMS
    6. receiving ‹it›
    7. receiving ‹it›
    8. -
    9. Y96
    10. 156369

OET (OET-LV)The one having an_ear, him_let_hear what the spirit is_saying to_the assemblies.
To_the one overcoming, I_will_be_giving to_him of_the manna which having_been_hidden, and I_will_be_giving to_him a_stone white, and on the stone a_name new having_been_written, which no_one has_known, except not/lest the one receiving it.

OET (OET-RV)Everyone who wants to understand needs to listen to what God’s spirit is saying to the assemblies.
¶ Anyone who stays true will be given hidden food from heaven, and I’ll give each of them a white stone with a new name written on it that no one knows apart from the person receiving it.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET logo mark

 REV 2:17 ©