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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Jos C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24
Jos 13 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31 V32 V33
OET (OET-LV) From the_Shiyḩōr which is_on the_face_of Miʦrayim/(Egypt) and_unto the_border_of ˊEqrōn northward to_Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s] it_is_reckoned the_five_of the_rulers_of the_Fəlishtiy the_Gazite[s] and_the_ʼAshdōdite[s] the_Ashkelonite[s] the_Gittiy[s] and_the_ˊEqrōnite[s] and_the_Avvite[s].
OET (OET-RV) from Shihor (east of Egypt) and as far as the border of Ekron to the north (it’s considered to be Canaanite), the five rulers of the Philistines (in Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gat, and Ekron), and the Avvites.
Before Moses died he had given land to the tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh. In this section Yahweh reminded Joshua of the land that they still had not conquered. Then there is a detailed listing of the boundaries of the lands on the east side of the Jordan River.
Here is another possible section heading:
The land east of the Jordan River
The BSB adds parentheses around part of this section to make it clear that this is a description of the “territory of the Philistines and the Geshurites.” These parentheses are not in the Hebrew text. You may find that parentheses are helpful, or there may be some other way to connect verses 3a-d to verse 2.
from the Shihor east of Egypt to the territory of Ekron on the north
Their land extends from the Shihor Canal which is east of Egypt, and north as far as the border of Ekron,
That area goes south to the Shihor Canal at the east border of Egypt, and it goes north to Ekron City.
from the Shihor east of Egypt: The term Shihor indicates a canal of the Nile River in the eastern delta of Egypt, near the present-day Suez Canal. The Shihor Canal was on the east side of Egypt, and it was the south boundary of the Philistine and Geshurite region.
Here is another way to translate this phrase:
The Philistine and Geshurite region goes south to the Shihor Canal which is east of Egypt
to the territory of Ekron on the north: The phrase to the territory of Ekron on the north indicates that Ekron was the north boundary of the Philistine and Geshurite region. Ekron was a town of the Philistine people and is mentioned in 13:3d.
(considered to be Canaanite territory)—
which is considered to be Canaanite territory.
All that area formerly belonged to the Canaan people.
considered to be Canaanite territory: The clause considered to be Canaanite territory indicates that Ekron was considered to be part of Canaan because the Philistines took it from the original Canaanite settlers.13:3 Woudstra, p. 210.
that of the five Philistine rulers
There are five Philistine rulers,
There are five kings of Filisti people who rule in these five cities:
that of the five Philistine rulers: The clause that of the five Philistine rulers indicates that each Philistine town had its own ruler. The towns are listed in the next part of the verse.
of Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron,
of Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron.
Gaza City, Ashdod City, Ashkelon City, Gath City, and Ekron City.
of Gaza: The name Gaza refers to a Philistine town in southwest Canaan, near the Mediterranean Sea.
Ashdod: The name Ashdod indicates a Philistine town 22 miles south of Joppa on the Mediterranean Sea.
Ashkelon: The name Ashkelon indicates a Philistine town on the Mediterranean Sea 32 miles south of Joppa.
Gath: The name Gath indicates a Philistine town 25 miles southeast of the town of Joppa. In later times King David fought against Goliath, who came from Gath.
and Ekron: The name Ekron indicates a Philistine town 20 miles southeast of Joppa.
as well as that of the Avvites;
There is also the land where the Avvim people live
The district of the Avvim people
as well as that of the Avvites: The phrase that of the Avvites indicates that the Israelites must also conquer the region where the Avvim people lived. This is a third region that is mentioned, and it is parallel to the “territory of the Philistines” and the “territory of the Geshurites” (13:2b). In some languages it may be clearer to start a new sentence here.
Avvites: The Avvites are mentioned in Deuteronomy 2:23. They lived in villages near Gaza.13:3 Boling and Wright, p. 338.
Here are some other ways to translate the word Avvites:
Avvim (NRSV)
Avvim people
Here is another way to translate this phrase:
There is also the region of the Avvim people in the south that has not been conquered
Note 1 topic: translate-names
הַשִּׁיח֞וֹר
the,Shihor
The word Shihor is the name of a river.
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י מִצְרַ֗יִם
which/who on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of Miʦrayim/(Egypt)
The author is using the term face by association to mean border. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [which is the border with Egypt]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
גְּב֤וּל עֶקְרוֹן֙
border ˊEqrōn
The author is using the term border by association to mean territory. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [the territory of Ekron]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב
to,Canaanite[s] counted
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [you shall consider this to be Canaanite territory]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב
to,Canaanite[s] counted
The Philistines and Geshurites were not Canaanites. You could indicate that explicitly in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [you shall consider this to be Canaanite territory, even though the Philistines and Geshurites are not Canaanites]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב
to,Canaanite[s] counted
The author is using the term Canaanite by association to mean territory that Yahweh wants the Israelites to conquer, since he had told them to conquer all Canaanite territory. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [you shall consider this to be territory that I want you to conquer and possess, even though the Philistines and Geshurites are not Canaanites]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת ׀ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים
five_of rulers_of Philistine
The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [it includes the territories of the five lords of the Philistines]
13:3 The stream of Shihor probably marked the traditional boundary between Canaan and Egypt, bisecting the northern Sinai Peninsula.
• The Philistine territory included five main cities: Gaza, Ashdod, and Ashkelon were on the Mediterranean coast, and Gath and Ekron were a few miles inland.
• The Philistines displaced the Avvites (Deut 2:23).
OET (OET-LV) From the_Shiyḩōr which is_on the_face_of Miʦrayim/(Egypt) and_unto the_border_of ˊEqrōn northward to_Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s] it_is_reckoned the_five_of the_rulers_of the_Fəlishtiy the_Gazite[s] and_the_ʼAshdōdite[s] the_Ashkelonite[s] the_Gittiy[s] and_the_ˊEqrōnite[s] and_the_Avvite[s].
OET (OET-RV) from Shihor (east of Egypt) and as far as the border of Ekron to the north (it’s considered to be Canaanite), the five rulers of the Philistines (in Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gat, and Ekron), and the Avvites.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.
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