LUKE 14:18 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 52668
1. ἤρξαντο
2. arχō
3. began
4. -
5. 7570
6. VIAM3··P
7. began
8. began
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52669
1. ἤρξατο
2. arχō
3. -
4. -
5. 7570
6. VIAM3··S
7. began
8. began
9. -
10. -
11. 52670
1. ἀπό
2. apo
3. of
4. -
5. 5750
6. P·······
7. of
8. of
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52671
1. μιᾶς
2. heis
3. one
4. -
5. 15200
6. S····GFS
7. one
8. one
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52672
1. παραιτεῖσθαι
2. paraiteomai
3. -
4. -
5. 38680
6. VNPM····
7. ˓to_be˒ excusing ‹themselves›
8. ˓to_be˒ excusing ‹themselves›
9. -
10. R52659
11. 52673
1. πάντες
2. pas
3. all
4. -
5. 39560
6. S····NMP
7. all
8. all
9. -
10. Y33; R52659
11. 52674
1. παραιτεῖσθαι
2. paraiteomai
3. to be excusing themselves
4. -
5. 38680
6. VNPM····
7. ˓to_be˒ excusing ‹themselves›
8. ˓to_be˒ excusing ‹themselves›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52675
1. Ὁ
2. ho
3. The
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. S
10. Y33
11. 52676
1. πρῶτος
2. prōtos
3. first
4. first
5. 44130
6. S····NMS
7. first
8. first
9. -
10. Y33; F52683; F52690; F52692
11. 52677
1. εἶπεν
2. legō
3. said
4. said
5. 30040
6. VIAA3··S
7. said
8. said
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52678
1. αὐτῷ
2. autos
3. to him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3DMS
7. ˱to˲ him
8. ˱to˲ him
9. -
10. Y33; R52651
11. 52679
1. ἀγρόν
2. agros
3. +a field
4. field
5. 680
6. N····AMS
7. ˓a˒ field
8. ˓a˒ field
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52680
1. Ἠγόρασα
2. agorazō
3. I bought
4. bought
5. 590
6. VIAA1··S
7. ˱I˲ bought
8. ˱I˲ bought
9. D
10. Y33
11. 52681
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52682
1. ἔχω
2. eχō
3. I am having
4. -
5. 21920
6. VIPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ having
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ having
9. -
10. Y33; R52677
11. 52683
1. ἀνάγκην
2. anagkē
3. necessity
4. -
5. 3180
6. N····AFS
7. necessity
8. necessity
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52684
1. ἀνάγκῃ
2. anagkē
3. -
4. -
5. 3180
6. N····DFS
7. ˱for˲ necessity
8. ˱for˲ necessity
9. -
10. -
11. 52685
1. ἔχω
2. eχō
3. -
4. -
5. 21920
6. VSPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓may_be˒ having
8. ˱I˲ ˓may_be˒ having
9. -
10. -
11. 52686
1. ἐξελθεῖν
2. exerχomai
3. -
4. -
5. 18310
6. VNAA····
7. ˓to˒ come_out
8. ˓to˒ come_out
9. -
10. -
11. 52687
1. ἐξελθών
2. exerχomai
3. having come out
4. -
5. 18310
6. VPAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ come_out
8. ˓having˒ come_out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52688
1. καί
2. kai
3. -
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 52689
1. ἰδεῖν
2. horaō
3. to see
4. -
5. 37080
6. VNAA····
7. ˓to˒ see
8. ˓to˒ see
9. -
10. Y33; R52677
11. 52690
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. it
4. it
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. it
8. it
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52691
1. ἐρωτῶ
2. erōtaō
3. I am asking
4. -
5. 20650
6. VIPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
9. -
10. Y33; R52677
11. 52692
1. σέ
2. su
3. you
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2A·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52693
1. σοί
2. su
3. -
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·S
7. ˱to˲ you
8. ˱to˲ you
9. -
10. -
11. 52694
1. ἔχε
2. eχō
3. be holding
4. -
5. 21920
6. VMPA2··S
7. ˓be˒ holding
8. ˓be˒ holding
9. -
10. Y33; R52651
11. 52695
1. μέ
2. egō
3. me
4. -
5. 14730
6. R···1A·S
7. me
8. me
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52696
1. παρῃτημένον
2. paraiteomai
3. having been excused
4. -
5. 38680
6. VPEP·AMS
7. ˓having_been˒ excused
8. ˓having_been˒ excused
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52697

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 14:15–24: Jesus told a parable about a great feast

Jesus next told a parable about a feast that a man invited many people to attend. When they refused to come, he invited other people instead. This parable teaches that it is very important to accept God’s invitation to be a part of his kingdom. The people who refused the invitation represent people who are not interested in being part of God’s kingdom. Those who accepted the invitation represent people who are glad to be part of God’s kingdom.

Luke 14:16–24 is all one speech by Jesus. Check to be sure that this is clear in your translation.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

The parable of the excuses

The guests who refused the invitation to attend a banquet

There is a similar parable in Matthew 22:1–10. However, many details are different, so be careful not to translate both parables in the same way.

14:18a

But one after another they all began to make excuses.

¶ “But all of them started to tell him different reasons why they could not come.
¶ “But one by one they all refused to go, and they each had/gave a reason/excuse.

But one after another they all began to make excuses: All the people who had been invited to the feast told the servant reasons why they could not come. The clause implies that the reasons were inadequate excuses. See 14:18b–20 for examples of the type of excuses that the guests gave.

one after another: The Greek expression that the BSB translates as one after another is literally “from one.” It means that the people all acted in the same way. They all refused to come. It does not mean that they were all together and that they took turns speaking to the servant. Several English versions (ESV, NASB, NIV, NRSV) translate this expression as “alike,” but it does not mean that they gave the same reasons or that they spoke at the same time. Another way to express this meaning is:

They all gave different reasons why they could not come. (NLV)

began: In this context the Greek verb that the BSB translates as began indicates that each person responded by making an excuse. It does not imply that they started to make excuses and did not finish. In some languages it may be more natural to omit the word “began.” For example:

One after another they all sent excuses. (REB)

to make excuses: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as make excuses here means to give reasons for the host to release them from their previous commitment. The guests had earlier said they would come to the feast, but now they did not want to come.

14:18b,19a,20

The first one said, ‘I have bought a field,

The first man said, ‘I have just bought a piece/plot of land,
One man said, ‘I bought a field/farm,

In each of these verse parts, the NIV supplies the word “just” (just bought a field, just bought five yoke of oxen, just got married). The context probably implies that the person had recently done each of these things, but there is no word in the Greek text with that specific meaning. Other versions such as the RSV, GNT, and NJB do not include the word “just” in 14:18b and 14:19a. But in 14:20, those versions, like the NIV, do supply the word “just.” The BSB does not say “just” in any of these verse parts. Consider whether it is natural in your language to make explicit this implied information.

The first one said: The expression The first refers to the first man to whom the servant spoke. In some languages it is better to translate this as “One man,” since no “second” or “third” men are mentioned. The three who are mentioned are just examples of the many people to whom the servant spoke. For example:

One said (NLT)

I have bought a field: A field is a piece of land used for growing crops or pasturing animals. For example:

I bought some land (CEV)

14:18c

and I need to go see it.

and I have to go there and look at it.
and I need to go and inspect it.

I need to go: The man spoke as though it were his duty or obligation to travel to his new piece of property. In some languages it may be necessary to make explicit where he needed to go:

I need to go to the field

see it: The verb see in this context means to look something over to see how good it is. Another way to translate this is:

inspect it (NLT)

14:18d

Please excuse me.’

Please accept my excuse/apologies.’
So I am sorry I cannot go to the feast.’
Please tell your master that is why I cannot go to the feast.’

Please excuse me: The phrase that the BSB translates as Please excuse me is more literally “I ask you, have me excused.” The man was politely refusing to go to the feast. He was not asking permission to be absent. Another way to translate this is:

please accept my apologies (GNT)

General Comment on 14:18b–d

In some languages, it may be more natural to place the expression of apology (18d) before the excuse (18b–c). For example:

^14dI am sorry, I cannot attend. ^14bI bought a field, ^14cand I need to go and inspect it.

Use a natural order in your language for this verse and also for 14:19 and 14:20.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

καὶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἤρξαντο ἀπό μιᾶς πάντες παραιτεῖσθαι Ὁ πρῶτος εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἀγρόν Ἠγόρασα καί ἔχω ἀνάγκην ἐξελθών ἰδεῖν αὐτόν ἐρωτῶ σέ ἔχε μέ παρῃτημένον)

The word And introduces a contrast between what was expected, that all the invited guests would come to the dinner, and what happened, that they all declined to do that. Alternate translation: [But]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ἀπὸ μιᾶς πάντες

Jesus is leaving out a word that this sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. This could mean a number of things, depending on what word is supplied, but the general sense is the same in every case: (1) “all from one mind” or “all from one voice,” that is, unanimously. Alternate translation: [all alike] (2) “all from one manner.” Alternate translation: [all in the same way] (3) “all from one time” Alternate translation: [all, as soon as the servant came to them]

παραιτεῖσθαι

˓to_be˒_excusing_‹themselves›

Alternate translation: [to give polite reasons why they could not come to the dinner]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὁ πρῶτος εἶπεν αὐτῷ

While him refers to the servant, the implication is that this first guest was giving the servant a message for his master, since it would be the master, not the servant, who would excuse him from attending the banquet. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: [The first guest whom the servant approached told him to give this message to his master]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

ὁ πρῶτος

Jesus is using the adjective first as a noun in order to indicate a person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate the term with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [The first guest whom the servant approached]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / quotesinquotes

ἀγρὸν ἠγόρασα καὶ ἔχω ἀνάγκην ἐξελθὼν ἰδεῖν αὐτόν; ἐρωτῶ σε ἔχε με παρῃτημένον

If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: [that he had just bought a field and that he needed to go out and look at it, so he wanted to be excused]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἐρωτῶ σε ἔχε με παρῃτημένον

˱I˲_˓am˒_asking (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἤρξαντο ἀπό μιᾶς πάντες παραιτεῖσθαι Ὁ πρῶτος εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἀγρόν Ἠγόρασα καί ἔχω ἀνάγκην ἐξελθών ἰδεῖν αὐτόν ἐρωτῶ σέ ἔχε μέ παρῃτημένον)

In this culture, this was a polite formula for declining a social invitation. If your language has a similar formula, you could use it in your translation. Alternate translation: [Please accept my apology for not being able to attend]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἔχε με παρῃτημένον

˓be˒_holding (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἤρξαντο ἀπό μιᾶς πάντες παραιτεῖσθαι Ὁ πρῶτος εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἀγρόν Ἠγόρασα καί ἔχω ἀνάγκην ἐξελθών ἰδεῖν αὐτόν ἐρωτῶ σέ ἔχε μέ παρῃτημένον)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [excuse me from attending]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. -
3. 25320
4. S
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 52668
1. all
2. -
3. 39560
5. pas
6. S-····NMP
7. all
8. all
9. -
10. Y33; R52659
11. 52674
1. began
2. -
3. 7570
5. arχō
6. V-IAM3··P
7. began
8. began
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52669
1. of
2. -
3. 5750
5. apo
6. P-·······
7. of
8. of
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52671
1. one
2. -
3. 15200
5. heis
6. S-····GFS
7. one
8. one
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52672
1. to be excusing themselves
2. -
3. 38680
5. paraiteomai
6. V-NPM····
7. ˓to_be˒ excusing ‹themselves›
8. ˓to_be˒ excusing ‹themselves›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52675
1. The
2. -
3. 35880
4. S
5. ho
6. E-····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. S
10. Y33
11. 52676
1. first
2. first
3. 44130
5. prōtos
6. S-····NMS
7. first
8. first
9. -
10. Y33; F52683; F52690; F52692
11. 52677
1. said
2. said
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IAA3··S
7. said
8. said
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52678
1. to him
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3DMS
7. ˱to˲ him
8. ˱to˲ him
9. -
10. Y33; R52651
11. 52679
1. I bought
2. bought
3. 590
4. D
5. agorazō
6. V-IAA1··S
7. ˱I˲ bought
8. ˱I˲ bought
9. D
10. Y33
11. 52681
1. +a field
2. field
3. 680
5. agros
6. N-····AMS
7. ˓a˒ field
8. ˓a˒ field
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52680
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52682
1. I am having
2. -
3. 21920
5. eχō
6. V-IPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ having
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ having
9. -
10. Y33; R52677
11. 52683
1. necessity
2. -
3. 3180
5. anagkē
6. N-····AFS
7. necessity
8. necessity
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52684
1. having come out
2. -
3. 18310
5. exerχomai
6. V-PAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ come_out
8. ˓having˒ come_out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52688
1. to see
2. -
3. 37080
5. horaō
6. V-NAA····
7. ˓to˒ see
8. ˓to˒ see
9. -
10. Y33; R52677
11. 52690
1. it
2. it
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMS
7. it
8. it
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52691
1. I am asking
2. -
3. 20650
5. erōtaō
6. V-IPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ asking
9. -
10. Y33; R52677
11. 52692
1. you
2. -
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2A·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52693
1. be holding
2. -
3. 21920
5. eχō
6. V-MPA2··S
7. ˓be˒ holding
8. ˓be˒ holding
9. -
10. Y33; R52651
11. 52695
1. me
2. -
3. 14730
5. egō
6. R-···1A·S
7. me
8. me
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52696
1. having been excused
2. -
3. 38680
5. paraiteomai
6. V-PEP·AMS
7. ˓having_been˒ excused
8. ˓having_been˒ excused
9. -
10. Y33
11. 52697

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear LUKE 14:18