LUKE 6:4 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) [ref]“He went into God’s temple and took the ‘bread of the presence’ and ate some and gave some to his men, even though it’s only priests that are allowed to eat that.”

Key: khaki:verbs, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object, red:negative.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT how he went into the house of God and took the loaves of the presence, ate it, and gave it to the ones with him, which is not lawful to eat except only for the priests?”

UST As you know, David entered the tabernacle and asked for some food. The priest gave him the bread that had been on display before God. David ate some, and he also gave some to the men who were with him, even though the law said they could not do that. Only priests could eat that bread.”

BSB He entered the house of God, took the consecrated bread[fn] and gave [it] to his companions, [and] ate what is lawful only for the priests to eat.”

MSB He entered the house of God, took the consecrated bread[fn] and also[fn] gave [it] to his companions, [and] ate what is lawful only for the priests to eat.”

6:4 Or the Bread of the Presence

6:4 CT does not include also.

BLB how he entered into the house of God, and having taken the loaves of the presentation, ate and gave to those with him, which it is not lawful to eat, except to the priests only?"

AICNT {[how][fn] he entered the house of God [and took][fn] and}[fn] ate the bread of the Presence, and [[also]][fn] gave it to those with him, which is not lawful to eat except the priests alone?” [[On the same day, seeing someone working on the Sabbath, he said to him, “Man, if you know what you are doing, you are blessed; but if you do not know, you are cursed and a transgressor of the law.”]][fn]

6:4, how: ℵ(01) A(02) C(04) W(032) Latin(a b e ff²) NA28 SBLGNT THGNT ‖ Absent from 𝔓4 B(03) D(05).

6:4, and took: 𝔓4 B(03) C(04) BYZ TR NA28 SBLGNT THGNT ‖ Absent from ℵ(01) D(05) W(032).

6:4, how he entered the...: Some manuscripts read “Entering into the house of God, he.” D(05)

6:4, also: Some manuscripts include. ℵ(01) A(02) D(05) BYZ TR ‖ Absent from B(03) W(032) NA28 SBLGNT THGNT.

6:4, On the same day...: Some manuscripts include. D(05)

OEB That he went into the house of God, and took the consecrated bread and ate it, and gave some to his companions, though only the priests are allowed to eat it?’

WEBBE how he entered into God’s house, and took and ate the show bread, and gave also to those who were with him, which is not lawful to eat except for the priests alone?”

WMBB (Same as above)

NET how he entered the house of God, took and ate the sacred bread, which is not lawful for any to eat but the priests alone, and gave it to his companions?”

LSV how he went into the house of God, and took the Bread of the Presentation, and ate, and gave also to those with him, which it is not lawful to eat, except only to the priests?”

FBV How he went into the house of God and took the consecrated bread? He ate it, and gave it to his men too. That's not permitted either. The consecrated bread is only for the priests.”

TCNT how he entered the house of God and took and ate the bread of the Presence, which is not lawful for anyone to eat except for the priests, and how he [fn]also gave it to those who were with him?”

6:4 also ¦ — CT

T4T David entered God’s big worship tent and asked for some food. The high priest gave him the bread that the priests had presented to God. It was permitted in one of Moses’ laws that only the priests could eat that bread. But even though David was not a priest, he ate some, and gave some to the men who were with him. And God did not consider that what David did was wrong!”

LEB how he entered into the house of God and took the bread of the presentation, which it is not permitted to eat (except the priests alone), and[fn] ate it[fn] and gave it[fn] to those with him?”

6:4 *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

6:4 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

BBE How he went into the house of God and took for food the holy bread, which only the priests may take, and gave it to those who were with him?

Moff He went into the house of God, took the loaves of the Presence and ate them, giving them to his men as well — bread that no one is allowed to eat except the priests."

Wymth how he entered the house of God and took and ate the Presented Loaves and gave some to his followers—loaves which none but the Priests are allowed to eat?"

ASV how he entered into the house of God, and took and ate the showbread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat save for the priests alone?

DRA How he went into the house of God, and took and ate the bread of proposition, and gave to them that were with him, which is not lawful to eat but only for the priests?

YLT how he went into the house of God, and the loaves of the presentation did take, and did eat, and gave also to those with him, which it is not lawful to eat, except only to the priests?'

Drby how he entered into the house of [fn]God and took the shewbread and ate, and gave to those also who were with him, which it is not lawful that [any] eat, unless the priests alone?

6.4 Elohim

RV how he entered into the house of God, and did take and eat the shewbread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat save for the priests alone?
(how he entered into the house of God, and did take and eat the show-bread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat save for the priests alone? )

SLT How he went into the house of God, and took the loaves of the setting before, and ate, and gave also to those with him; which is not lawful to eat, except for priests alone?

Wbstr How he went into the house of God, and took and ate the show-bread, and gave also to them that were with him, which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone?

KJB-1769 How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the shewbread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone?
( How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the show-bread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone? )

KJB-1611 How he went into the house of God, and did take and eate the Shew bread, and gaue also to them that were with him, which it is not lawful to eate but for the Priests alone?
(How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the Show bread, and gave also to them that were with him, which it is not lawful to eat but for the Priests alone?)

Bshps Howe he went into the house of God, and dyd take and eate the shewe bread, and gaue also to them that were with hym, which was not lawfull to eate, but for the priestes only?
(How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the show bread, and gave also to them that were with him, which was not lawful to eat, but for the priests only?)

Gnva Howe he went into the house of God, and tooke, and ate the shewbread, and gaue also to them which were with him, which was not lawful to eate, but for the Priests onely?
(How he went into the house of God, and tooke, and ate the show-bread, and gave also to them which were with him, which was not lawful to eat, but for the Priests onely? )

Cvdl how he wente in to the house of God, and toke the shewbred, and ate, and gaue also vnto them that were with him, which was laufull for no man to eate, but for the prestes onely?
(how he went in to the house of God, and took the show-bread, and ate, and gave also unto them that were with him, which was lawful for no man to eat, but for the priests onely?)

TNT how he went into the housse of God and toke and ate the loves of halowed breed and gave also to them which were with him: which was not laufull to eate but for the prestes only.
(how he went into the house of God and took and ate the loves of hallowed/consecrated bread and gave also to them which were with him: which was not lawful to eat but for the priests only. )

Wycl hou he entride in to the hous of God, and took looues of proposicioun, and eet, and yaf to hem that weren with hem; whiche looues it was not leeueful to eete, but oonli to prestis.
(how he entered in to the house of God, and took loaves of proposicioun, and eat, and gave to hem that were with hem; which loaves it was not lawful to eete, but only to priests.)

Luth wie er zum Hause Gottes einging und nahm die Schaubrote und aß und gab auch denen, die mit ihm waren, die doch niemand durfte essen ohne die Priester alleine?
(as/like he for_the house God’s entered and took the Schaubrote and ate and gave also those, the with him were, the though/but no_one was_allowed eat without the priest(s) alone/solely?)

ClVg quomodo intravit in domum Dei, et panes propositionis sumpsit, et manducavit, et dedit his qui cum ipso erant: quos non licet manducare nisi tantum sacerdotibus?[fn]
(how he_entered in/into/on house/home of_God, and bread/food proposition took, and manducavit, and he_gave his who/which when/with himself they_were: which not/no although to_eat except only to_the_priests? )

6.4 Intravit in domum Dei. Magna hospitalitatis gratia, proposito mortis periculo, non declinat hospitem animus sacerdotis. Et sic nos debemus aliena pericula in nos transferre. Sed et verum David hospitio mentis nec pro periculo mortis veri excludunt sacerdotes.

6.4 Intravit in/into/on house/home of_God. Magna hospitalitatis grace, proposito of_death periculo, not/no declines hospitem animus of_the_priest. And so us we_must foreign dangers in/into/on us transferre. But and true David hospitio of_the_mind but_not for periculo of_death true excludunt priests.

UGNT ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως λαβὼν, ἔφαγεν καὶ ἔδωκεν τοῖς μετ’ αὐτοῦ, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν, εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖς?
(hōs eisaʸlthen eis ton oikon tou Theou, kai tous artous taʸs Protheseōs labōn, efagen kai edōken tois met’ autou, hous ouk exestin fagein, ei maʸ monous tous hiereis?)

SBL-GNT ⸀ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ⸀λαβὼν ἔφαγεν καὶ ⸀ἔδωκεν τοῖς μετʼ αὐτοῦ, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖς;
(⸀hōs eisaʸlthen eis ton oikon tou theou kai tous artous taʸs protheseōs ⸀labōn efagen kai ⸀edōken tois metʼ autou, hous ouk exestin fagein ei maʸ monous tous hiereis;)

RP-GNT Ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔλαβεν, καὶ ἔφαγεν, καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τοῖς μετ' αὐτοῦ, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖς;
(Hōs eisaʸlthen eis ton oikon tou theou, kai tous artous taʸs protheseōs elaben, kai efagen, kai edōken kai tois met' autou, hous ouk exestin fagein ei maʸ monous tous hiereis;)

TC-GNT Ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως [fn]ἔλαβε, καὶ ἔφαγε, καὶ ἔδωκε [fn]καὶ τοῖς μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστι φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖς;
(Hōs eisaʸlthen eis ton oikon tou Theou, kai tous artous taʸs protheseōs elabe, kai efage, kai edōke kai tois meta autou, hous ouk exesti fagein ei maʸ monous tous hiereis; )

6:4 ελαβε και ¦ λαβων CT

6:4 και ¦ — CT

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 6:1–11: Jesus taught that he was Lord of the Sabbath

In the Old Testament, God commanded the Jewish people to rest on the seventh day of each week. They called this day the “Sabbath.” The Pharisees believed that Jewish people should not do any work at all on the Sabbath day. They made many strict rules about what people were not allowed to do on the Sabbath.

In this section, the Pharisees continued their disagreement with Jesus from Luke 5:33–39. The Pharisees questioned Jesus’ authority to change the old traditions. They focused on the laws and traditions concerning the Sabbath. Jesus stated and proved that he did indeed have greater authority than the Pharisees to decide what a person could do on the Sabbath. As a result, the Pharisees perceived Jesus as a threat to their own authority.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

The Pharisees and Jesus disagreed about Sabbath-day laws

Jesus showed/taught the true meaning/use of the Sabbath day

A Discussion about the Sabbath (NLT)

There are parallel passages in Matthew 12:1–14 and Mark 2:23–3:6.

Paragraph 6:1–5

In this paragraph, Luke described how Jesus allowed his disciples to pick and eat grain on the Sabbath. Some Pharisees saw the disciples doing that and rebuked Jesus. Jesus had not told his disciples to stop what they were doing. Therefore, the Pharisees felt that Jesus was not respecting their laws about the Sabbath day.

In response, Jesus reminded the Pharisees of a story about King David. He showed them that the way they thought about the Sabbath was wrong. He told them that he had the authority to decide what was right or wrong to do on the Sabbath.

6:4a

He entered the house of God,

He went into the tabernacle/tent of God
he entered the big tent where people worshiped God
He went into the courtyard of the big tent where God was present

He entered the house of God: The phrase the house of God was a Jewish expression that could refer to either the tabernacle or the temple. In this context it refers to the tabernacle. The tabernacle was a large tent where Jewish people presented sacrifices to God and where God revealed his presence to them. Some ways to translate this are:

God’s house/dwelling

the big tent where our ancestors worshiped God

David probably went into the courtyard of the tabernacle, since only the priests were allowed to go into the tent itself. If you feel that this detail is important here, you could say:

He entered the courtyard of the house of God

You should only translate the house of God literally if:

your word for “house” can be used for this type of building, and
“house of God” is not your usual expression for “church” or “heaven” (the dwelling place of God).

God: For help in translating the word God, see the note at 1:6a.

6:4b

took the consecrated bread

and took some of the holy bread.
and accepted/received from the priest some of the bread offered to God.

took the consecrated bread: The word took indicates here that David received the bread from the priest. In the story in 1 Samuel 21:1–6, David asked the priest for the bread, and the priest gave it to him. This information is not mentioned explicitly in this verse. If your readers might think that David stole the bread and ate it, you may need to make explicit that the priest gave it to him. You could mention this fact in a footnote.

Some other ways to translate this are:

he received/accepted the consecrated bread

he took the consecrated bread that the priest gave to him

the consecrated bread: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the consecrated bread refers to the bread that the priests offered or presented to God. They put this bread in the Holy Place of the tabernacle. Every Sabbath, the bread was replaced with fresh bread. Then, only the priests were allowed to eat the old bread. See Leviticus 24:5–9 and Exodus 25:30. Some other ways to translate this are:

the sacred/holy bread

the bread offered to God (GNT)

special bread (NLT96)

It may also be helpful to include a footnote to explain this. For example:

The consecrated bread was twelve loaves of bread that were in the Holy Place of the tabernacle. They were put there each week as a sacrifice to God. Every Sabbath day, they were replaced with twelve fresh loaves of bread. Only the priests were allowed to eat the old loaves (see Leviticus 24:5–9).

bread: The word bread refers to loaves made from wheat flour. Bread was the main food of the Jewish people. Other ways to translate this could be “loaves” or “loaves of bread.” If the people for whom you are translating do not eat bread, you could translate this with a general term, such as:

food

6:4c–d

In 6:4c–d, the BSB keeps the order of the Greek clauses, as do many other English versions. Other versions, such as the NIV, change the Greek order. Compare the two examples below, which are from the NIV and the GNT.

^4che ate what is lawful only for priests to eat. ^4dAnd he also gave some to his companions. (NIV)

^4cate it, ^4dand gave it also to his men. ^4cYet it is against our Law for anyone except the priests to eat that bread. (GNT)

You should translate these clauses in an order that is natural in your language.

6:4c

and gave it to his companions,

He also gave some of the bread to his men.”
He gave some of it to the men with him.

and ate what is lawful only for the priests to eat: The Greek clause that the BSB translates as and ate what is lawful only for the priests to eat is literally “he ate…that which is not permissible to eat except for only the priests.” The word what refers to the bread. The law did not permit anyone except priests to eat the consecrated bread. But David ate that bread.

Some other ways to translate this are:

ate some bread himself…even though the Law does not permit anyone except the priests to eat it (JBP)

and ate the holy bread, which is lawful only for priests to eat (NCV)

lawful: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as lawful means “permitted.” It is the same phrase that the Pharisees used in their question in 6:2b. As in 6:2, it refers to what the Jewish religious and ceremonial law allowed. The law about the dedicated bread is stated in the Law of Moses (see Leviticus 24:9). Use an expression that is consistent with the way you translated “unlawful” in 6:2b.

priests: A Jewish priest was a man who offered sacrifices to God on behalf of the people. He also performed other religious rituals for them. Some ways to translate priest are:

sacrificers

men offering sacrifices

men who represent people to God

See how you translated “priest” in 1:5b. See also priest in the Glossary.

6:4d

and ate what is lawful only for the priests to eat.”

But only the priests were permitted to eat the bread that he ate.
David and his men ate that bread. They did that even though our^(incl) law does not permit anyone except priests to eat that bread.

and gave it to his companions: This clause implies that although David gave some consecrated bread to his companions, God did not punish him for it. You may need to make this explicit in your translation or in a footnote. For example:

He also gave some of the bread to his companions and they ate it too. But God did not punish David for doing that.

gave it: The BSB has supplied the object it, meaning “some consecrated bread.” The Greek text does not have an explicit object of gave. You should supply an object if it is natural in your language. For example:

his companions also ate the bread he gave to them

his companions: Use the same term for his companions as you used in 6:3c.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ

how ˱he˲_came_in into (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τόν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τούς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως λαβών ἔφαγεν καί ἔδωκεν τοῖς μετʼ αὐτοῦ οὕς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μή μόνους τούς ἱερεῖς)

If you made the first part of the quotation in [6:3](../06/03.md) a separate sentence, begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: [He went into the house of God]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὡς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τόν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τούς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως λαβών ἔφαγεν καί ἔδωκεν τοῖς μετʼ αὐτοῦ οὕς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μή μόνους τούς ἱερεῖς)

Jesus is describing the tabernacle as the house of God. He is speaking as if it were the place where God lived, since God’s presence was there. Alternate translation: [the tabernacle]

Note 2 topic: translate-unknown

τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως

The phrase the loaves of the presence refers to loaves of bread that were placed on a table in the temple as an offering to God. They represented how the people of Israel lived in the presence of God. Alternate translation: [the loaves that were offered to God] or [the bread that showed God lived among the people]

οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν, εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖς

It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: [The law says that only the priests can eat that bread]