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Prov C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31

Prov 28 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28

OET interlinear PROV 28:12

◄ ← PROV 28:12 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. בַּ,עֲלֹץ
    2. 397354,397355
    3. When rejoice
    4. triumph
    5. 5970
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. when,rejoice
    8. S
    9. Y-700
    10. 277256
    1. צַדִּיקִים
    2. 397356
    3. righteous people
    4. ≈godly
    5. 6662
    6. S-Aampa
    7. righteous_[people]
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277257
    1. רַבָּה
    2. 397357
    3. great
    4. great
    6. P-Aafsa
    7. great
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277258
    1. תִפְאָרֶת
    2. 397358
    3. glory
    4. -
    5. 8597
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. glory
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277259
    1. וּ,בְ,קוּם
    2. 397359,397360,397361
    3. and when arise
    4. -
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    7. and,when,arise
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277260
    1. רְשָׁעִים
    2. 397362
    3. wicked people
    4. wicked
    5. 7563
    6. S-Aampa
    7. wicked_[people]
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277261
    1. יְחֻפַּשׂ
    2. 397363
    3. he is searched for
    4. -
    5. 2664
    6. V-VPi3ms
    7. he_is_searched_for
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277262
    1. אָדָם
    2. 397364
    3. everyone
    4. -
    5. 120
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. everyone
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277263
    2. 397365
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 277264

OET (OET-LV) When_rejoice righteous_people great glory and_when_arise wicked_people everyone he_is_searched_for.

OET (OET-RV) When godly people triumph, there’s great celebration,
 ⇔ ^ but when it’s the wicked, people hide.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 25:1–29:27: This is Hezekiah’s collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the second collection of Solomon’s proverbs. These proverbs were organized and copied by men who served King Hezekiah. Most scholars divide this section into two groups. These groups differ in several ways.

The first group (chapters 25–27) has many more comparisons and admonitions. In Hebrew, most of these comparisons are metaphors in which one or more illustrations precede the topic. Some English versions change the order so that the topic precedes the illustration(s). You should follow the order that expresses the meaning naturally and effectively in your language.

In the first group, many proverbs are one verse long. As with the individual proverbs in the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs (Section 10:1–22:16), they are not related to the proverbs around them. Other proverbs in this group are two or more verses long. Still others are one-verse proverbs that are closely related in theme. Proverbs in all three categories will be marked as separate paragraphs.

The second group (chapters 28–29) has more contrastive proverbs. The proverbs in this group are each one verse long. They will not be marked as separate paragraphs.

Some other headings for this section are:

More Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

Proverbs of Solomon Collected by Hezekiah (NET)

These are also wise things that Solomon said

28:12

This proverb contrasts the reactions of the people of a town or country (parts in bold print) when rulers of contrasting character gain control of the government (underlined parts).

12a When the righteous triumph, there is great glory,

12bbut when the wicked rise, men hide themselves.

28:12a–b

When the righteous triumph…when the wicked rise: In these parallel clauses, the words triumph and rise have the same meaning. You may use different words/phrases in each clause, as the BSB has done. For example:

When good people come to power…when bad people rule (GNT)

You may also use the same word/phrase if that is more natural in your language. For example:

When a person who does what is right begins to rule/govern…when a person who does what is wrong begins to rule/govern

These clauses do not state how these contrasting rulers win political power. They may inherit their position, win an election, or take over the government by force. Translate in a way that will allow any of these options. See the following notes on this verse for more translation advice.

28:12a

When the righteous triumph, there is great glory,

When the righteous triumph: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as triumph indicates here that righteous people gain political power or control.The Hebrew word that is used here usually means “rejoice.” This meaning is followed by NJPS (“exult”) and NET (“rejoice”). It is supported by Fox, Longman, Whybray, Murphy, Cohen, and McKane. All other English versions used in the Notes translate this word with a meaning similar to “triumph.” NIDOTTE (H6636) comments that it refers here to the celebration that occurs “when the righteous triumph over the wicked.” UBS (p. 593) points out that a translation such as “triumph” is necessary to fit the parallel verb “rise” in the second line. Kidner (p. 170) defines “rejoice” (AV) as “have cause to rejoice” and gives RSV “triumph” as an example of this meaning. Other scholars who support this meaning include Waltke, Hubbard, Ross, Delitzsch, Garrett, Toy, and Scott. Some other ways to translate this clause are:

When a just person wins and takes control of the government

When people who do what is right become the rulers

there is great glory: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as glory means, in this context, that the inhabitants celebrate and are very happy.Several other English versions also translate this phrase literally as “great glory,” but in English and many other languages, such a translation could easily be misunderstood to refer to the praise or fame of the righteous or of the country they rule. Of the English versions that do not translate this phrase literally, all have a meaning similar to “celebration” or “happiness.” Fox, UBS, and Hubbard support this sense of the word. Some other ways to translate this clause are:

there is great happiness (NCV)

it’s time to celebrate (CEV)

morale is high (REB)

28:12b

but when the wicked rise, men hide themselves.

but when the wicked rise: In Hebrew, the word rise in this context implies a rise to power. For example:

but when the wicked get control (NCV)

When the wicked take charge (NLT)

men: In this context, the word men refers to everyone in a group of people. Some other ways to translate it are:

people (NRSV)

everybody (NCV)

the citizens/inhabitants

hide themselves: In Hebrew, this phrase is more literally “are searched for.”The word used here in the MT is the rare Pual form that means “is searched for.” Some scholars favor changing this word to the Hithpael form that means “hides oneself.” These scholars include Whybray and Toy. Most other scholars prefer the MT. They think that the Pual form should be translated here with the same meaning as the Hithpael in light of the context. Several scholars, e.g., McKane (p. 624) and Waltke (p. 396), mention an Arabic cognate suggested by Driver that means “trampled,” but no scholars support this textual choice. The REB (“are downtrodden”) is the only English version that follows it. Most scholars and versions agree that in this context it means that people hide themselves. This meaning is parallel to 28:28a. See the note there. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

hide themselves (ESV)

take cover (NJB)

stay in hiding (GNT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

רַבָּ֣ה תִפְאָ֑רֶת

enough/great(fs) glory

Here, splendor could refer to: (1) people rejoicing or celebrating that righteous ones have become powerful. Alternate translation: “there is great celebration” (2) the rule of the righteous ones being glorious. Alternate translation: “it is very glorious”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

בַּ⁠עֲלֹ֣ץ צַ֭דִּיקִים

when,rejoice righteous

Here Solomon implies that wicked ones exult because they have become prosperous or powerful. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “When righteous ones become prosperous”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וּ⁠בְ⁠ק֥וּם רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים

and,when,arise wicked

Here Solomon speaks of wicked ones becoming powerful as if they were objects that could arise. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but when wicked ones become prosperous”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם

hide humankind

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people search for a man”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם

hide humankind

Here, a man refers to people in general, not a specific man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any person is searched for”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם

hide humankind

Here Solomon implies that a man is searched for because everyone has hidden themselves to escape from the powerful wicked ones. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “everyone hides from them”

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. When rejoice
    2. triumph
    3. 846,5944
    5. 397354,397355
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. S
    9. Y-700
    10. 277256
    1. righteous people
    2. ≈godly
    3. 6599
    5. 397356
    6. S-Aampa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277257
    1. great
    2. great
    3. 7191
    5. 397357
    6. P-Aafsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277258
    1. glory
    2. -
    3. 8243
    5. 397358
    6. S-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277259
    1. and when arise
    2. -
    3. 1987,846,7037
    5. 397359,397360,397361
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277260
    1. wicked people
    2. wicked
    3. 7351
    5. 397362
    6. S-Aampa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277261
    1. everyone
    2. -
    3. 638
    5. 397364
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277263
    1. he is searched for
    2. -
    3. 2609
    5. 397363
    6. V-VPi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277262

OET (OET-LV) When_rejoice righteous_people great glory and_when_arise wicked_people everyone he_is_searched_for.

OET (OET-RV) When godly people triumph, there’s great celebration,
 ⇔ ^ but when it’s the wicked, people hide.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 28:12 ↑ → ► ║ ©