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1Sa C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C30C31

1Sa 25 V1V3V5V7V9V11V13V15V17V19V21V23V25V27V29V31V33V35V37V41V43

OET interlinear 1SA 25:39

 1SA 25:39 ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יִּשְׁמַע
    2. 201318,201319
    3. And he/it listened
    4. Then
    5. 8085
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_listened
    8. S
    9. Y-1060; TReign_of_Saul
    10. 139139
    1. דָּוִד
    2. 201320
    3. Dāvid
    4. David
    5. 1732
    6. S-Np
    7. David
    8. -
    9. Person=David
    10. 139140
    1. כִּי
    2. 201321
    3. if/because that
    4. -
    5. O-C
    6. if/because_that
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 139141
    1. מֵת
    2. 201322
    3. he had died
    4. died
    5. 4191
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_had_died
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139142
    1. נָבָל
    2. 201323
    3. Nāⱱāl
    4. ≈Nabal's
    5. 5037
    6. S-Np
    7. Nabal
    8. -
    9. Person=Nabal
    10. 139143
    1. וַ,יֹּאמֶר
    2. 201324,201325
    3. and he/it said
    4. said
    5. 559
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_said
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139144
    1. בָּרוּךְ
    2. 201326
    3. +be blessed
    4. -
    5. 1288
    6. V-Vqsmsa
    7. [be]_blessed
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139145
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 201327
    3. YHWH
    4. -
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. Yahweh
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139146
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 201328
    3. who
    4. -
    5. S-Tr
    6. who
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 139147
    1. רָב
    2. 201329
    3. he has conducted
    4. -
    5. 7378
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_has_conducted
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139148
    1. אֶת
    2. 201330
    3. DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-To
    7. DOM
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139149
    1. 201331
    2. -
    3. -
    4. -x-maqqef
    5. -
    6. -
    7. 139150
    1. רִיב
    2. 201332
    3. the case of
    4. -
    5. 7379
    6. O-Ncbsc
    7. the_case_of
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139151
    1. חֶרְפָּתִ,י
    2. 201333,201334
    3. reproach of my
    4. -
    5. 2781
    6. O-Ncfsc,Sp1cs
    7. reproach_of,my
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139152
    1. מִ,יַּד
    2. 201335,201336
    3. from hand of
    4. -
    5. 3027
    6. S-R,Ncbsc
    7. from,hand_of
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139153
    1. נָבָל
    2. 201337
    3. Nāⱱāl
    4. -
    5. 5037
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Nabal
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139154
    1. וְ,אֶת
    2. 201338,201339
    3. and DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. SO-C,To
    7. and=\untr DOM\untr*
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139155
    1. 201340
    2. -
    3. -
    4. -x-maqqef
    5. -
    6. -
    7. 139156
    1. עַבְדּ,וֹ
    2. 201341,201342
    3. servant of his
    4. servant
    5. 5650
    6. O-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    7. servant_of,his
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139157
    1. חָשַׂךְ
    2. 201343
    3. he has restrained
    4. -
    5. 2820
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_has_restrained
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139158
    1. מֵ,רָעָה
    2. 201344,201345
    3. from evil
    4. -
    5. S-R,Ncfsa
    6. from,evil
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 139159
    1. וְ,אֵת
    2. 201346,201347
    3. and DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. SO-C,To
    7. and=\untr DOM\untr*
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139160
    1. רָעַת
    2. 201348
    3. the evil of
    4. -
    5. O-Ncfsc
    6. the_evil_of
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 139161
    1. נָבָל
    2. 201349
    3. Nāⱱāl
    4. -
    5. 5037
    6. O-Np
    7. of_Nabal
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139162
    1. הֵשִׁיב
    2. 201350
    3. he has turned back
    4. -
    5. 7725
    6. V-Vhp3ms
    7. he_has_turned_back
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139163
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 201351
    3. YHWH
    4. -
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. Yahweh
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139164
    1. בְּ,רֹאשׁ,וֹ
    2. 201352,201353,201354
    3. in/on/at/with head of his own
    4. -
    5. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    6. in/on/at/with,head_of,his_own
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 139165
    1. וַ,יִּשְׁלַח
    2. 201355,201356
    3. and sent
    4. sent
    5. 7971
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and,sent
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139166
    1. דָּוִד
    2. 201357
    3. Dāvid
    4. -
    5. 1732
    6. S-Np
    7. David
    8. -
    9. Person=David
    10. 139167
    1. וַ,יְדַבֵּר
    2. 201358,201359
    3. and he/it spoke
    4. -
    5. 1696
    6. SV-C,Vpw3ms
    7. and=he/it_spoke
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139168
    1. בַּ,אֲבִיגַיִל
    2. 201360,201361
    3. in/on/at/with ʼAⱱīgayil
    4. Abigail
    5. 26
    6. S-R,Np
    7. in/on/at/with,Abigail
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139169
    1. לְ,קַחְתָּ,הּ
    2. 201362,201363,201364
    3. to take her
    4. -
    5. 3947
    6. VO-R,Vqc,Sp3fs
    7. to,take,her
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139170
    1. ל,וֹ
    2. 201365,201366
    3. to him/it
    4. -
    5. S-R,Sp3ms
    6. to=him/it
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 139171
    1. לְ,אִשָּׁה
    2. 201367,201368
    3. to/for (a) woman
    4. -
    5. 802
    6. S-R,Ncfsa
    7. to/for=(a)_woman
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 139172
    1. 201369
    2. -
    3. -
    4. -x-sof-pasuq
    5. -
    6. -
    7. 139173

OET (OET-LV)And_ Dāvid _he/it_listened if/because_that Nāⱱāl he_had_died and_he/it_said YHWH be_blessed who he_has_conducted DOM the_case_of reproach_of_my from_hand_of Nāⱱāl and_DOM servant_of_his he_has_restrained from_evil and_DOM the_evil_of Nāⱱāl YHWH he_has_turned_back in/on/at/with_head_of_his_own and_ Dāvid _sent and_he/it_spoke in/on/at/with_ʼAⱱīgayil to_take_her to_him/it to/for_(a)_woman.

OET (OET-RV)When David heard that Nabal had died, he said, “Blessed be Yahweh, who has judged the case of Nabal’s insult and has prevented his servant from doing the wrong thing. And Yahweh has repaid Nabal for his own evil.”
¶ Then David sent messengers to Abigail about taking her as a wife.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

בָּר֣וּךְ יְהוָ֡ה

blessed YHWH

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. See how you translated the similar expression in [25:32](../25/32.md). Alternate translation: [I bless Yahweh]

Note 2 topic: writing-poetry

אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָב֩ אֶת־רִ֨יב חֶרְפָּתִ֜⁠י מִ⁠יַּ֣ד & נָבָ֔ל

which/who judged DOM cause_of reproach_of,my from,hand_of & Nāⱱāl

David is using a construction in which a verb and its object come from the same root to emphasize how completely Yahweh has defended him. See how you translated the similar expression "conduct my case" in [24:15](../24/15.md). Alternate translation: [who has defended me after my reproach from the hand of Nabal]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

חֶרְפָּתִ֜⁠י מִ⁠יַּ֣ד & נָבָ֔ל

reproach_of,my from,hand_of & Nāⱱāl

David is using one part of Nabal, his hand, to mean all of him in the act of insulting David by refusing his request. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [Nabal insulting me by refusing to give me anything]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

עַבְדּ⁠וֹ֙

servant_of,his

David is speaking about himself in relation to Yahweh humbly in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: [me, his servant]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

נָבָל֒ & וְ⁠אֵת֙ רָעַ֣ת & הֵשִׁ֥יב יְהוָ֖ה בְּ⁠רֹאשׁ֑⁠וֹ

Nāⱱāl & and=DOM evil & returned YHWH in/on/at/with,head_of,his_own

David is speaking of Nabal’s evil as if it were an object that Yahweh could have brought back to him and placed on his head. He means that Yahweh has caused the consequences of those actions to affect him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [And because Nabal did something bad to me, Yahweh made something bad happen to him]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / hendiadys

וַ⁠יִּשְׁלַ֤ח דָּוִד֙ וַ⁠יְדַבֵּ֣ר

and,sent Dāvid and=he/it_spoke

This expression conveys a single idea by using two words connected with and. The word sent tells by what means David spoke to Abigail, by sending messengers. Alternate translation: [And David sent people to speak]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

25:39 Nabal’s death was God’s punishment for his sin. David could not be accused of vengeful murder.
• David lost no time in asking Abigail to become his wife. She had already shown herself to be a woman of good sense, and she was also beautiful (25:3).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And
    2. Then
    3. 1922,7540
    4. 201318,201319
    5. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    6. S
    7. Y-1060; TReign_of_Saul
    8. 139139
    1. Dāvid
    2. David
    3. 1688
    4. 201320
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. Person=David
    8. 139140
    1. he/it listened
    2. Then
    3. 1922,7540
    4. 201318,201319
    5. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    6. S
    7. Y-1060; TReign_of_Saul
    8. 139139
    1. if/because that
    2. -
    3. 3346
    4. 201321
    5. O-C
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139141
    1. Nāⱱāl
    2. ≈Nabal's
    3. 4936
    4. 201323
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. Person=Nabal
    8. 139143
    1. he had died
    2. died
    3. 4697
    4. 201322
    5. V-Vqp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139142
    1. and he/it said
    2. said
    3. 1922,695
    4. 201324,201325
    5. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139144
    1. YHWH
    2. -
    3. 3238
    4. 201327
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139146
    1. +be blessed
    2. -
    3. 1210
    4. 201326
    5. V-Vqsmsa
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139145
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 255
    4. 201328
    5. S-Tr
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139147
    1. he has conducted
    2. -
    3. 6830
    4. 201329
    5. V-Vqp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139148
    1. DOM
    2. -
    3. 363
    4. 201330
    5. O-To
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139149
    1. the case of
    2. -
    3. 6830
    4. 201332
    5. O-Ncbsc
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139151
    1. reproach of my
    2. -
    3. 2339
    4. 201333,201334
    5. O-Ncfsc,Sp1cs
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139152
    1. from hand of
    2. -
    3. 3875,3102
    4. 201335,201336
    5. S-R,Ncbsc
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139153
    1. Nāⱱāl
    2. -
    3. 4936
    4. 201337
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139154
    1. and DOM
    2. -
    3. 1922,363
    4. 201338,201339
    5. SO-C,To
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139155
    1. servant of his
    2. servant
    3. 5536
    4. 201341,201342
    5. O-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139157
    1. he has restrained
    2. -
    3. 2589
    4. 201343
    5. V-Vqp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139158
    1. from evil
    2. -
    3. 3875,7038
    4. 201344,201345
    5. S-R,Ncfsa
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139159
    1. and DOM
    2. -
    3. 1922,363
    4. 201346,201347
    5. SO-C,To
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139160
    1. the evil of
    2. -
    3. 7038
    4. 201348
    5. O-Ncfsc
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139161
    1. Nāⱱāl
    2. -
    3. 4936
    4. 201349
    5. O-Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139162
    1. YHWH
    2. -
    3. 3238
    4. 201351
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139164
    1. he has turned back
    2. -
    3. 7647
    4. 201350
    5. V-Vhp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139163
    1. in/on/at/with head of his own
    2. -
    3. 844,7073
    4. 201352,201353,201354
    5. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139165
    1. and
    2. sent
    3. 1922,7519
    4. 201355,201356
    5. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139166
    1. Dāvid
    2. -
    3. 1688
    4. 201357
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. Person=David
    8. 139167
    1. sent
    2. sent
    3. 1922,7519
    4. 201355,201356
    5. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139166
    1. and he/it spoke
    2. -
    3. 1922,1564
    4. 201358,201359
    5. SV-C,Vpw3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139168
    1. in/on/at/with ʼAⱱīgayil
    2. Abigail
    3. 844,81
    4. 201360,201361
    5. S-R,Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139169
    1. to take her
    2. -
    3. 3570,3689
    4. 201362,201363,201364
    5. VO-R,Vqc,Sp3fs
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139170
    1. to him/it
    2. -
    3. 3570
    4. 201365,201366
    5. S-R,Sp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139171
    1. to/for (a) woman
    2. -
    3. 3570,307
    4. 201367,201368
    5. S-R,Ncfsa
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 139172

OET (OET-LV)And_ Dāvid _he/it_listened if/because_that Nāⱱāl he_had_died and_he/it_said YHWH be_blessed who he_has_conducted DOM the_case_of reproach_of_my from_hand_of Nāⱱāl and_DOM servant_of_his he_has_restrained from_evil and_DOM the_evil_of Nāⱱāl YHWH he_has_turned_back in/on/at/with_head_of_his_own and_ Dāvid _sent and_he/it_spoke in/on/at/with_ʼAⱱīgayil to_take_her to_him/it to/for_(a)_woman.

OET (OET-RV)When David heard that Nabal had died, he said, “Blessed be Yahweh, who has judged the case of Nabal’s insult and has prevented his servant from doing the wrong thing. And Yahweh has repaid Nabal for his own evil.”
¶ Then David sent messengers to Abigail about taking her as a wife.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

 1SA 25:39 ©