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Prov 28 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28

OET interlinear PROV 28:16

◄ ← PROV 28:16 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. נָגִיד
    2. 397402
    3. A ruler
    4. ruler
    5. 5057
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. a_ruler
    8. S
    9. Y-700
    10. 277294
    1. חֲסַר
    2. 397403
    3. lacking of
    4. lacking
    5. 2638
    6. P-Aamsc
    7. lacking_of
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277295
    1. תְּבוּנוֹת
    2. 397404
    3. understanding(s)
    4. understanding
    5. 8394
    6. P-Ncfpa
    7. understanding(s)
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277296
    1. וְ,רַב
    2. 397405,397406
    3. and great of
    4. -
    6. P-C,Aamsc
    7. and,great_of
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277297
    1. מַעֲשַׁקּוֹת
    2. 397407
    3. extortion(s)
    4. -
    5. 4642
    6. P-Ncfpa
    7. extortion(s)
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277298
    1. שנאי
    2. 397408
    3. one who hates
    4. hates
    5. 8130
    6. S-Vqrmpc
    7. [one_who]_hates
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277299
    2. 397409
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 277300
    1. בֶצַע
    2. 397410
    3. unjust gain
    4. -
    5. 1215
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. unjust_gain
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277301
    1. יַאֲרִיךְ
    2. 397411
    3. he will prolong
    4. -
    5. 748
    6. V-Vhi3ms
    7. he_will_prolong
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277302
    1. יָמִים
    2. 397412
    3. days
    4. -
    5. 3117
    6. O-Ncmpa
    7. days
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277303
    2. 397413
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 277304
    2. 397414
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-pe
    8. S
    9. -
    10. 277305

OET (OET-LV) A_ruler lacking_of understanding(s) and_great_of extortion(s) one_who_hates[fn] unjust_gain he_will_prolong days.

28:16 OSHB variant note: שנאי: (x-qere) ’שֹׂ֥נֵא’: lemma_8130 morph_HVqrmsa id_2052N שֹׂ֥נֵא

OET (OET-RV) A ruler lacking understanding can become an oppressor.
 ⇔ The person who hates dishonest gain will have a longer life.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 25:1–29:27: This is Hezekiah’s collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the second collection of Solomon’s proverbs. These proverbs were organized and copied by men who served King Hezekiah. Most scholars divide this section into two groups. These groups differ in several ways.

The first group (chapters 25–27) has many more comparisons and admonitions. In Hebrew, most of these comparisons are metaphors in which one or more illustrations precede the topic. Some English versions change the order so that the topic precedes the illustration(s). You should follow the order that expresses the meaning naturally and effectively in your language.

In the first group, many proverbs are one verse long. As with the individual proverbs in the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs (Section 10:1–22:16), they are not related to the proverbs around them. Other proverbs in this group are two or more verses long. Still others are one-verse proverbs that are closely related in theme. Proverbs in all three categories will be marked as separate paragraphs.

The second group (chapters 28–29) has more contrastive proverbs. The proverbs in this group are each one verse long. They will not be marked as separate paragraphs.

Some other headings for this section are:

More Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

Proverbs of Solomon Collected by Hezekiah (NET)

These are also wise things that Solomon said

28:16

This proverb contrasts a ruler who lacks understanding with a ruler who hates unjust gain:

16aA leader who lacks judgment is also a great oppressor,

16bbut he who hates dishonest profit will prolong his days.

It is implied by the parallelism that an oppressive ruler will not enjoy a long life. It is also implied that a ruler who hates unjust gain has good understanding.

28:16a

A leader who lacks judgment is also a great oppressor,

There are two main ways to interpret the structure of this line:

  1. This line is about a ruler who lacks understanding. This kind of ruler oppresses his people. For example:

    A prince who lacks understanding is very oppressive (NJPS) (BSB, ESV, GW, NCV, NAB, NJB, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, GNT)

  2. This line is about a ruler who oppresses his people. This kind of ruler lacks understanding. For example:

    A leader who is a great oppressor lacks understanding (NASB) (CEV, NASB, NET, NIV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), along with most versions and scholars.

leader: The word leader can refer here to any high official or leader.

judgment: In Hebrew, this word refers to a person’s good sense or competence. See understanding (good sense) in the Glossary.

a great oppressor: In Hebrew, this phrase is more literally “great of oppression/extortion” or a great oppressor, as in the BSB.See BART and footnote (a) in the NET. Most versions translate this Hebrew word with a word such as “oppress,” oppressor,” or “oppression.” Most lexicons gloss the word as “extortion” or “exploitation.” It refers to a person who severely oppresses the people under his rule. He may do this in many ways, including making them work as slaves, taking their land, or taxing them unfairly.See NIDOTTE (H5131) for further discussion of common types of oppression and extortion. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

a cruel tyrant (GNT)

is very oppressive (NJPS)

causes extreme hardship/suffering

28:16b

but he who hates dishonest profit will prolong his days.

but he who hates dishonest profit: This phrase refers to someone who hates or rejects wealth that is gained dishonestly or unfairly. He refuses to tolerate or accept it. Some ways to translate this phrase are:

but those who hate unjust gain (GW)

but one who hates corruption (NLT)

but anyone who refuses to get rich by cheating others (CEV)

will prolong his days: The Hebrew phrase that the BSB translates literally as will prolong his days can be interpreted in two ways:

  1. It refers to a long life. For example:

    will live long (NJPS)

    will have a long life (NLT) (CEV, GW, NIV, NJPS, NLT, NRSV, REB)

  2. It refers to a long rule. For example:

    will rule a long time (NCV) (NCV, NIV11, GNT)

Versions that translate the phrase literally, including the BSB and several other English versions (ESV, NASB, NET), could be referring to either the days of a leader’s life or the days of his rule. If you have a phrase in your language that can be interpreted either way, you may use it. If you need to choose one interpretation, it is recommended that you choose interpretation (1).

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

נָגִ֗יד & שֹׂ֥נֵא

ruler & (Some words not found in UHB: ruler lacks_of understanding and,great_of oppressor hates unjust_gain prolong days )

A leader and one who hates refer to types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any leader … any person who hates”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

תְּ֭בוּנוֹת

understanding

See how you translated the abstract noun understanding in [1:2](../01/02.md).

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

וְ⁠רַ֥ב מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת

and,great_of oppressor

Here Solomon is using the possessive form to describe an abundant number of oppressive acts. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “does many oppressive acts”

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

שֹׂ֥נֵא

(Some words not found in UHB: ruler lacks_of understanding and,great_of oppressor hates unjust_gain prolong days )

This clause is a strong contrast to the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a contrast. Alternate translation: “however, one who hates”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

בֶ֝֗צַע

unjust_gain

See how you translated this phrase in [1:19](../01/19.md).

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

יַאֲרִ֥יךְ יָמִֽים

prolong days

See how you translated the similar phrase “length of days” in [3:2](../03/02.md).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. A ruler
    2. ruler
    3. 5119
    5. 397402
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. S
    9. Y-700
    10. 277294
    1. lacking of
    2. lacking
    3. 2594
    5. 397403
    6. P-Aamsc
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277295
    1. understanding(s)
    2. understanding
    3. 8159
    5. 397404
    6. P-Ncfpa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277296
    1. and great of
    2. -
    3. 1987,7191
    5. 397405,397406
    6. P-C,Aamsc
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277297
    1. extortion(s)
    2. -
    3. 4545
    5. 397407
    6. P-Ncfpa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277298
    1. one who hates
    2. hates
    3. 8101
    4. K
    5. 397408
    6. S-Vqrmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277299
    1. unjust gain
    2. -
    3. 1075
    5. 397410
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277301
    1. he will prolong
    2. -
    3. 731
    5. 397411
    6. V-Vhi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277302
    1. days
    2. -
    3. 3371
    5. 397412
    6. O-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 277303

OET (OET-LV) A_ruler lacking_of understanding(s) and_great_of extortion(s) one_who_hates[fn] unjust_gain he_will_prolong days.

28:16 OSHB variant note: שנאי: (x-qere) ’שֹׂ֥נֵא’: lemma_8130 morph_HVqrmsa id_2052N שֹׂ֥נֵא

OET (OET-RV) A ruler lacking understanding can become an oppressor.
 ⇔ The person who hates dishonest gain will have a longer life.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 28:16 ↑ → ► ║ ©