LUKE 13:34 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Ἰερουσαλήμ
2. ierousalēm
3. Hierousalaʸm
4. -
5. 24140
6. N····VFS
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. US
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y33; F52259; F52263; F52267; F52290; F52293; F52296; F52302; F52315
11. 52256
1. Ἰερουσαλήμ
2. ierousalēm
3. Hierousalaʸm
4. -
5. 24140
6. N····VFS
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y33
11. 52257
1. ἡ
2. ho
3. the city
4. city
5. 35880
6. R····NFS
7. the ‹city›
8. the ‹city›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52258
1. ἀποκτείνουσα
2. apokteinō
3. killing off
4. -
5. 6150
6. VPPA·NFS
7. killing_off
8. killing_off
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52259
1. τούς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52260
1. προφήτας
2. profētēs
3. prophets
4. prophets
5. 43960
6. N····AMP
7. prophets
8. prophets
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52261
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. but
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52262
1. λιθοβολοῦσα
2. lithoboleō
3. throwing stones
4. throws rocks
5. 30360
6. VPPA·NFS
7. throwing_stones
8. throwing_stones
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52263
1. τούς
2. ho
3. at the ones
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····AMP
7. ˱at˲ the ‹ones›
8. ˱at˲ the ‹ones›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52264
1. ἀπεσταλμένους
2. apostellō
3. having been sent out
4. sent
5. 6490
6. VPEP·AMP
7. ˓having_been˒ sent_out
8. ˓having_been˒ sent_out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52265
1. πρός
2. pros
3. to
4. -
5. 43140
6. P·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52266
1. αὐτήν
2. autos
3. her
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AFS
7. her
8. her
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52267
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. -
11. 52268
1. ποσάκις
2. posakis
3. how often
4. often
5. 42120
6. D·······
7. how_often
8. how_often
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52269
1. ἠθέλησα
2. ethelō
3. I wanted
4. -
5. 23090
6. VIAA1··S
7. ˱I˲ wanted
8. ˱I˲ wanted
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52270
1. ἐπισυνάξαι
2. episunagō
3. to gather together
4. gather together
5. 19960
6. VNAA····
7. ˓to˒ gather_together
8. ˓to˒ gather_together
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52271
1. τά
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····ANP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52272
1. τέκνα
2. teknon
3. children
4. children
5. 50430
6. N····ANP
7. children
8. children
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52273
1. σοῦ
2. su
3. of you
4. your
5. 47710
6. R···2G·S
7. ˱of˲ you
8. ˱of˲ you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52274
1. ὅν
2. hos
3. that
4. -
5. 37390
6. E····AMS
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52275
1. τρόπον
2. tropos
3. manner
4. -
5. 51580
6. N····AMS
7. manner
8. manner
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52276
1. ὄρνις
2. ornis
3. +a hen gathers
4. gathers
5. 37330
6. N····NFS
7. ˓a˒ hen ‹gathers›
8. ˓a˒ hen ‹gathers›
9. -
10. Y33; F52280
11. 52277
1. τήν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52278
1. τά
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····ANP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 52279
1. ἑαυτῆς
2. heautou
3. of herself
4. -
5. 14380
6. R···3GFS
7. ˱of˲ herself
8. ˱of˲ herself
9. -
10. Y33; R52277
11. 52280
1. ἑαυτοῦ
2. heautou
3. -
4. -
5. 14380
6. R···3GNS
7. ˱of˲ itself
8. ˱of˲ itself
9. -
10. -
11. 52281
1. νοσσιάν
2. nossia
3. brood
4. -
5. 35550
6. N····AFS
7. brood
8. brood
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52282
1. νοσσία
2. nossion
3. -
4. -
5. 35560
6. N····ANP
7. chicks
8. chicks
9. -
10. -
11. 52283
1. αὐτῆς
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3GFS
7. ˱of˲ her
8. ˱of˲ her
9. -
10. -
11. 52284
1. ὑπό
2. hupo
3. under
4. under
5. 52590
6. P·······
7. under
8. under
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52285
1. τάς
2. ho
3. her
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFP
7. her
8. her
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52286
1. πτέρυγας
2. pterux
3. wings
4. wings
5. 44200
6. N····AFP
7. wings
8. wings
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52287
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52288
1. οὐκ
2. ou
3. not
4. didn't
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52289
1. ἠθελήσατε
2. ethelō
3. you all wanted
4. -
5. 23090
6. VIAA2··P
7. ˱you_all˲ wanted
8. ˱you_all˲ wanted
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52290

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:31–35: Jesus grieved for the people in Jerusalem

In this section Jesus spoke about how he would die in Jerusalem, as many other prophets had. He mourned that the people of Jerusalem would not turn to him so that he could save them from the coming destruction.

Some other headings for this section are:

Jesus’ Sorrow for Jerusalem (NIV)

Jesus’ Love for the Residents of Jerusalem

There is a parallel passage for this section in Matthew 23:37–39.

Paragraph 13:34–35

In this paragraph Jesus spoke of his great sorrow for the people of Jerusalem. He knew that God would soon forsake them and would no longer protect them. The parallel passage in Matthew is almost identical, but the setting may be different. According to Matthew 21:23 and Matthew 24:1, Jesus may have been in the Temple area when he spoke these words. Here in Luke, he seems to be in Galilee (Herod’s territory) on his way to Jerusalem. Some scholars feel that Jesus may have spoken these words on more than one occasion. You should translate in a way that allows for either possibility.

13:34a

O Jerusalem, Jerusalem,

¶ “Jerusalem, Jerusalem,
¶ “O you people of Jerusalem! You^(plur) have caused me such sorrow!
¶ Then Jesus said, “I am very sad about the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

O Jerusalem, Jerusalem: Jesus was using a figure of speech here. He was speaking to the city of Jerusalem as if it were a person who was present and could hear him. This may seem strange or be hard to understand in some languages. It may be necessary to make it clear that the name of the city represents its inhabitants. For example:

O people of Jerusalem! O people of Jerusalem!

The word Jerusalem is repeated here because that was a normal style for addressing someone in a sad or reproachful way. Some languages may have a different way to indicate this feeling. For example:

Oh how I grieve for you, you people in/from Jerusalem!

Oh! You residents of Jerusalem! I am so sad about you!

In some languages it may also be unnatural to address someone who is not there. If that is true in your language, you may need to adjust this figure of speech so that Jesus is talking about the people in Jerusalem, not talking directly to them. For example:

I feel great sorrow because of the inhabitants of Jerusalem. They kill the prophets…

If you change “you” to “they” in this phrase, you will need to make similar changes to the other pronouns in the rest of this verse and in 13:35.

13:34b

who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her,

You^(sing) kill God’s prophets! Yes, you throw stones at the people God has sent to you!
You people have habitually/repeatedly stoned to death the prophets whom God sent to you.
It has been their custom to kill God’s spokesmen by throwing stones at them.

who kills the prophets: The Greek clause that the BSB translates as who kills the prophets is more literally “the one killing the prophets.” Even though this is in the third person, Jesus was continuing to address the city of Jerusalem directly, as he began to do in 13:34a. If you used a phrase like “you inhabitants of Jerusalem” there, here you may say something like:

you who kill the prophets (NIV)

You would need to use a plural form of “you.”

kills: The Greek word that the BSB translates as kills indicates habitual action. The people living in Jerusalem had murdered God’s prophets over the past centuries and were ready to do so again.

and stones those sent to her: The clause stones those sent to her and the previous clause “who kills the prophets” are parallel, but the verb stones is more specific than “kills.” In some languages, it may be necessary to adjust the parallel statements to show that “kill” and “stone” refer to the same action, and that prophets and those sent refer to the same people. For example:

You have repeatedly killed the prophets! Yes, you have repeatedly stoned those sent to you!

You habitually kill the prophets whom God sends to you by stoning them to death!

stones: The verb stones means to kill someone by throwing stones at them. This was the way in which Jewish leaders usually put criminals to death. In some languages, stones is not used as a verb and stoning is not recognized as a means of execution. If that is true in your language, it may be necessary to use a descriptive phrase. For example:

throw stones at those whom God has sent to you until they die

kill them by throwing stones at them

those sent to her: The verb sent is passive. In some languages it may be necessary to use an active verb and supply the implied subject, God. Although Jesus is speaking in the third person, he is addressing the people of Jerusalem directly, so it may be appropriate in your language to say “you” (plural). For example:

whom God has sent to you

13:34c

how often I have longed to gather your children together

Many times I have wanted very much to protect your^(sing) inhabitants
I have often had a strong desire to spare you^(plur) and your fellow countrymen from danger/judgment
Many times I have wanted to protect the people of Jerusalem so that they will not experience God’s judgment,

13:34d

as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings,

just like a mother chicken gathers her chicks and covers them with her wings.
in the same way that a hen shelters her babies beneath her wings.

13:34c–d

how often: The phrase how often introduces an exclamation. It means “many times.”

I have longed to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings: This is a simile. Jesus was saying that he had wanted to protect the people from danger and from judgment in the way that a mother chicken protects her babies.

your children: The phrase your children is a figurative way to refer to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. It does not refer to literal children. For example:

your people (NCV)

Some scholars feel that Jerusalem represented the whole nation of Israel here. In some translations you may want to put this information in a footnote. For example:

When Jesus spoke about the inhabitants of Jerusalem, he was also including their fellow countrymen.

as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings: Hens gather their chicks under their wings in order to protect them from danger. For example:

as a hen protects her chicks beneath her wings (NLT)

Some languages have a single word or expression that refers to the way mother chickens or other birds protect their babies. If so, you may use it here.

13:34e

but you were unwilling!

But you^(sing) did not want me to do that.
But you^(plur) did not let me protect you.
But they refused to be sheltered/protected by me.

but: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as but introduces the fact that the people refused to let Jesus protect them as he wished. Other versions, such as the RSV, translate this conjunction as “and.” Use a natural way in your language to connect this part of the verse with the statement in 13:34c–d.

you were unwilling: The clause you were unwilling is an ellipsis. It contains implied information. The full clause means “you were unwilling for me to gather and protect you.” The people of Jerusalem refused to trust Jesus as their Messiah, so they could not receive his protection from God’s future judgment.

you: In Greek, the pronoun “your” in the phrase “your children” (13:34c) is singular because it refers to the city. Here the pronoun you is plural because it refers to the people of the city. The pronoun that you decide to use here will depend on how you translated “Jerusalem” and “your children” in the preceding context. See the Display for 13:34e for an example of each option.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / apostrophe

Ἰερουσαλὴμ, Ἰερουσαλήμ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἰερουσαλήμ Ἰερουσαλήμ ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τούς προφήτας καί λιθοβολοῦσα τούς ἀπεσταλμένους πρός αὐτήν ποσάκις ἠθέλησα ἐπισυνάξαι τά τέκνα σοῦ ὅν τρόπον ὄρνις τήν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιάν ὑπό τάς πτέρυγας καί οὐκ ἠθελήσατε)

Jesus is addressing something he knows cannot hear him, the city of Jerusalem, in order to show his listeners in a strong way how he feels about it. Alternate translation: [I am very upset with the city of Jerusalem] or, if you decide to use the second person (See: later note), [I am very upset with you, Jerusalem]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν

the_‹city› killing_off (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἰερουσαλήμ Ἰερουσαλήμ ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τούς προφήτας καί λιθοβολοῦσα τούς ἀπεσταλμένους πρός αὐτήν ποσάκις ἠθέλησα ἐπισυνάξαι τά τέκνα σοῦ ὅν τρόπον ὄρνις τήν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιάν ὑπό τάς πτέρυγας καί οὐκ ἠθελήσατε)

These two phrases mean the same thing. Jesus is likely using repetition for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could combine the phrases. Alternate translation: [the one killing the prophets God sends her by stoning them]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν

Jesus speaks of the city as if it were female. Your language may customarily use neuter pronouns for cities. Alternate translation: [the one killing the prophets and stoning the ones having been sent to it]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν

If your readers would find it strange that Jesus is addressing the city, you could make it clear that he is really speaking about the people who live in the city: “whose people kill the prophets and stone those sent to them”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν

Jesus speaks of the city in the third person, even though he is addressing it directly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the second person. Alternate translation: [you who kill the prophets and stone those who are sent to you]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form, and you could state who has done the action. Alternate translation: [those God has sent to her] or [those God has sent to it] or [those God has sent to you]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / exclamations

ποσάκις ἠθέλησα

how_often ˱I˲_wanted

This is an exclamation and not a question. Alternate translation: [I have desired so often]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐπισυνάξαι τὰ τέκνα σου

˓to˒_gather_together (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἰερουσαλήμ Ἰερουσαλήμ ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τούς προφήτας καί λιθοβολοῦσα τούς ἀπεσταλμένους πρός αὐτήν ποσάκις ἠθέλησα ἐπισυνάξαι τά τέκνα σοῦ ὅν τρόπον ὄρνις τήν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιάν ὑπό τάς πτέρυγας καί οὐκ ἠθελήσατε)

Jesus is describing the people who live in Jerusalem as if they were the children of the city. Alternate translation: [to gather your people]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ὃν τρόπον ὄρνις τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας

Jesus is leaving out the word gathers that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. you could supply this word from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: [the way a hen gathers her own brood under her wings]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / you

σου

Even though Jesus is speaking of the people who live in Jerusalem, he is addressing the city, so your would be singular. The pronoun you would also be a singular pronoun in any case where it is needed in your language as a pronoun for a verb, for example, “you were not willing,” and in the phrase “sent to you,” if you decide to use the second person.

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / simile

ὃν τρόπον ὄρνις τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας

Jesus uses this comparison to describe how he wishes he could care for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: [just as if I were a hen gathering her chicks under her wings]

Note 12 topic: translate-unknown

τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν

The term brood refers collectively to all of the young offspring of a bird. Alternate translation: [her chicks]

Note 13 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας

The implication is that a hen would put her baby chicks there to protect them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: [under her wings to protect them]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Hierousalaʸm
2. -
3. 24140
4. US
5. ierousalēm
6. N-····VFS
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. US
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y33; F52259; F52263; F52267; F52290; F52293; F52296; F52302; F52315
11. 52256
1. Hierousalaʸm
2. -
3. 24140
4. U
5. ierousalēm
6. N-····VFS
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y33
11. 52257
1. the city
2. city
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····NFS
7. the ‹city›
8. the ‹city›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52258
1. killing off
2. -
3. 6150
5. apokteinō
6. V-PPA·NFS
7. killing_off
8. killing_off
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52259
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52260
1. prophets
2. prophets
3. 43960
5. profētēs
6. N-····AMP
7. prophets
8. prophets
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52261
1. and
2. but
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52262
1. throwing stones
2. throws rocks
3. 30360
5. lithoboleō
6. V-PPA·NFS
7. throwing_stones
8. throwing_stones
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52263
1. at the ones
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····AMP
7. ˱at˲ the ‹ones›
8. ˱at˲ the ‹ones›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52264
1. having been sent out
2. sent
3. 6490
5. apostellō
6. V-PEP·AMP
7. ˓having_been˒ sent_out
8. ˓having_been˒ sent_out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52265
1. to
2. -
3. 43140
5. pros
6. P-·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52266
1. her
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AFS
7. her
8. her
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52267
1. how often
2. often
3. 42120
5. posakis
6. D-·······
7. how_often
8. how_often
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52269
1. I wanted
2. -
3. 23090
5. ethelō
6. V-IAA1··S
7. ˱I˲ wanted
8. ˱I˲ wanted
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52270
1. to gather together
2. gather together
3. 19960
5. episunagō
6. V-NAA····
7. ˓to˒ gather_together
8. ˓to˒ gather_together
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52271
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····ANP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52272
1. children
2. children
3. 50430
5. teknon
6. N-····ANP
7. children
8. children
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52273
1. of you
2. your
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2G·S
7. ˱of˲ you
8. ˱of˲ you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52274
1. that
2. -
3. 37390
5. hos
6. E-····AMS
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52275
1. manner
2. -
3. 51580
5. tropos
6. N-····AMS
7. manner
8. manner
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52276
1. +a hen gathers
2. gathers
3. 37330
5. ornis
6. N-····NFS
7. ˓a˒ hen ‹gathers›
8. ˓a˒ hen ‹gathers›
9. -
10. Y33; F52280
11. 52277
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52278
1. brood
2. -
3. 35550
5. nossia
6. N-····AFS
7. brood
8. brood
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52282
1. of herself
2. -
3. 14380
5. heautou
6. R-···3GFS
7. ˱of˲ herself
8. ˱of˲ herself
9. -
10. Y33; R52277
11. 52280
1. under
2. under
3. 52590
5. hupo
6. P-·······
7. under
8. under
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52285
1. her
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AFP
7. her
8. her
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52286
1. wings
2. wings
3. 44200
5. pterux
6. N-····AFP
7. wings
8. wings
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52287
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52288
1. you all
2. -
3. 23090
5. ethelō
6. V-IAA2··P
7. ˱you_all˲ wanted
8. ˱you_all˲ wanted
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52290
1. not
2. didn't
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52289
1. wanted
2. -
3. 23090
5. ethelō
6. V-IAA2··P
7. ˱you_all˲ wanted
8. ˱you_all˲ wanted
9. -
10. Y33; R52256; Location=Jerusalem
11. 52290

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear LUKE 13:34

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 13:31–35: Jesus grieved for the people in Jerusalem

Paragraph 13:34–35

13:34a

13:34b

13:34c

13:34d

13:34c–d

13:34e

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)