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Prov C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31

Prov 19 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V27 V28 V29

OET interlinear PROV 19:26

◄ ← PROV 19:26 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. מְשַׁדֶּד
    2. 393902
    3. one who assaults of
    4. assault
    5. 7703
    6. V-Vprmsc
    7. [one_who]_assaults_of
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274621
    2. 393903
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274622
    1. אָב
    2. 393904
    3. a father
    4. fathers
    5. 1
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. a_father
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274623
    1. יַבְרִיחַ
    2. 393905
    3. who he drives away
    4. drive
    5. 1272
    6. V-Vhi3ms
    7. [who]_he_drives_away
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274624
    1. אֵם
    2. 393906
    3. a mother
    4. mothers
    5. 517
    6. O-Ncfsa
    7. a_mother
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274625
    1. בֵּן
    2. 393907
    3. +is a son
    4. -
    6. P-Ncmsa
    7. [is]_a_son
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274626
    1. מֵבִישׁ
    2. 393908
    3. who brings shame
    4. shame
    5. 954
    6. P-Vhrmsa
    7. [who]_brings_shame
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274627
    1. וּ,מַחְפִּיר
    2. 393909,393910
    3. and who causes shame
    4. reproach
    5. 2659
    6. P-C,Vhrmsa
    7. and_[who],causes_shame
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274628
    2. 393911
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274629

OET (OET-LV) one_who_assaults_of a_father who_he_drives_away a_mother is_a_son who_brings_shame and_who_causes_shame.

OET (OET-RV) Children who assault their fathers and drive away their mothers
 ⇔ → bring shame and reproach.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:1–22:16: This is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs. It has a very different structure from the longer poetic lectures of chapters 1–9. It consists mostly of individual couplets (two-line poems) that are each one verse in length. With the exception of the title (10:1a), paragraph breaks will not be indicated in the Notes or Display. You may of course choose to start each proverb as a separate paragraph in your translation.

In chapters 10–15, most of these one-verse couplets express a contrast between the two lines. One of the more common contrasts is between the righteous/wise and the wicked/foolish and the different consequences of their conduct.

In chapters 16:1–22:16, more topics are discussed. There is more emphasis on the role of the king and other leaders. In these chapters, there are few proverbs with contrasting lines. Some of the parallel lines are similar in meaning. More frequently, the second line adds to what the first line says or gives an example. Most of the verses have no obvious connection with the previous or following proverbs.UBS (page 214), Fox (page 509), McKane (page 413). Many scholars, including McKane, point out that there are some topical groupings as well as poetic connections. These include the repetition of certain words or sounds. This observation does not deny the individual nature of most of the proverbs in this Section.

Two of the types of proverbs in this section are not found in chapters 1–9. One type contains logical reasoning from the lesser to the greater. See 11:31 for a list of these proverbs. There are also several varieties of complex “better than” proverbs. The most common have a contrasting situation in each line (see 12:9). For other varieties, see 16:16, 19:1, and 21:9.

Many of the proverbs in this section refer to categories of people who share a common trait. For example, they refer to the righteous, the wise, the poor, and the lazy. In Hebrew, some verses use singular forms to refer to these groups of people. Other verses use plural forms. Still others use a combination of singular and plural. See the note on 10:30a–b for one example. For most of these verses, the Notes will not comment on the difference between singular and plural forms. Use a natural way in your language to refer to one or more people who are in the same category.

Many of the proverbs in this section express a general principle in abstract terms. They are not addressed specifically to the readers. For example, 10:2a–b says:

Ill-gotten treasures are of no value,

but righteousness delivers from death.

However, the author intended his readers to understand these proverbs as advice that they should follow. In some languages, authors or speakers give advice more directly, using pronouns such as you(sing), you(plur), we(dual), or we(incl). See the note on 10:2 for translation suggestions.

Some other headings for this section are:

Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

The Wise Words of Solomon (NCV)

Here are many wise things that Solomon said

19:26

This proverb describes a son who mistreats his parents, causing terrible disgrace. The son’s actions in the first line are parallel to each other.

26aHe who assaults his father or evicts his mother

26bis a son who brings shame and disgrace.

19:26a

He who assaults his father or evicts his mother

He who assaults his father or evicts his mother: The word that the BSB translates as assaults means “mistreats,” or “acts violently against.”The Piel form of this verb occurs only twice, here and in 24:15, where it refers to robbing or raiding a righteous man’s house. TWOT (#2331), NIDOTTE (H8720), and BDB (#7703) all suggest the meaning “maltreat” for this form of the verb. NIDOTTE and BDB also suggest “assault.” HALOT (#9383) defines the word in this verse as “perpetrate violence.” It could refer to a violent physical attack.The GW and NASB have: “assaults his father.” This wording indicates a physical attack. The RSV and ESV have: “does violence to,” which also implies physical violence. But it probably indicates here that the son forcibly deprived his elderly father of the property that belonged to the family. He may have done this by prematurely taking over the property that he normally would have inherited from his father.This interpretation is suggested by Fox (page 660), Hubbard (page 258), Waltke (page 123), Murphy (page 146), and Ross (page 1038). No scholars specifically suggest that the son physically attacked the father and chased him out of the house. In doing this, he forced both his father and mother out of their house.Waltke (page 123) suggests that driving the mother from the house was a result that accompanied the father’s ruin. In any case, “father” and “mother” are a typical word pair in Proverbs. The parallelism strongly implies that the son deprived both of his parents of the care that he ought to have given them in their own home. The other scholars mentioned in the previous footnote concur with this conclusion.

Some other ways to translate 19:26a are:

He who ill-treats his father and drives out his mother (NJB)

A son who takes his father’s property and forces his mother and father to leave their home

19:26b

is a son who brings shame and disgrace.

is a son who brings shame and disgrace: A son who mistreats his parents causes shame and disgrace to them and possibly also to himself.NIDOTTE (H1017), Waltke (page 123). The words shame and disgrace mean almost the same thing. They are probably used together here for emphasis.

In some languages, the same word is used for both “shame” and “disgrace.” If that is true in your language, you may be able to express the emphasis in a different way. For example:

causes great/terrible shame

Some other ways to translate this line are:

is a shameful and disgraceful son (NASB)

[Children who…] are an embarrassment and a public disgrace (NLT)

See the note on 13:5b. The same terms also occur there.

General Comment on 19:26a–b

In some languages, it may be more natural to reorder the parts of this verse. For example:

How utterly disgraceful it is for a son to take his father’s property by force and send his parents out of their own home!

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

מְֽשַׁדֶּד & מֵבִ֥ישׁ וּ⁠מַחְפִּֽיר

does_violence_of & shame and_[who],causes_shame

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of violence, shame, and embarrassment, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated violence in [3:31](../03/31.md) and shame in [6:33](../06/33.md). Alternate translation: “One who is violent … who shames and embarrasses”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

מְֽשַׁדֶּד־אָ֭ב

does_violence_of father

One who does violence here refers to this type of person in general, not a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who does violence”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

אָ֭ב & אֵ֑ם

father & mother_of

Solomon implies that father and mother here refer to the father and mother of the One who does violence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to his father … his mother” or “to that person’s father … that person’s mother”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

בֵּ֝֗ן

son

Although son is masculine, Solomon is using those words in a generic sense that could refer to either a male or female child. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “is a child”

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. one who assaults of
    2. assault
    3. 7781
    5. 393902
    6. V-Vprmsc
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274621
    1. a father
    2. fathers
    3. 613
    5. 393904
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274623
    1. who he drives away
    2. drive
    3. 1227
    5. 393905
    6. V-Vhi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274624
    1. a mother
    2. mothers
    3. 334
    5. 393906
    6. O-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274625
    1. +is a son
    2. -
    3. 1043
    5. 393907
    6. P-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274626
    1. who brings shame
    2. shame
    3. 1279
    5. 393908
    6. P-Vhrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274627
    1. and who causes shame
    2. reproach
    3. 1987,2604
    5. 393909,393910
    6. P-C,Vhrmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274628

OET (OET-LV) one_who_assaults_of a_father who_he_drives_away a_mother is_a_son who_brings_shame and_who_causes_shame.

OET (OET-RV) Children who assault their fathers and drive away their mothers
 ⇔ → bring shame and reproach.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 19:26 ↑ → ► ║ ©