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Prov C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31

Prov 19 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29

OET interlinear PROV 19:7

◄ ← PROV 19:7 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. כָּל
    2. 393653
    3. All of
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. all_of
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274422
    1. אֲחֵי
    2. 393654
    3. +the brothers of
    4. -
    5. 251
    6. S-Ncmpc
    7. [the]_brothers_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274423
    2. 393655
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274424
    1. רָשׁ
    2. 393656
    3. one who +is poor
    4. -
    5. 7326
    6. S-Vqrmsa
    7. [one_who_is]_poor
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274425
    2. 393657
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-paseq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274426
    1. שְׂנֵאֻ,הוּ
    2. 393658,393659
    3. they hate him
    4. -
    5. 8130
    6. VO-Vqp3cp,Sp3ms
    7. they,hate_him
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274427
    1. אַף
    2. 393660
    3. indeed
    4. -
    5. 637
    6. S-Ta
    7. indeed?
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274428
    1. כִּי
    2. 393661
    3. if/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274429
    1. מְרֵעֵ,הוּ
    2. 393662,393663
    3. friend[s] of his close
    4. friends
    5. 4828
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    7. friend[s]_of,his_close
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274430
    1. רָחֲקוּ
    2. 393664
    3. they are distant
    4. -
    5. 7368
    6. V-Vqp3cp
    7. they_are_distant
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274431
    1. מִמֶּ,נּוּ
    2. 393665,393666
    3. from him/it
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp1cp
    7. from=him/it
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274432
    1. מְרַדֵּף
    2. 393667
    3. he +is pursuing
    4. -
    5. 7291
    6. V-Vprmsa
    7. [he_is]_pursuing
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274433
    1. אֲמָרִים
    2. 393668
    3. words/messages
    4. messages
    5. 561
    6. O-Ncmpa
    7. words
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274434
    1. לא
    2. 393669
    3. wwww
    4. -
    5. 3808
    6. P-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274435
    2. 393670
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274436
    2. 393671
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274437
    1. הֵמָּה
    2. 393672
    3. they
    4. -
    5. 1992
    6. S-Pp3mp
    7. they
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274438
    2. 393673
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274439

OET (OET-LV) All_of the_brothers_of one_who_is_poor they_hate_him indeed if/because friend[s]_of_his_close they_are_distant from_him/it he_is_pursuing words/messages wwww[fn] they.

19:7 OSHB variant note: לא: (x-qere) ’ל/וֹ’: lemma_l morph_HR/Sp3ms id_20xJG ל/וֹ

OET (OET-RV) All the relatives of a poor person hates them,
 ⇔ → so how much more do their friends avoid them.
 ⇔ The poor person sends messages after them, but they’re no longer around.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:1–22:16: This is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs. It has a very different structure from the longer poetic lectures of chapters 1–9. It consists mostly of individual couplets (two-line poems) that are each one verse in length. With the exception of the title (10:1a), paragraph breaks will not be indicated in the Notes or Display. You may of course choose to start each proverb as a separate paragraph in your translation.

In chapters 10–15, most of these one-verse couplets express a contrast between the two lines. One of the more common contrasts is between the righteous/wise and the wicked/foolish and the different consequences of their conduct.

In chapters 16:1–22:16, more topics are discussed. There is more emphasis on the role of the king and other leaders. In these chapters, there are few proverbs with contrasting lines. Some of the parallel lines are similar in meaning. More frequently, the second line adds to what the first line says or gives an example. Most of the verses have no obvious connection with the previous or following proverbs.UBS (page 214), Fox (page 509), McKane (page 413). Many scholars, including McKane, point out that there are some topical groupings as well as poetic connections. These include the repetition of certain words or sounds. This observation does not deny the individual nature of most of the proverbs in this Section.

Two of the types of proverbs in this section are not found in chapters 1–9. One type contains logical reasoning from the lesser to the greater. See 11:31 for a list of these proverbs. There are also several varieties of complex “better than” proverbs. The most common have a contrasting situation in each line (see 12:9). For other varieties, see 16:16, 19:1, and 21:9.

Many of the proverbs in this section refer to categories of people who share a common trait. For example, they refer to the righteous, the wise, the poor, and the lazy. In Hebrew, some verses use singular forms to refer to these groups of people. Other verses use plural forms. Still others use a combination of singular and plural. See the note on 10:30a–b for one example. For most of these verses, the Notes will not comment on the difference between singular and plural forms. Use a natural way in your language to refer to one or more people who are in the same category.

Many of the proverbs in this section express a general principle in abstract terms. They are not addressed specifically to the readers. For example, 10:2a–b says:

Ill-gotten treasures are of no value,

but righteousness delivers from death.

However, the author intended his readers to understand these proverbs as advice that they should follow. In some languages, authors or speakers give advice more directly, using pronouns such as you(sing), you(plur), we(dual), or we(incl). See the note on 10:2 for translation suggestions.

Some other headings for this section are:

Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

The Wise Words of Solomon (NCV)

Here are many wise things that Solomon said

19:7

The first two lines are similar in meaning. The third line describes a situation that results from the first two lines.

7a All the brothers of a poor man hate him —

7bhow much more do his friends avoid him!

7cHe may pursue them with pleading, but they are nowhere to be found.

The first two lines are an example of lesser to greater reasoning. See 11:31 for a list of other verses in Proverbs that have this kind of reasoning.

19:7a–b

All the brothers of a poor man hate him—how much more do his friends avoid him!: The situation in these two lines goes from bad to worse. It is assumed that a person’s own brothers would have an obligation as family members to help him.Toy (page 370). If even his own relatives despise and reject him, it will be worse with his friends. Mere friends will be even more likely to avoid him.

Some other ways to express the relationship between these two lines are:

If the poor are hated even by their kin, how much more are they shunned by their friends! (NRSV)

Even the relatives of a poor person have no use for him; no wonder he has no friends. (GNT)

19:7a

All the brothers of a poor man hate him—

All the brothers of a poor man: The word that the BSB translates here as brothers may refer specifically to the siblings of the poor person. It may also refer more generally to other blood relatives.

hate him: The word that the BSB translates as hate includes the meanings “shunned,” “despised,” and “rejected.”Fox (page 651) and Toy (page 370) think that this word refers here to literal hatred. Whybray (page 277) thinks that the meaning “dislike” or “avoid” is more likely. UBS (page 400) agrees, in light of the parallel term “avoid” or “shun” in 19:7b. You should choose a term that is culturally appropriate for the situation described in this verse.

Some other ways to translate 19:7a are:

All the poor man’s brothers hate him (NAB)

All the brothers of a poor man despise him (NJPS)

If you are poor, your own relatives reject you (CEV)

19:7b

how much more do his friends avoid him!

how much more do his friends avoid him!: The word friends is singular in Hebrew. But it probably refers to the poor person’s friends or companions as a group.Whybray (page 277), UBS (page 400).

avoid him: The word that the BSB translates here as avoid is literally “become distant” or “distance themselves.”Waltke (page 88), Fox (page 651). Some other ways to translate this word are:

desert him (NJB)

shun him (NAB)

abandon him (NASB)

go far from him (ESV)

19:7c

He may pursue them with pleading, but they are nowhere to be found.

He may pursue them with pleading, but they are nowhere to be found: Verse 19:7c is a single clause in Hebrew. Most scholars agree that the meaning is unclear. However, Waltke (page 103), UBS (page 400), Longman (page 366), and Hubbard (page 295) all suggest a meaning that is similar to the NIV, NRSV, or NET. Verse 19:7c is a single clause in Hebrew. It is literally “one who pursues words, not they.”McKane (page 527), Murphy (page 143). It indicates that when the poor man persists in asking his friends and relatives for help, they do not respond. It is as if they are not even there.

He may pursue them with pleading: This phrase has a figurative meaning. It means that the poor person pleads persistently for help. It does not mean that he literally chases his friends or relatives.

Some other ways to translate 19:7c are:

he pursues them with words, but they do not respond (NET)

When he pleads for their help, they act as if they are not there.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

אֲחֵי

brothers_of

Although the term brothers is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. See how you translated the same use of brothers in [6:19](../06/19.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

רָ֨שׁ ׀ שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗⁠הוּ & מְ֭רֵעֵ⁠הוּ & מִמֶּ֑⁠נּוּ מְרַדֵּ֖ף

poor they,hate_him & friend[s]_of,his_close & from=him/it pursues

Here, one who is poor, him, his, and He refer to a type of person in general, not one particular poor person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. See how you translated one who is poor in [14:20](../14/20.md). Alternate translation: “any person who is poor hate that person … that person’s friends … from that person! That person pursues”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗⁠הוּ

they,hate_him

This could mean: (1) these people despise the one who is poor, as in the UST. (2) these people avoid or shun one who is poor, which would have a meaning similar to go far away from in the next clause. Alternate translation: “shun him”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

מְרַדֵּ֖ף אֲמָרִ֣ים לא־הֵֽמָּה

pursues words/messages לא they(emph)

Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “He pursues them with words, but they are not there”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

מְרַדֵּ֖ף אֲמָרִ֣ים

pursues words/messages

Here Solomon refers to someone pleading for help from his brothers and friends as if he were using words to chase them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He pleads with them for help”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

אֲמָרִ֣ים

words/messages

See how you translated the same use of words in [1:23](../01/23.md).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. All of
    2. -
    3. 3671
    5. 393653
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274422
    1. +the brothers of
    2. -
    3. 653
    5. 393654
    6. S-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274423
    1. one who +is poor
    2. -
    3. 7395
    5. 393656
    6. S-Vqrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274425
    1. they hate him
    2. -
    3. 8101,1978
    5. 393658,393659
    6. VO-Vqp3cp,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274427
    1. indeed
    2. -
    3. 545
    5. 393660
    6. S-Ta
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274428
    1. if/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 393661
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274429
    1. friend[s] of his close
    2. friends
    3. 4288,1978
    5. 393662,393663
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274430
    1. they are distant
    2. -
    3. 7281
    5. 393664
    6. V-Vqp3cp
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274431
    1. from him/it
    2. -
    3. 4129,1978
    5. 393665,393666
    6. S-R,Sp1cp
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274432
    1. he +is pursuing
    2. -
    3. 7259
    5. 393667
    6. V-Vprmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274433
    1. words/messages
    2. messages
    3. 335
    5. 393668
    6. O-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274434
    1. wwww
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    4. K
    5. 393669
    6. P-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274435
    1. they
    2. -
    3. 1877
    5. 393672
    6. S-Pp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274438

OET (OET-LV) All_of the_brothers_of one_who_is_poor they_hate_him indeed if/because friend[s]_of_his_close they_are_distant from_him/it he_is_pursuing words/messages wwww[fn] they.

19:7 OSHB variant note: לא: (x-qere) ’ל/וֹ’: lemma_l morph_HR/Sp3ms id_20xJG ל/וֹ

OET (OET-RV) All the relatives of a poor person hates them,
 ⇔ → so how much more do their friends avoid them.
 ⇔ The poor person sends messages after them, but they’re no longer around.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 19:7 ↑ → ► ║ ©