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UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew

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פתח

Strong’s: A6606 · H6605

Associated OET lemmas: פְּתַח · פָּתַח

Notes: Passage: OET PSA 118:19
There is some doubt as to whether this refers to the gates of the temple or to those of Jerusalem.; Passage: OET KI2 15:16
There is no explicit indirect object here; Passage: OET KI1 20:11
Due to the condensed language of this proverb the direct object is not given in the text.; Passage: OET ISA 52:2
{A:MT-K} {A:HOTTP}-C {A:NJB} התפתחו (to be read as a pf.3mp) | {A:MT-Q} {A:RSV} {A:NIV} {A:NJPS} {A:NRSV} {A:REB} {A:GNT} {A:CEV} התפתחי; Passage: OET JOB 12:18
MT {A:HOTTP}-B מוּסָר | {A:RSV} {A:NIV} {A:NJPS} {A:NJB} {A:NRSV} {A:REB} מֹוסֵר

Authors: Reinier de Blois

Form 1

Part of speech: vb

Related names: פְּתַחְיָה

Related lemmas: מִפְתָּח · מִפְתָּח · מַפְתֵּחַ · פִּתּוּחַ · פֵּתַח · פֶּתַח · פִּתָּחֹון · פְּתִיחָה

Sense 1: to open, to open up

Semantic domains: Open (002001001039)

Core domains: Access (002)

Definition: = process by which objects open up ► in order to give access to something located inside or to create a passage

Forms: vbqal-; vbpiel; vbpeal

All 5 recorded passages for this sense

JOB: OET JOB 29:19

PSA: OET PSA 106:17

SNG: OET SNG 7:12

ISA: OET ISA 45:8

DAN: OET DAN 6:10

Sense 2: to open

Semantic domains: Open (002001001039)

Core domains: Access (002)

Definition: = causative action by which humans or deities allow others entrance, passage, or access (in)to a building, construction, or area ◄ by withdrawing a gate, door, window, lid, covering, or other boundary; ≈ sometimes associated with freedom, sometimes with being exposed, vulnerable

Forms: vbqal-; vbpiel; vbnif- (passive); vbpeil (passive)

Antonyms: סגר

Show passage in OET: GEN 7:11

OET-RV GEN 7:11

11 When Noah was 600 years old (and around the beginning of May), deep underwater geysers in the ocean started spouting out water, and the skies began to drop heavy rain

OET-LV GEN 7:11

11 In_year six hundred(s) year of_the_life_of of_Noaḩ in_month the_second on_the_seven- teen day of_month in_the_day the_this all_of the_springs_of the_deep great they_were_split_open and_the_windows_of the_heavens they_were_opened.
Show passage in OET: GEN 8:6

OET-RV GEN 8:6

6 Then after another forty days, Noah opened a window near the top of the chest

OET-LV GEN 8:6

6 And_he/it_was from_the_end/extremity forty day[s] and_ Noaḩ _he_opened DOM the_window_of the_box which he_had_made.

Jump to OET GEN 7:11 section.

Jump to OET GEN 8:6 section.

All 54 recorded passages for this sense

GEN: OET GEN 7:11 · OET GEN 8:6 · OET GEN 41:56 · OET GEN 42:27 · OET GEN 43:21 · OET GEN 44:11

EXO: OET EXO 2:6 · OET EXO 21:33

NUM: OET NUM 19:15

DEU: OET DEU 28:12

JOS: OET JOS 8:17 · OET JOS 10:22

JDG: OET JDG 3:25 · OET JDG 4:19 · OET JDG 19:27

SA1: OET SA1 3:15

KI2: OET KI2 9:3 · OET KI2 9:10 · OET KI2 13:17

CH2: OET CH2 29:3

NEH: OET NEH 6:5 · OET NEH 8:5 · OET NEH 13:19

JOB: OET JOB 31:32 · OET JOB 32:19 · OET JOB 41:14

PSA: OET PSA 5:9 · OET PSA 37:14 · OET PSA 78:23 · OET PSA 105:41 · OET PSA 118:19

ISA: OET ISA 22:22 · OET ISA 24:18 · OET ISA 26:2 · OET ISA 28:24 · OET ISA 41:18 · OET ISA 45:1 · OET ISA 60:11

JER: OET JER 5:16 · OET JER 13:19 · OET JER 50:25–26

EZE: OET EZE 21:28 · OET EZE 37:12–13 · OET EZE 44:2 · OET EZE 46:1 · OET EZE 46:12

DAN: OET DAN 7:10

NAH: OET NAH 2:6 · OET NAH 3:13

ZEC: OET ZEC 11:1 · OET ZEC 13:1

MAL: OET MAL 3:10

Sense 3: to open the door or gate for (someone)

Semantic domains: Open (002001001039)

Core domains: Access (002)

Definition: = causative action by which humans allow other humans entrance, passage, or access (in)to a building, construction, or area ◄ by opening a door or gate

Forms: vbqal-

All 7 recorded passages for this sense

DEU: OET DEU 20:11

KI2: OET KI2 15:16

NEH: OET NEH 7:3

SNG: OET SNG 5:2 · OET SNG 5:5–6

EZE: OET EZE 1:1

Sense 4: to enable to speak

Semantic domains: Able (002001001001)

Core domains: Ability (001); Body (019); Sound (165)

Definition: literally: to open (someone else's) mouth; hence: = causative action by which deities give humans or animals the ability to speak

Forms: vbqal-; vbnif- (passive)

Collocations: פתח פֶּה

All 4 recorded passages for this sense

NUM: OET NUM 22:28

EZE: OET EZE 3:27 · OET EZE 24:27 · OET EZE 33:22

Sense 5: to enable (someone) to have children

Semantic domains: Able (002001001001)

Core domains: Ability (001); Body (019); Childbirth (030)

Definition: literally: to open (someone's) womb; hence: = causative action by which deities enable humans to bear children

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: פתח רֶחֶם

Sense 6: to enable to speak

Semantic domains: Able (002001001001)

Core domains: Ability (001); Body (019); Sound (165)

Definition: literally: to open (someone's) lips; hence: = causative action by which deities enable humans to speak

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: פתח שָׂפָה

Sense 7: to loose, to untie, to undo

Semantic domains: Detach (002003001008)

Definition: = action by which humans detach an object that is tied around them

Forms: vbhit-

Show passage in OET: KI1 20:11

OET-RV KI1 20:11

11 Yisrael’s king replied, “Tell Ben-Hadad that someone who’s heading to battle shouldn’t boast like someone relaxing after his victory.”

OET-LV KI1 20:11

11 And_ the_king_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) _he_answered and_he/it_said speak not one_who_girds_on let_him_boast like_one_who_loosens.
Show passage in OET: ISA 5:27

OET-RV ISA 5:27

27 Those enemy armies won’t get tired or stumble.
 ⇔ ≈ They won’t stop for a rest or to sleep.
 ⇔ They never take their weapons off,
 ⇔ ≈ or loosen the straps on their sandals.

OET-LV ISA 5:27

27 There_is_not a_weary_one and_there_is_not one_who_stumbles in/on/over_him/it not anyone_will_slumber and_not anyone_will_sleep and_not the_loincloth_of its_loins_of_his it_has_been_opened and_not a_thong_of its_sandals_of_his it_has_been_torn_apart.

Jump to OET KI1 20:11 section.

Jump to OET ISA 5:27 section.

All 4 recorded passages for this sense

KI1: OET KI1 20:11

ISA: OET ISA 5:27 · OET ISA 20:2 · OET ISA 52:2

Sense 8: to loose, to untie

Semantic domains: Detach (002003001008)

Core domains: Control (040)

Definition: = causative action by which humans remove a rope linking two objects

Forms: vbpiel

Antonyms: קשׁר

Show passage in OET: JOB 38:31

OET-RV JOB 38:31

 ⇔  31 Can you tie together the stars of Pleiades,
 ⇔ ≈ or loosen Orion’s belt?

OET-LV JOB 38:31

31 Will_you_bind_on the_bonds_of Pleiades or the_cords_of Orion will_you_loosen.

Jump to OET JOB 38:31 section.

Sense 9: to unharness, to unload

Semantic domains: Detach (002003001008)

Definition: = causative action by which humans release animals from bridles and loads and everything else that hampers them

Forms: vbpiel

Sense 10: "to ungird (someone's) sackcloth" = to bring joy (to someone)

Semantic domains: Rejoice (002001002022)

Core domains: Joy and Grief (093)

Definition: literally: to ungird (someone's) sackcloth; hence: = causative action by which deities bring joy into the life of humans, ◄ as if by removing the mourning clothes they wear

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח שַׂק

Show passage in OET: PSA 30:12

OET-RV PSA 30:11

11 You’ve turned my mourning into dancing for me.
 ⇔ You’ve removed my mourning clothes and dressed me with gladness instead.

OET-LV PSA 30:12

12  You_turned wailing_of_my into_dancing to_me you_loosened sackcloth_of_my and_you_girded_me joy.

Jump to OET PSA 30:11 section.

Sense 11: "to ungird (someone's) correction" = to depose

Semantic domains: Non-Role (002002002009)

Core domains: Authority (015)

Definition: literally: to ungird (someone's) correction; hence: = causative action by which deities remove humans from a position of authority, ◄ as if that authority was symbolized by the belt around their waist

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח מוּסָר

Show passage in OET: JOB 12:18

OET-RV JOB 12:18

18 He undoes the chains of the king’s prisoners,
 ⇔ and wraps a cloth around their naked loins.

OET-LV JOB 12:18

18 The_correction_of kings he_loosens and_he_bound a_loincloth on_loins_of_their.

Jump to OET JOB 12:18 section.

Sense 12: "to ungird (someone's) loins" = to depose

Semantic domains: Non-Role (002002002009)

Core domains: Authority (015)

Definition: literally: to ungird (someone's) loins; hence: = causative action by which humans remove other humans from a position of authority, ◄ as if that authority was symbolized by the belt around their waist

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח מָתְנַיִם

Sense 13: "to loose bonds of wickedness" = to release (people) that are kept in bondage unjustly

Semantic domains: Non-Engage (002003003011)

Core domains: Freedom and Bondage (070)

Definition: literally: to loose the bonds of wickedness; hence: = action by which humans let go of an activity directed at other humans that is considered evil, ◄ as if this activity was a rope or chain by which those others were tied

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח חַרְצֻבֹּות רֶשַׁע

Show passage in OET: ISA 58:6

OET-RV ISA 58:6

 ⇔  6 Isn’t this the fast that I would prefer?
 ⇔ When you all remove chains that were wickedly put on others,
 ⇔ ≈ and undo the ropes from the yoke that forced them to comply?
 ⇔ Let go all those who’ve been crushed,
 ⇔ ≈ and break every yoke that burdened them.

OET-LV ISA 58:6

6 Am_not is_this the_fast which_I_choose_it to_loosen the_bonds_of wickedness to_unfasten the_bindings_of the_yoke-bar and_to_let_go those_who_are_crushed free and_all yoke-bar you(pl)_will_tear_apart.

Jump to OET ISA 58:6 section.

Sense 14: "to loose (someone's) bonds" = to deliver (someone)

Semantic domains: Safe (002003003018)

Core domains: Security (152)

Definition: literally: to loose (someone's) bonds; hence: = causative action by which deities save humans from danger, ◄ as if by releasing them from the trap in which they were caught

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח לְמֹוסְרֹות

Show passage in OET: PSA 116:16

OET-RV PSA 116:16

16 Yahweh, I’m definitely your servant.
 ⇔ I’m your servant—the son of your servant woman.
 ⇔ You’ve released me from my chains.

OET-LV PSA 116:16

16 Please Oh_YHWH if/because I servant_of_am_your I servant_of_am_your the_son_of your(ms)_female_slave you_have_loosened (to)_fetters_of_my.

Jump to OET PSA 116:16 section.

Sense 15: "to untie (someone's) bowstring" = to weaken (someone)

Semantic domains: Weak (002001001065)

Core domains: Strength (172)

Definition: literally: to untie (someone's) bowstring; hence: = causative action by which deities remove humans from a position of power and status, ◄ as if by removing the string from their bow to disarm them

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח יֶתֶר

Show passage in OET: JOB 30:11

OET-RV JOB 30:11

11 God has unstrung my bow and humbled me,
 ⇔ so they don’t restrain themselves in my presence.

OET-LV JOB 30:11

11 If/because mmm he_has_loosened and_he_has_afflicted_me and_the_halter from_before_of_me they_have_sent_away.

Jump to OET JOB 30:11 section.

Sense 16: to explain, to solve

Semantic domains: Easy (002001003005)

Core domains: Communication (041); Wisdom (199)

Definition: literally: to open up words; hence: = causative action by which humans make difficult words easy to understand

Forms: vbqal-

Sense 17: to release, to set free

Semantic domains: Free (002003002013)

Core domains: Freedom and Bondage (070)

Definition: literally: to loose (someone's) bonds; hence: = causative action by which a deity allows a domesticated animal become a wild animal

Forms: vbpiel

Collocations: פתח מֹוסְרֹות

Sense 18: to release, to set free

Semantic domains: Free (002003002013)

Core domains: Freedom and Bondage (070)

Definition: = causative action by which humans and deities release a prisoner

Forms: vbqal-; vbpiel; vbnif- (passive)

Antonyms: סגר

All 6 recorded passages for this sense

JOB: OET JOB 12:14

PSA: OET PSA 102:20 · OET PSA 105:20

ISA: OET ISA 14:17 · OET ISA 51:14

JER: OET JER 40:4

Sense 19: to open, to let loose

Semantic domains: Happen (002002003003)

Definition: literally: to open an event; hence: = causative action by which humans cause or allow an event to happen

Forms: vbqal-; vbnif- (passive)

Show passage in OET: JER 1:14

OET-RV JER 1:14

14 ⇔“Yes, disaster will come from the north and be released onto all the inhabitants of this region,” Yahweh continued.

OET-LV JER 1:14

14 And_ YHWH _he/it_said to_me from_the_north (the)_calamity it_will_be_let_untie/release on all_of the_inhabitants_of the_earth/land.
Show passage in OET: AMO 8:5

OET-RV AMO 8:5

5 They say,
 ⇔ “When will the new moon celebrations be over, so we can sell grain again?
 ⇔ ≈ When will the Rest Day be over, so we can sell wheat?
 ⇔ We’ll make the measure small and increase the price,
 ⇔ ≈ as we cheat with false scales.

OET-LV AMO 8:5

5 To_say when the_new_moon will_it_pass so_that_we_may_sell_grain grain and_the_sabbath so_that_we_may_open grain to_make_small an_ʼēyfāh and_to_make_great a_shekel and_to_falsify balances_of deceit.

Jump to OET JER 1:14 section.

Jump to OET AMO 8:5 section.

Sense 20: to enable (someone) to hear

Semantic domains: Hear (002004001003)

Definition: literally: to open (someone's) ear; hence: = causative action by which deities allow humans to hear

Forms: vbqal-; vbpiel; vbnif- (passive)

Collocations: פתח אֹזֶן

Show passage in OET: ISA 35:5

OET-RV ISA 35:5

 ⇔  5 Then the blind will be able to see again,
 ⇔ ≈ and deaf people will be able to hear.

OET-LV ISA 35:5

5 Then the_eyes_of blind_people they_will_be_opened and_the_ears_of deaf_people they_will_be_unstopped.
Show passage in OET: ISA 48:8

OET-RV ISA 48:8

 ⇔  8 No, you hadn’t heard and you didn’t know
 ⇔ because from way back, you never wanted to hear.
 ⇔ Yes, I knew that you act very treacherously
 ⇔ and even from the womb you’ve been called a rebel.

OET-LV ISA 48:8

8 Neither not you_heard nor not you_knew nor from_then not ear_of_your it_opened if/because I_knew surely_(act_treacherously) you_will_act_treacherously and_a_rebel from_the_womb it_has_been_called to/for_you(fs).

Jump to OET ISA 35:5 section.

Jump to OET ISA 48:8 section.

All 3 recorded passages for this sense

ISA: OET ISA 35:5 · OET ISA 48:8 · OET ISA 50:5

Sense 21: to open (one's) mouth

Semantic domains: Ingest (002001001024)

Definition: = action by which humans or animals open their mouth ► in order to eat or swallow something; ≈ here used figuratively about the earth that opens up to swallow someone alive and send that person to the world of the dead

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: פתח פֶּה

Sense 22: to open up

Semantic domains: Speak (002004001009008)

Definition: = process by which (someone's) mouth opens up ► in order to speak

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: פֶּה פתח

Sense 23: to open (one's) mouth (to speak)

Semantic domains: Speak (002004001009008)

Definition: = action by which humans or animals open their mouth ► in order to speak

Forms: vbqal-

Collocations: פתח פֶּה

All 15 recorded passages for this sense

JOB: OET JOB 3:1 · OET JOB 11:5 · OET JOB 32:20 · OET JOB 33:2

PSA: OET PSA 38:13 · OET PSA 39:9 · OET PSA 78:2

PRO: OET PRO 24:7 · OET PRO 31:8–9 · OET PRO 31:26

ISA: OET ISA 53:7

EZE: OET EZE 3:2 · OET EZE 21:22

DAN: OET DAN 10:16

Sense 24: eyes are opened

Semantic domains: See (002004001005)

Definition: literally: (one's) eyes are open; hence: = state in which deities are actively watching out for the good of someone else

Collocations: עֵנַיִם פתח

All 6 recorded passages for this sense

KI1: OET KI1 8:29 · OET KI1 8:52

CH2: OET CH2 6:20 · OET CH2 6:40 · OET CH2 7:15

NEH: OET NEH 1:6

Sense 25: to engrave

Semantic domains: Shape (002001001048)

Core domains: Crafts (027)

Definition: = causative action by which someone carves figures or characters on the surface of a hard object, such as stone or metal, with the help of a sharp tool

Forms: vbpiel; vbpual

Further resources: Realia:1.5.2.1

Synonyms: קלע

All 9 recorded passages for this sense

EXO: OET EXO 28:9 · OET EXO 28:11 · OET EXO 28:36 · OET EXO 39:6

KI1: OET KI1 7:36

CH2: OET CH2 2:7 · OET CH2 2:14 · OET CH2 3:7

ZEC: OET ZEC 3:9

Sense 26: to expose

Semantic domains: Unsafe (002003003021)

Definition: literally: to open (an area); hence: = causative action by which deities allow a certain area to become vulnerable and open to enemy attack

Sense 27: to be generous

Semantic domains: Willing (002001002028)

Core domains: Willingness (197)

Definition: literally: to open (one's) hand; hence: = state in which humans or deities are willing to give

Collocations: פתח פֶּה

All 4 recorded passages for this sense

DEU: OET DEU 15:8 · OET DEU 15:11

PSA: OET PSA 104:28 · OET PSA 145:16