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OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 18:40

◄ ← YHN (JHN) 18:40 ↓ ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ἐκραύγασαν
    2. kraugazō
    3. they cried out
    4. they yelled
    5. 29050
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ cried_out
    8. ˱they˲ cried_out
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79204
    11. 79239
    1. Οὖν
    2. oun
    3. Therefore
    4. -
    5. 37670
    6. C·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79240
    1. πάλιν
    2. palin
    3. again
    4. -
    5. 38250
    6. D·······
    7. again
    8. again
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79241
    1. πάντες
    2. pas
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 39560
    6. S····NMP
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79242
    1. λέγοντες
    2. legō
    3. saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VPPA·NMP
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79204
    11. 79243
    1. Μή
    2. mē
    3. Not
    4. -
    5. 33610
    6. C·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 79244
    1. τοῦτον
    2. houtos
    3. this one
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. R····AMS
    7. this ‹one›
    8. this ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79148
    11. 79245
    1. ἀλλά
    2. alla
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 2350
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79246
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79247
    1. Βαραββᾶν
    2. barabbas
    3. Barabbas
    4. -
    5. 9120
    6. N····AMS
    7. Barabbas
    8. Barabbas
    9. U
    10. Person=Barabbas; Y33
    11. 79248
    1. ἦν
    2. eimi
    3. was
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. was
    8. was
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79249
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. But
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79250
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79251
    1. Βαραββᾶς
    2. barabbas
    3. Barabbas
    4. -
    5. 9120
    6. N····NMS
    7. Barabbas
    8. Barabbas
    9. U
    10. Person=Barabbas; Y33
    11. 79252
    1. λῃστής
    2. lēstēs
    3. +a robber
    4. robber
    5. 30270
    6. N····NMS
    7. ˓a˒ robber
    8. ˓a˒ robber
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79253

OET (OET-LV) Therefore they_cried_out again saying:
Not this one, but the Barabbas.
And the Barabbas was a_robber.

OET (OET-RV) But they all yelled back, “No, not this one. Release Barabbas.” (Barabbas was a robber.)

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:28–19:16a: Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he should die

This section tells how the soldiers took Jesus to the Roman governor, Pilate. Pilate questioned Jesus to find out why the Jews wanted him to punish Jesus with death. He could find no reason to do that. But the Jewish leaders there insisted that Pilate crucify him. Finally, Pilate agreed that Jesus could be crucified.

Here are other possible section headings:

Pilate questioned the Jews and Jesus and sent Jesus to be crucified

Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he could be punished with death

Jesus’ trial and judgment before Pilate

This section can be divided into seven smaller pieces, where each piece is a separate event. Jews often arranged written materials to include seven related pieces, where the first and last pieces relate, and the second and sixth relate, and the third and fifth relate. Then the middle piece, the fourth, stands alone and is emphasized. That happens in this section as well. Here is a chart showing the seven pieces of this section and how they relate:

18:28–32: Outside the house; Jews ask for Jesus’ death

18:33–38a: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus if he is King of the Jews

18:38b–40: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”

19:1–3: The soldiers beat Jesus with a whip and pretend that he is the king of the Jews

19:4–8: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”

19:8–11: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus where he came from

19:12–16a: Outside the house; Pilate allows Jews to crucify Jesus

The middle piece, 19:1–3, is different from all the other pieces. Pilate is only mentioned and is not an important person in this event. That is different from all the other pieces. This middle piece therefore is emphasized. The only ones who seem to worship Jesus in the whole section do so in this middle piece. However, they only pretend to worship and are very cruel as they mock Jesus.

In your translation, you may want to find ways to emphasize 19:1–3. Also, try to translate this section in ways that make it possible to see the connections between the pieces.

Paragraph 18:38b–40

In this paragraph, Pilate tried to release Jesus. He thought that Jesus was innocent. So he offered to free Jesus for the celebration of a Jewish feast. But the leaders of the Jews and the crowd were determined to have Jesus crucified. They asked Pilate to release a criminal named Barabbas instead.

18:40a

“Not this man,” they shouted, “but Barabbas!”

“Not this man,” they shouted, “but Barabbas!”: The Jewish leaders answered that they wanted Pilate to release Barabbas instead of Jesus. They rejected Pilate’s suggestion. In some languages it may be natural to make explicit the implied answer “no.” For example:

No, not this man, but Barabbas! (JBP)

In some languages it may be natural to supply one or more of the implied verbs. For example:

No, not him! Give us Barabbas! (NIV)

Don’t free this man! Free Barabbas! (GW)

No! Not this man. We want Barabbas! (NLT)

Not this man: This phrase is short for “We do not want you to release the king of the Jews.” The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as this man is more literally “this one.” Refer to Jesus in a way that is natural in this context. For example:

not him (NIV)

they shouted: The pronoun they refers to the crowd of Jewish leaders. They shouted loudly to Pilate. The Greek text more literally says, “Therefore they cried out again, saying.” Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

So they cried out again, saying (NASB)

Then they shouted back (NET)

They answered him with a shout (GNT)

The Jews shouted again (GW)

but Barabbas!: This phrase indicates that the Jews wanted Pilate to release Barabbas instead of Jesus.

but: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as but here connects a negative statement (“Not this man”) to a positive statement (“Barabbas”). This kind of sentence emphasizes the positive statement. Languages have different ways to indicate this type of emphasis. Here are some ways to show the emphasis:

You should translate this emphasis in the way that is most natural in your language.

18:40b

(Now Barabbas was an insurrectionist.)

(Now Barabbas was an insurrectionist.): The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as Now here introduces some parenthetical background information. It is not a time word. The author John added this background information to explain who Barabbas was. This is not part of what the crowd said. Some translations, like the BSB, put this sentence in parentheses to show that this is background information.

Barabbas was an insurrectionist: This clause indicates that Barabbas had committed a crime. Luke 23:19 tells us that Barabbas had been part of a riot and had killed someone. That is why the Romans had put him in prison.

insurrectionist: The Greek word that the BSB translates as insurrectionist means “robber” or “someone who rebels against the government.” It probably indicates that Barabbas was a rebel who got what he needed by robbing. Here are other ways to translate this word (an “uprising” is a violent act against the government):

robber (ESV)

violent man

Now Barabbas had taken part in an uprising. (NIV)

terrorist (CEV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

ἐκραύγασαν & πάλιν λέγοντες

˱they˲_cried_out & again saying

Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: [they cried out again and said]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

μὴ τοῦτον, ἀλλὰ τὸν Βαραββᾶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐκραύγασαν Οὖν πάλιν λέγοντες Μή τοῦτον ἀλλά τόν Βαραββᾶν ἦν Δέ ὁ Βαραββᾶς λῃστής)

The Jewish leaders are leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the previous verse. Alternate translation: [Do not release this one, but release Barabbas]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοῦτον

this_‹one›

The Jewish leaders say this one as a disrespectful way to refer to Jesus without saying his name. If your language has a similar way to refer to someone in an indirect but derogatory manner, you may use it here. Alternate translation: [this so-and-so]

Note 4 topic: writing-background

ἦν δὲ ὁ Βαραββᾶς λῃστής

was (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐκραύγασαν Οὖν πάλιν λέγοντες Μή τοῦτον ἀλλά τόν Βαραββᾶν ἦν Δέ ὁ Βαραββᾶς λῃστής)

In this sentence John provides background information about Barabbas. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.

λῃστής

˓a˒_robber

The word usually translated robber can also refer to an insurrectionist, as is indicated by the description of Barabbas in [Mark 15:7](../../mrk/15/07). Alternate translation: [an insurrectionist]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

18:40 Jesus was no threat to Rome, but Barabbas was a revolutionary, a violent man who took part in political uprisings (see Luke 23:19), with a proven capacity to challenge the Roman military occupation of Israel.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Therefore
    2. -
    3. 37670
    4. S
    5. oun
    6. C-·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79240
    1. they cried out
    2. they yelled
    3. 29050
    5. kraugazō
    6. V-IAA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ cried_out
    8. ˱they˲ cried_out
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79204
    11. 79239
    1. again
    2. -
    3. 38250
    5. palin
    6. D-·······
    7. again
    8. again
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79241
    1. saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-PPA·NMP
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79204
    11. 79243
    1. Not
    2. -
    3. 33610
    4. D
    5. mē
    6. C-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 79244
    1. this one
    2. -
    3. 37780
    5. houtos
    6. R-····AMS
    7. this ‹one›
    8. this ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79148
    11. 79245
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 2350
    5. alla
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79246
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79247
    1. Barabbas
    2. -
    3. 9120
    4. U
    5. barabbas
    6. N-····AMS
    7. Barabbas
    8. Barabbas
    9. U
    10. Person=Barabbas; Y33
    11. 79248
    1. And
    2. But
    3. 11610
    4. S
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79250
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79251
    1. Barabbas
    2. -
    3. 9120
    4. U
    5. barabbas
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Barabbas
    8. Barabbas
    9. U
    10. Person=Barabbas; Y33
    11. 79252
    1. was
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. was
    8. was
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79249
    1. +a robber
    2. robber
    3. 30270
    5. lēstēs
    6. N-····NMS
    7. ˓a˒ robber
    8. ˓a˒ robber
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79253

OET (OET-LV) Therefore they_cried_out again saying:
Not this one, but the Barabbas.
And the Barabbas was a_robber.

OET (OET-RV) But they all yelled back, “No, not this one. Release Barabbas.” (Barabbas was a robber.)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← YHN (JHN) 18:40 ↑ ► ║ ©