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Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXΚαὶ ἀπέστειλεν Ἰωὰς βασιλεὺς Ἰσραὴλ πρὸς Ἀμασίαν βασιλέα Ἰούδα, λέγων, ὁ ἀκχοὺχ ὁ ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ ἀπέστειλε πρὸς τὴν κέδρον τὴν ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ, λέγων, δὸς τὴν θυγατέρα σου τῷ υἱῷ μου εἰς γυναῖκα, καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐλεύσεται τὰ θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ τὰ ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ· καὶ ἦλθον τὰ θηρία, καὶ κατεπάτησαν τὸν ἀκχούχ. (Kai apesteilen Yōas basileus Israaʸl pros Amasian basilea Youda, legōn, ho akⱪouⱪ ho en tōi Libanōi apesteile pros taʸn kedron taʸn en tōi Libanōi, legōn, dos taʸn thugatera sou tōi huiōi mou eis gunaika, kai idou eleusetai ta thaʸria tou agrou ta en tōi Libanōi; kai aʸlthon ta thaʸria, kai katepataʸsan ton akⱪouⱪ. )
BrTrAnd Joas king of Israel sent to Amasias king of Juda, saying, The thistle that was in Libanus sent to the cedar that was in Libanus, saying, Give thy daughter to my son to wife; but, behold, the wild beasts of the field that are in Libanus shall come: and the wild beasts did come, and trod down the thistle.
ULTAnd Joash the king of Israel sent to Amaziah, the king of Judah, saying, “A bramble that was in Lebanon sent to a cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son for a wife,’ but an animal passed over the field that was in Lebanon and trampled the bramble.
USTBut Jehoash replied this to King Amaziah: “One time a thistle growing in the mountains in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar tree, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son in order that he can marry her.’ But a wild animal in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle under his feet.
BSB § But Jehoash king of Israel replied to Amaziah king of Judah: “A thistle in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son in marriage.’ Then a wild beast in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle.
WEBBEJoash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, “The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son as his wife. Then a wild animal that was in Lebanon passed by and trampled down the thistle.
NETKing Joash of Israel sent this message back to King Amaziah of Judah, “A thorn bush in Lebanon sent this message to a cedar in Lebanon, ‘Give your daughter to my son as a wife.’ Then a wild animal of Lebanon came by and trampled down the thorn bush.
LSV“Come, we look one another in the face.” And Joash king of Israel sends to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, “The thorn that [is] in Lebanon has sent to the cedar that [is] in Lebanon, saying, Give your daughter to my son for a wife; and a beast of the field that [is] in Lebanon passes by and treads down the thorn.
FBVJoash, king of Israel, replied to Amaziah, king of Judah, “A thistle on Lebanon sent a message to a cedar on Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son for a wife,’ but a wild animal of Lebanon passed by and trampled down the thistle.
T4TBut Jehoash replied to King Amaziah, “One time a thistle growing in the mountains in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar tree saying, ‘Let your daughter marry my son.’ But a wild animal in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle under its feet.
LEBAnd Joash the king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, “The thorn bush that is in Lebanon has sent to the cedar which is in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son as wife.’ But a wild animal of the field that was in Lebanon passed by and trampled the thorn bush.
BBEAnd Joash, king of Israel, sent to Amaziah, king of Judah, saying, The thorn-tree in Lebanon sent to the cedar in Lebanon, saying, Give your daughter to my son for a wife: and a beast from the woodland in Lebanon went by, crushing the thorn under his feet.
JPSAnd Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying: 'The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying: Give thy daughter to my son to wife; and there passed by the wild beasts that were in Lebanon, and trod down the thistle.
ASVAnd Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trod down the thistle.
DRABut he sent back the messengers, saying: The thistle that is in Libanus, sent to the cedar in Libanus, saying: Give thy daughter to my son to wife: and behold the beasts that were in the wood of Libanus passed by, and trod down the thistle.
YLT'Come, we look one another in the face.' And Joash king of Israel sendeth unto Amaziah king of Judah, saying, 'The thorn that [is] in Lebanon hath sent unto the cedar that [is] in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son for a wife; and pass by doth a beast of the field that [is] in Lebanon, and treadeth down the thorn.
DrbyAnd Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, The thorn-bush that is in Lebanon sent to the cedar that is in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son as wife; and there passed by the wild beast that is in Lebanon, and trode down the thorn-bush.
RVAnd Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon; and trode down the thistle.
WbstrAnd Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son for a wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trod down the thistle.
KJB-1769And Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trode down the thistle.[fn][fn] (And Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Yudah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Give thy/your daughter to my son to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trod down the thistle. )
KJB-1611[fn][fn][fn]And Ioash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Iudah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon, sent to the Cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Giue thy daughter to my sonne to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trode downe the thistle. (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation and footnotes)
BshpsAnd Ioas king of Israel sent to Amaziahu king of Iuda, saying: A thistle that is in Libanon, sent to a Cedar tree of Libanon, saying, Geue thy daughter to my sonne to wyfe: And there came a wylde beast of Libanon, and trode downe the thistle. (And Yoas king of Israel sent to Amaziahu king of Yudah, saying: A thistle that is in Libanon, sent to a Cedar tree of Libanon, saying, Give thy/your daughter to my son to wife: And there came a wild beast of Libanon, and trod down the thistle.)
GnvaBut Ioash King of Israel sent to Amaziah King of Iudah, saying, The thistle that is in Lebanon, sent to the cedar that is in Lebanon, saying, Giue thy daughter to my sonne to wife: and the wilde beast that was in Lebanon went and trode downe the thistle. (But Yoash King of Israel sent to Amaziah King of Yudah, saying, The thistle that is in Lebanon, sent to the cedar that is in Lebanon, saying, Give thy/your daughter to my son to wife: and the wild beast that was in Lebanon went and trod down the thistle. )
CvdlBut Ioas the kynge of Israel sent vnto Amasias ye kynge of Iuda, sayenge: The hawthorne in Libanus sent vnto ye Cedre tre in Libanus, sayege: Geue thy doughter vnto my sonne to wife. But a wylde beest in Libanus ranne ouer ye hawthorne, & trode it downe. (But Yoas the king of Israel sent unto Amasias ye/you_all king of Yudah, sayenge: The hawthorne in Libanus sent unto ye/you_all Cedre tree in Libanus, saying: Give thy/your daughter unto my son to wife. But a wild beast/animal in Libanus ran over ye/you_all hawthorne, and trod it down.)
WyclAnd he sente ayen messangeris, and seide, A `cardue, ether a tasil, which is in the Liban sente to the cedre of the Liban, and seide, Yyue thi douyter a wijf to my sone; and lo! beestis that weren in the wode of the Liban yeden and defouliden the cardue. (And he sent again messengers, and said, A `cardue, ether a tasil, which is in the Liban sent to the cedar of the Liban, and said, Yyue thy/your daughter a wife to my son; and lo! beasts/animals that were in the wood of the Liban went and defouliden the cardue.)
LuthAber Joas, der König Israels, sandte zu Amazia, dem Könige Judas, und ließ ihm sagen: Der Dornstrauch im Libanon sandte zu der Zeder im Libanon und ließ ihr sagen: Gib deine Tochter meinem Sohn zum Weibe; aber das Wild im Libanon lief über den Dornstrauch und zertrat ihn. (But Yoas, the/of_the king Israels, sent to Amazia, to_him kings/king Yudas, and let him say: The Dornstrauch in_the Libanon sent to the/of_the Zeder in_the Libanon and let you/their/her say: Give your Tochter my son for_the Weibe; but the Wild in_the Libanon ran above the Dornstrauch and zertrat ihn.)
ClVgAt ille remisit nuntios, dicens: Carduus qui est in Libano misit ad cedrum Libani, dicens: Da filiam tuam filio meo uxorem: et ecce bestiæ quæ erant in silva Libani, transierunt, et conculcaverunt carduum.[fn] (At ille remisit nuntios, saying: Carduus who it_is in Libano he_sent to cedrum Libani, saying: Da daughterm tuam filio mine wife: and behold bestiæ which they_were in silva Libani, transierunt, and conculcaverunt carduum. )
25.18Carduus qui, etc. Hanc similitudinem innuit: quia Amasias nobilissimis ortus natalibus de stirpe David veniens, propter idololatriæ fœditatem degens et vilis factus propriam mensuram non considerat, sed ultra modum superbiæ fastu se elevat.
25.18Carduus qui, etc. Hanc similitudinem innuit: because Amasias nobilissimis ortus natalibus about stirpe David veniens, propter idololatriæ fœditatem degens and vilis factus propriam mensuram not/no considerat, but ultra modum superbiæ fastu se elevat.
(Occurrence 0) A thistle that was in Lebanon … trampled down the thistle
(Some words not found in UHB: and,sent Yōʼāsh/(Joash) king Yisrael to/towards Amaziah king Yehuda to=say the,thistle which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon Shalah to/towards the,cedar which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon to=say give, DOM daughter,your to,son,my to/for=(a)_woman and,passed_by being/animal the=field which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon and,trampled DOM the,thistle )
This message is in the form of a parable. The worthless thistle represents Amaziah, and the cedar represents Jehoash. The trampling of the thistle by the beast expresses that something bad will happen to the thistle, and it will be powerless to stop it. The point of the parable is that Amaziah was foolish to challenge Jehoash.
(Occurrence 0) thistle
(Some words not found in UHB: and,sent Yōʼāsh/(Joash) king Yisrael to/towards Amaziah king Yehuda to=say the,thistle which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon Shalah to/towards the,cedar which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon to=say give, DOM daughter,your to,son,my to/for=(a)_woman and,passed_by being/animal the=field which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon and,trampled DOM the,thistle )
This is a small, worthless plant with small, sharp thorns.
(Occurrence 0) cedar
(Some words not found in UHB: and,sent Yōʼāsh/(Joash) king Yisrael to/towards Amaziah king Yehuda to=say the,thistle which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon Shalah to/towards the,cedar which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon to=say give, DOM daughter,your to,son,my to/for=(a)_woman and,passed_by being/animal the=field which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon and,trampled DOM the,thistle )
(Some words not found in UHB: and,sent Yōʼāsh/(Joash) king Yisrael to/towards Amaziah king Yehuda to=say the,thistle which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon Shalah to/towards the,cedar which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon to=say give, DOM daughter,your to,son,my to/for=(a)_woman and,passed_by being/animal the=field which/who in/on/at/with,Lebanon and,trampled DOM the,thistle )
Here “Judah” is a metonym for the people who lived in Judah. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah”
While the location of Mount Sinai is arguably the most significant unresolved debate remaining in Bible geography, it is this author’s estimation that the borders of Edom and Seir (also called “Mount Seir” and “the highlands of Seir”) have actually led to a greater amount of confusion regarding where related events took place. This confusion stems primarily from a key misunderstanding widely held about Edom and Seir: that Seir was located either solely or primarily on the eastern side of the Arabah (the low valley dividing virtually all of Israel from northern end of the Jordan River to the city of Elath on the Red Sea). But this author is convinced that, prior to the later Old Testament, all biblical references to Seir regard it as a sub-region within the greater area of Edom, and it was located on the western side of the Arabah. To be clear, the biblical accounts consistently affirm that the nation of Edom (the descendants of Esau) occupied the eastern side of the Arabah and even had their own rulers before the Israelites had kings (Genesis 36), as shown on this map. But this area is not typically what is intended when the biblical writers use the term Seir. (A nearly exhaustive list of references to Seir as a geographical term includes: Genesis 14:6; 32-33; 36; Numbers 24:18; Deuteronomy 1:2, 44; 2:1-12, 22-29; 33:2; Joshua 11:17; 12:7; 24:4; Judges 5:4; 1 Chronicles 1:38; 4:42; 2 Chronicles 20:10-23; 25:11-14; Isaiah 21:11; Ezekiel 35:2-15.) Also, it should be noted that the assumption that Seir was located east of the Arabah is at least as old as the writings of Josephus (Ant., IV, iv, 7) immediately after the New Testament, for he seems to assume this. Yet, Josephus’s overall reliability regarding the location of the events of the wilderness wanderings (and thus Seir) is called into question by his misidentification of Mount Hor with Jebel Nebi Harun (see “The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness” map), so it is very possible he was also mistaken about Seir. Similarly, though it is commonly concluded that the term Seir can be found in the name ash-Sharat, it should be noted that the Arabic term for the eastern mountains of Edom was likely applied to the region several hundred years after the close of the Old Testament era and the time of Josephus, so it is possible that the term Seir had long since shifted to the eastern mountains by this time. Also, while archeological data confirms that eastern Edom was populated with a settled civilization before western Edom, this data likely would not accurately reflect habitation by semi-nomadic peoples such as Esau and his earlier descendants, whose settlements would have been largely temporary and unlikely to be recovered. In terms of biblical evidence, however, several verses support and even seem to require that Seir be located on the western side of the Arabah (Deuteronomy 2:1; Joshua 12:7; 1 Chronicles 4:42-43; see also Joshua 15:1) and also that Seir was only a sub-region within the larger Edomite nation (Ezekiel 35:15). And while some verses seem ambiguous regarding the location of Seir, none of them offer compelling testimony that it should be located east of the Arabah. A few passages (for example, 2 Chronicles 25; Ezekiel 35 [though see v. 15]) seem at times to use the term Seir to refer to all of Edom, but they never use it to refer only to eastern Edom. Instead, they appear to use the term in a similar way that the biblical writers sometimes symbolically use the term Ephraim to refer to all the northern Israelite tribes (Isaiah 7-11; Jeremiah 31; Hosea 5-14; Zechariah 9-10), though it was widely understood that Ephraim only occupied a specific portion of tribal territory within the land of Israel. If the borders of Seir, however, are relocated west of the Arabah, as shown here at the time of Joshua’s allotment of Canaan, several related stories in the Bible make better sense. For example, the journeys of Jacob and Esau as they meet each other and part once again make the best sense if Esau was arriving from a location on the west side of the Jordan River (Genesis 32-33; also see “Jacob Returns to Canaan” and “Jacob Travels to Southern Canaan” maps). Likewise it is easiest to envision the Israelites skirting the land of Seir after turning back from Kadesh (Deuteronomy 2:1; see “The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness” map) if Seir was located west of the Arabah. Joshua’s description of Judah’s southern border also makes the most sense if Seir (and thus Edom) was located west of the Arabah (Joshua 15:1). In the time of Hezekiah, a western location for Seir makes it easiest to envision a company of 500 Simeonites exterminating a remnant of Amalekites there and settling in their place (1 Chronicles 4:42-43; see “Hezekiah Strengthens Judah” map). Finally, the prophet Ezekiel cursed the Edomites for encroaching far north of Judah’s southern border after the Babylonians ravaged the land (Ezekiel 35), and this is easiest to envision if the Edomites already occupied land immediately south of Judah. And by way of extrapolation, if it is to be assumed that the Horites, who formerly inhabited Seir (Deuteronomy 2:12), took their name from Mount Hor or that Mount Hor was named after them, then it is likely that this peak where Aaron died was located somewhere within the region of Seir as it is shown here (see “The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness” map).
