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Prov C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31

Prov 21 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31

OET interlinear PROV 21:15

◄ ← PROV 21:15 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. שִׂמְחָה
    2. 394511
    3. +is a joy
    4. -
    5. 8057
    6. P-Ncfsa
    7. [is]_a_joy
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275105
    1. לַ,צַּדִּיק
    2. 394512,394513
    3. to person
    4. ≈godly
    5. 6662
    6. S-Rd,Aamsa
    7. to,[person]
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275106
    1. עֲשׂוֹת
    2. 394514
    3. to do
    4. -
    6. V-Vqc
    7. to_do
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275107
    1. מִשְׁפָּט
    2. 394515
    3. justice
    4. justice
    5. 4941
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. justice
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275108
    1. וּ,מְחִתָּה
    2. 394516,394517
    3. and terror
    4. terror
    5. 4288
    6. SP-C,Ncfsa
    7. and,terror
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275109
    1. לְ,פֹעֲלֵי
    2. 394518,394519
    3. to those who do of
    4. ≈those
    5. 6466
    6. S-R,Vqrmpc
    7. to,[those_who]_do_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275110
    1. אָוֶן
    2. 394520
    3. (of) wickedness
    4. wicked
    5. 205
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. (of)_wickedness
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275111
    2. 394521
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275112

OET (OET-LV) is_a_joy to_person to_do justice and_terror to_those_who_do_of (of)_wickedness.

OET (OET-RV) The godly person enjoys promoting justice,
 ⇔ ^ but brings terror to those doing wicked things.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:1–22:16: This is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs. It has a very different structure from the longer poetic lectures of chapters 1–9. It consists mostly of individual couplets (two-line poems) that are each one verse in length. With the exception of the title (10:1a), paragraph breaks will not be indicated in the Notes or Display. You may of course choose to start each proverb as a separate paragraph in your translation.

In chapters 10–15, most of these one-verse couplets express a contrast between the two lines. One of the more common contrasts is between the righteous/wise and the wicked/foolish and the different consequences of their conduct.

In chapters 16:1–22:16, more topics are discussed. There is more emphasis on the role of the king and other leaders. In these chapters, there are few proverbs with contrasting lines. Some of the parallel lines are similar in meaning. More frequently, the second line adds to what the first line says or gives an example. Most of the verses have no obvious connection with the previous or following proverbs.UBS (page 214), Fox (page 509), McKane (page 413). Many scholars, including McKane, point out that there are some topical groupings as well as poetic connections. These include the repetition of certain words or sounds. This observation does not deny the individual nature of most of the proverbs in this Section.

Two of the types of proverbs in this section are not found in chapters 1–9. One type contains logical reasoning from the lesser to the greater. See 11:31 for a list of these proverbs. There are also several varieties of complex “better than” proverbs. The most common have a contrasting situation in each line (see 12:9). For other varieties, see 16:16, 19:1, and 21:9.

Many of the proverbs in this section refer to categories of people who share a common trait. For example, they refer to the righteous, the wise, the poor, and the lazy. In Hebrew, some verses use singular forms to refer to these groups of people. Other verses use plural forms. Still others use a combination of singular and plural. See the note on 10:30a–b for one example. For most of these verses, the Notes will not comment on the difference between singular and plural forms. Use a natural way in your language to refer to one or more people who are in the same category.

Many of the proverbs in this section express a general principle in abstract terms. They are not addressed specifically to the readers. For example, 10:2a–b says:

Ill-gotten treasures are of no value,

but righteousness delivers from death.

However, the author intended his readers to understand these proverbs as advice that they should follow. In some languages, authors or speakers give advice more directly, using pronouns such as you(sing), you(plur), we(dual), or we(incl). See the note on 10:2 for translation suggestions.

Some other headings for this section are:

Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

The Wise Words of Solomon (NCV)

Here are many wise things that Solomon said

21:15

This proverb contrasts the different responses of righteous people and evildoers to the doing of justice.

15aJustice executed is a joy to the righteous

15bbut a terror to the workers of iniquity.

In Hebrew, the verse is literally “joy to/for the righteous to do justice and/but terror to/for doers of wickedness.” The BSB has supplied the verb “is.”

21:15a

Justice executed is a joy to the righteous,

Justice executed is a joy to the righteous: There are two ways to interpret who accomplishes Justice:

  1. People in general accomplish justice. It brings righteous people joy when someone in the government or community does what is right or accomplishes justice for others. For example:

    When justice is done, good people are happy (GNT) (BSB, CEV, ESV, GW, NCV, NIV, NRSV, REB, GNT)These versions all have: “When justice is done…” In English, this passive wording implies a legal process carried out by others.

  2. Righteous people do justice. It brings them joy when they do what is right or when they accomplish justice for others. For example:

    Doing what is right fills the upright with joy (NJB) (KJV, NAB, NET, NJB)

The Hebrew phrase can be understood either way. In some languages, it may be possible to translate this phrase so that either meaning is understood. If it is not possible, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), along with most versions. This interpretation forms a better contrast with the parallel phrase “terror to the workers of iniquity.”

Another way to translate 21:15a is:

Righteous people feel joy when their fellowmen treat others fairly/justly.

21:15b

but a terror to the workers of iniquity.

but a terror to the workers of iniquity: This phrase describes the emotion that workers of iniquity feel when legal or social justice is accomplished. They are afraid or dismayedThe word that the BSB translates as “terror” usually describes “ruin” or “destruction.” NIDOTTE (H3169) lists seven other verses in Proverbs where the word refers to ruin. Whybray, Longman, Murphy, and Toy all view “ruin” as a consequence of evil deeds, not as an emotion that contrasts with joy. See NJPS “ruination” and NCV “are ruined.” However, BDB (#4288) and HALOT (#5071) list Proverbs 21:15 under “dismay” and “terror,” respectively. Most other English versions support this choice, along with Waltke, UBS, Ross, and Kidner. The main reason is that “terror/dismay” forms a better parallel with the contrasting word “joy.” Both are emotions. These different senses have not been discussed in the Notes because almost all versions use “terror” or “dismay” here. when criminals are punished for breaking the law or when the rights of poor people are defended. Some other ways to translate this line are:

but it causes dismay among evildoers (REB)

but troublemakers are terrified (GW)

but evil people are brought to despair (GNT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

שִׂמְחָ֣ה לַ֭⁠צַּדִּיק & וּ֝⁠מְחִתָּ֗ה

joy to,[person] & and,terror

A joy, the righteous one, and a terror refer to these things and people in general, not to specific things or people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Joy is for righteous ones … but terror”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

שִׂמְחָ֣ה & מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּ֝⁠מְחִתָּ֗ה & אָֽוֶן

joy & justice and,terror & iniquity

See how you translated the abstract nouns joy in [10:28](../10/28.md), justice in [13:23](../13/23.md), terror in [10:24](../10/24.md), and iniquity in [12:21](../12/21.md).

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

וּ֝⁠מְחִתָּ֗ה לְ⁠פֹ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן

and,terror to,[those_who]_do_of iniquity

Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but doing justice is a terror for doers of iniquity”

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. +is a joy
    2. -
    3. 8032
    5. 394511
    6. P-Ncfsa
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275105
    1. to person
    2. ≈godly
    3. 3705,6599
    5. 394512,394513
    6. S-Rd,Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275106
    1. to do
    2. -
    3. 6035
    5. 394514
    6. V-Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275107
    1. justice
    2. justice
    3. 4244
    5. 394515
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275108
    1. and terror
    2. terror
    3. 1987,3908
    5. 394516,394517
    6. SP-C,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275109
    1. to those who do of
    2. ≈those
    3. 3705,6387
    5. 394518,394519
    6. S-R,Vqrmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275110
    1. (of) wickedness
    2. wicked
    3. 646
    5. 394520
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275111

OET (OET-LV) is_a_joy to_person to_do justice and_terror to_those_who_do_of (of)_wickedness.

OET (OET-RV) The godly person enjoys promoting justice,
 ⇔ ^ but brings terror to those doing wicked things.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 21:15 ↑ → ► ║ ©