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In this section Jesus told two parables that figuratively describe what the kingdom of God is like. The parable about the mustard seed illustrates the way God’s kingdom grows or expands. The parable about the yeast illustrates the powerful influence that God’s kingdom has in human society.
Some other headings for this section are:
Stories About a Mustard Seed and Yeast (GW)
Two Parables About God’s Rule
There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 13:31–33 and Mark 4:30–32 (the mustard seed parable only).
Again He asked, “To what can I compare the kingdom of God?
¶ Jesus also asked, “What else shall I compare God’s rule with?
¶ Then Jesus said again, “I will now tell you another story/comparison about God’s kingdom/rule.
This paragraph introduces the second of two brief parables describing what God’s kingdom is like. In the Greek text this paragraph begins with a conjunction. Some English versions, such as the RSV, translate it as “And.” Other versions, such as the CEV. translate it as “Then.” The BSB does not translate this word. You should use a natural way in your language to introduce another similar illustration.
Again He asked: The word Again refers to the fact that Jesus had asked a similar question in 13:18.
To what can I compare the kingdom of God?: This is a rhetorical question. Translate this rhetorical question as you translated a similar question in 13:18.
kingdom of God: The phrase kingdom of God also occurs in 13:18a.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion
τίνι ὁμοιώσω τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ?
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πάλιν εἶπεν Τίνι ὁμοιώσω τήν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ)
Jesus once again uses a question as a teaching tool. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate his words as a statement. Alternate translation: [I am going to compare the kingdom of God to something else.]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
τίνι ὁμοιώσω τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ?
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πάλιν εἶπεν Τίνι ὁμοιώσω τήν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ)
See how you decided to translate the phrase the kingdom of God in [4:43](../04/43.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun kingdom with a verb such as “rule.” Alternate translation: [I am going to use another comparison to show you what is it like when God rules.]
13:18-21 The parables of the mustard seed and the yeast reveal the nature of the Kingdom of God. Like a mustard seed, it grows from a tiny size until it becomes large; like yeast leavening dough, it permeates the entire world.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.