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OET (OET-LV) How he_came_in into the house of_ the _god, and they_ate the bread of_the presence, which it_was not permitting for_him to_eat, nor for_the ones with him, except only not/lest for_the priests?
OET (OET-RV) He went into God’s tent and they ate the Bread of the Presence which none of them were allowed to eat—only the priests.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ
the house ¬the ˱of˲_God
Here Jesus uses the phrase the house of God to refer to the tabernacle, the place where God’s presence was. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [the tabernacle] or [the sanctuary]
Note 2 topic: translate-unknown
τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως
the bread ˱of˲_the Presence
The phrase the loaves of the Presence refers to loaves of bread that were placed every day on a table in the tabernacle or temple as an offering to God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [the loaves that were presented to God] or [the bread that was placed in God’s presence every morning]
Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-exceptions
εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν μόνοις
except ¬not/lest ˱for˲_the priests only
Here Jesus indicates that the only people who were allowed to eat this bread were the priests. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that introduces this kind of exception. Alternate translation: [since only the priests could eat it] or [which was lawful only for the priests to eat]
12:1-14 Matthew places Jesus’ offer of rest (11:28-30) in close connection with a discussion of the Sabbath. Jesus’ rest liberates people from human traditions concerning the Sabbath (cp. Heb 4:1-11). The Pharisees rejected Jesus because of their commitment to tradition.
OET (OET-LV) How he_came_in into the house of_ the _god, and they_ate the bread of_the presence, which it_was not permitting for_him to_eat, nor for_the ones with him, except only not/lest for_the priests?
OET (OET-RV) He went into God’s tent and they ate the Bread of the Presence which none of them were allowed to eat—only the priests.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.