YHN 13:25 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἀναπεσών
2. anapiptō
3. -
4. -
5. 3770
6. VPAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ sat_down
8. ˓having˒ sat_down
9. -
10. -
11. 75362
1. Ἐπιπεσών
2. epipiptō
3. Having leaned back
4. leaned
5. 19680
6. VPAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ leaned_back
8. ˓having˒ leaned_back
9. S
10. Y33
11. 75363
1. οὖν
2. oun
3. therefore
4. -
5. 37670
6. C·······
7. therefore
8. therefore
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75364
1. δέ
2. de
3. -
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 75365
1. ἐκεῖνος
2. ekeinos
3. that one
4. -
5. 15650
6. R····NMS
7. that ‹one›
8. that ‹one›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75366
1. οὕτως
2. houtōs
3. thus
4. -
5. 37790
6. D·······
7. thus
8. thus
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75367
1. ἐπί
2. epi
3. on
4. -
5. 19090
6. P·······
7. on
8. on
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75368
1. τό
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····ANS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75369
1. στῆθος
2. stēthos
3. chest
4. -
5. 47380
6. N····ANS
7. chest
8. chest
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75370
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75371
1. Ἰησοῦ
2. iēsous
3. of Yaʸsous
4. -
5. 24240
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
8. ˱of˲ Jesus
9. UN
10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F75374
11. 75372
1. λέγει
2. legō
3. is saying
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˓is˒ saying
8. ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75373
1. αὐτῷ
2. autos
3. to him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3DMS
7. ˱to˲ him
8. ˱to˲ him
9. -
10. Y33; R75372; Person=Jesus
11. 75374
1. Κύριε
2. kurios
3. master
4. “Master
5. 29620
6. N····VMS
7. master
8. Lord
9. GVDN
10. Y33
11. 75375
1. τίς
2. tis
3. who
4. -
5. 51010
6. R····NMS
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75376
1. ἐστίν
2. eimi
3. is it
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱it˲ is
8. ˱it˲ is
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75377

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:21–30: Jesus predicted that someone would betray him

In this section Jesus told his disciples that one of them would betray him. The disciples wondered who he meant. Jesus showed them by giving a piece of bread to Judas. Judas then left the room.

Here are some other possible section headings:

Jesus predicted that one of his disciples would betray him

Jesus knew one of his disciples would oppose him

Paragraph 13:21–30

The Jewish custom at meals was to have several couches arranged in a U-shape around the table. The guests reclined (leaned) on the couches around the table, leaning on their left elbow. Jesus was probably in the center, and John was on Jesus’ right. In this paragraph Peter told John to ask Jesus who would betray him. Jesus said that the person to whom he gave bread would be the one who would betray him. He gave the bread to Judas.

13:25

Leaning back against Jesus, he asked, “Lord, who is it?”

That disciple leaned over to Jesus and said to him, “Lord, who are you talking about?”
The other/beloved disciple bent back toward Jesus and asked him who it was who would do this.

The Greek begins this verse with a conjunction that some translations translate as “So” (see the NRSV). It introduces what John did as a result of what Simon Peter asked him to do. Some translations leave this word implied. Here is another way to translate this word:

Then (NET)

Leaning back against Jesus: There are two ways to understand the Greek text that the BSB translates as Leaning back against Jesus:

It refers to an action—the disciple leaned or bent back, toward Jesus. For example:
So that disciple leaned over to Jesus (NLT) (BSB, NIV, NCV, NLT, NJB, ESV, REB, NET, GW, CEV)
It describes the position that disciple was already in. For example:
leaning back thus on Jesus’ bosom (NASB) (RSV, NRSV, KJV, NASB)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and most English translations. The disciple was reclining right in front of Jesus, and he just bent back to talk to him privately.

Leaning back against Jesus: The Greek text is more literally “leaning in that way on the chest of Jesus.” In some languages it may be natural to refer to Jesus’ “front” or “shoulder” rather than his chest. Or you may want to leave this detail implied. For example:

leaned over on Jesus’ shoulder (JBP)

In some languages it may be natural to translate this as an independent clause. For example:

That follower leaned closer to Jesus (NCV)

he asked: The pronoun he refers to John. The Greek has the pronoun “him” that refers to Jesus. In some languages it may be natural to make this explicit. For example:

the disciple leaned toward Jesus and asked (CEV)

So that disciple moved closer to Jesus’ side and asked (GNT)

Then the disciple whom Jesus loved leaned back against Jesus’ chest and asked him (NET)

Lord: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Lord means “master,” or “one who has authority over others.” People used this word as a polite title when they spoke to an elder or someone in authority. However, the Jews also used this same title to refer to God. Use a term in your language that could also be used in this way. See how you translated this in 13:6 and 13:9.

who is it?: This question is short for “who will betray you?”

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐκεῖνος & λέγει

that_‹one› & ˓is˒_saying

Here, that one refers to John, who calls himself the disciple “whom Jesus loved” in [13:23](../13/23.md). You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [that disciple whom Jesus loved says] or [I say]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

λέγει

˓is˒_saying

[13:28](../13/28.md) indicates that the disciples did not know why Jesus spoke to Judas in the way he did. This means that they must not have heard the conversation in this verse and the next, because John and Jesus were speaking quietly. If it would be more natural in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [said in a quite voice]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

λέγει

˓is˒_saying

Here John uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. therefore
2. -
3. 37670
5. oun
6. C-·······
7. therefore
8. therefore
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75364
1. that one
2. -
3. 15650
5. ekeinos
6. R-····NMS
7. that ‹one›
8. that ‹one›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75366
1. Having leaned back
2. leaned
3. 19680
4. S
5. epipiptō
6. V-PAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ leaned_back
8. ˓having˒ leaned_back
9. S
10. Y33
11. 75363
1. thus
2. -
3. 37790
5. houtōs
6. D-·······
7. thus
8. thus
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75367
1. on
2. -
3. 19090
5. epi
6. P-·······
7. on
8. on
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75368
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····ANS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75369
1. chest
2. -
3. 47380
5. stēthos
6. N-····ANS
7. chest
8. chest
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75370
1. of
2. -
3. 24240
4. UN
5. iēsous
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
8. ˱of˲ Jesus
9. UN
10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F75374
11. 75372
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75371
1. Yaʸsous
2. -
3. 24240
4. UN
5. iēsous
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
8. ˱of˲ Jesus
9. UN
10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F75374
11. 75372
1. is saying
2. -
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IPA3··S
7. ˓is˒ saying
8. ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75373
1. to him
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3DMS
7. ˱to˲ him
8. ˱to˲ him
9. -
10. Y33; R75372; Person=Jesus
11. 75374
1. master
2. “Master
3. 29620
4. GVDN
5. kurios
6. N-····VMS
7. master
8. Lord
9. GVDN
10. Y33
11. 75375
1. who
2. -
3. 51010
5. tis
6. R-····NMS
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75376
1. is it
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IPA3··S
7. ˱it˲ is
8. ˱it˲ is
9. -
10. Y33
11. 75377

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 13:25

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 13:21–30: Jesus predicted that someone would betray him

Paragraph 13:21–30

13:25

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)