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OET (OET-LV) The Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) sent_out these the twelve having_commanded to_them saying:
You_all_may_ not _go_away into the_way of_the_pagans, and you_all_may_ not _come_in into city of_the_Samareitaʸs/(Shomrōn),
OET (OET-RV) Yeshua sent out these twelve, instructing them, “Don’t go onto the roads of non-Jews or into the city of Samaria,
In this section, Jesus gave various instructions to the twelve apostles. In 10:5–15, he gave them some practical instructions for preaching the good news. In 10:16–33, he described the opposition that they would see when they went out. Lastly, in 10:34–42, he described the commitment required to be a disciple and the reward for being a disciple.
You may want to break this long section into several shorter sections. Here is an example:
Section 10:5–15 | The things the apostles should/must do when sent |
Section 10:16–33 | The difficulties the apostles will face |
Section 10:34–42 | The cost and reward of following Jesus |
Here are some other possible headings for this section:
Jesus gave directions/instructions to the twelve apostles for preaching the gospel
The Mission of the Twelve (GNT)
Instructions for the Twelve Apostles (CEV)
These twelve Jesus sent out with the following instructions:
¶ These twelve men, Jesus sent with these instructions:
¶ Then Jesus sent out those twelve disciples. But first he told them these things:
These twelve: This phrase refers to the twelve disciples/apostles just named. In some languages, it will be natural to add a noun to go with the number twelve. For example:
These twelve men (GNT)
Those twelve disciples
the twelve apostles (CEV)
Jesus sent out with the following instructions: This clause indicates that the words that follow in 10:5b–42 are the commands that Jesus gave to his twelve disciples, and then he sent them out. He did not send them out first, then instruct them later.
Here are some other ways to translate this clause:
Jesus sent out after instructing them (NASB)
Jesus sent these twelve t with the following instructions (GW)
Jesus sent out these twelve men. But first he told them
“Do not go onto the road of the Gentiles or enter any town of the Samaritans.
“Do not go to other nations/tribes or to any of the towns of Samaria.
“Do not go to foreigners/strangers. Do not go to any town of the people of the land of Samaria.
Do not go onto the road of the Gentiles: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Gentiles is literally “nations.” The Jews used this word to refer to all the people groups besides themselves.
Here are some other ways to translate this clause:
Don’t go among people who are not Jewish (GW)
Do not go to other nations
Do not go to foreigners/strangers
or enter any town of the Samaritans: The word Samaritans is the name of a people group who lived in the land of Samaria. Samaria was between the two Jewish areas of Galilee and Judea. Although Samaritans spoke the same language as the Jews, the Jews considered them a different people group.
Here are some other ways to translate this clause:
and don’t go to any Samaritan town (CEV)
do not go to any town where the people/tribe of Samaria live
This is the only time that Matthew mentioned the word Samaritans. So it may be good to have a footnote here. A sample footnote is:
Samaritans descended partly from a group of Jews and partly from foreign nations. They did not follow the same religion as the Jews. So the Jews considered them a different people group and despised them. Jesus would later send the disciples to all people groups (28:19), but he wanted his disciples to start by preaching to their fellow Jews.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / events
τούτους τοὺς δώδεκα ἀπέστειλεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς λέγων
these (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τούτους τούς δώδεκα ἀπέστειλεν Ὁ Ἰησοῦς παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς λέγων εἰς ὁδόν ἐθνῶν Μή ἀπέλθητε καί εἰς πόλιν Σαμαρειτῶν μή εἰσέλθητε)
Matthew narrates how Jesus sent out the disciples before he narrates what Jesus instructed them to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the order of events more explicit. Alternate translation: [When Jesus was about to send the twelve out, he instructed them, saying]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
τοὺς δώδεκα
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τούτους τούς δώδεκα ἀπέστειλεν Ὁ Ἰησοῦς παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς λέγων εἰς ὁδόν ἐθνῶν Μή ἀπέλθητε καί εἰς πόλιν Σαμαρειτῶν μή εἰσέλθητε)
Matthew is using the adjective twelve as a noun to mean twelve men. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [twelve men]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo
ἀπέστειλεν
sent_out
Matthew does not clarify here what Jesus sent them out to do. However, in the instructions from Jesus in the following verses, Jesus makes it clear what he has sent them out to do. So, you do not need to include any implicit information here.
Note 4 topic: writing-quotations
παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς λέγων
˓having˒_commanded ˱to˲_them saying
Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: [having instructed them with these words:]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
εἰς ὁδὸν ἐθνῶν
into into (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τούτους τούς δώδεκα ἀπέστειλεν Ὁ Ἰησοῦς παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς λέγων εἰς ὁδόν ἐθνῶν Μή ἀπέλθητε καί εἰς πόλιν Σαμαρειτῶν μή εἰσέλθητε)
Jesus means that the twelve disciples should not travel to any area where Gentiles live. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [to Gentile regions]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun
εἰς πόλιν
into into city
The word city represents cities in general, not one particular city. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [into any city]
OET (OET-LV) The Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) sent_out these the twelve having_commanded to_them saying:
You_all_may_ not _go_away into the_way of_the_pagans, and you_all_may_ not _come_in into city of_the_Samareitaʸs/(Shomrōn),
OET (OET-RV) Yeshua sent out these twelve, instructing them, “Don’t go onto the roads of non-Jews or into the city of Samaria,
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.
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