LUKE 23:45 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

23:45 Although the Greek word ‘ἐκλιπόντος’ (eklipontos, a different word from what was used in the previous verse) might suggest a natural eclipse, this is impossible for a few reasons, particularly that these events occurred around Passover which coincides with the full moon when an eclipse is physically impossible, and also because an eclipse only lasts a few minutes, not hours.

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

UST There was no light from the sun. And the thick curtain that closed off the Most Holy Place in the temple split into two pieces.

BSB The sun was darkened,[fn] and the veil of the temple was torn down [the] middle.

23:45 Or failed or was obscured; BYZ and TR became dark

MSB The sun was darkened,[fn] and the veil of the temple was torn down [the] middle.

23:45 CT could also be translated as failed or was obscured.

AICNT {With the sun having faded,}[fn] the curtain of the temple was torn in two.[fn]

23:45, With the sun having faded: 𝔓75 ℵ(01) B(03) C(04) NA28 SBLGNT THGNT ‖ Other manuscripts read “And the sun was darkened.” A(02) D(05) W(032) Latin(a b e) BYZ TR

23:45, the curtain of the temple was torn in two: D(05) includes this at the end of verse 46.

OEB the sun being eclipsed; and the Temple curtain was torn down the middle.

WEBBE The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in two.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET because the sun’s light failed. The temple curtain was torn in two.

LSV and the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in the middle,

FBV The sun's light was shut out, and the Temple veil was torn in two.

TCNT The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn down the middle.

T4T There was no light from the sun. Then the thick curtain that closed off the most holy place in the Temple split into two pieces. That signified that ordinary people could now go into the presence of God.

LEB because[fn] the light of the sun failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn apart down the middle.

23:45 *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“failed”) which is understood as causal

BBE The light of the sun went out, and the curtain in the Temple was parted in two.

Moff owing to an eclipse of the sun; the curtain in the middle of the temple was torn in two.

Wymth The sun was darkened, and the curtain of the Sanctuary was torn down the middle,

ASV the sun’s light failing: and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.

DRA And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.

YLT and the sun was darkened, and the vail of the sanctuary was rent in the midst,

Drby And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple rent in the midst.

RV the sun’s light failing: and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.

SLT And the sun was darkened, and the covering of the temple was split in the middle.

Wbstr And the sun was darkened, and the vail of the temple was rent in the midst.

KJB-1769 And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.

KJB-1611 And the Sunne was darkened, and the vaile of the temple was rent in the mids.
(And the Sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the mids.)

Bshps And the sunne was darkned, and the vayle of the temple dyd rent, euen thorowe the middes.
(And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple did rent, even through the middes.)

Gnva And the Sunne was darkened, and the vaile of the Temple rent through the middes.
(And the Sun was darkened, and the veil of the Temple rent through the middes. )

Cvdl And the Sonne was darkened, and the vayle of the temple rente in two euen thorow the myddes.
(And the Son was darkened, and the veil of the temple rente in two even through the myddes.)

TNT and the sonne was darckened. And the vayle of the temple dyd rent even thorow the myddes.
(and the son was darkened. And the veil of the temple did rent even through the myddes. )

Wycl And the sun was maad derk, and the veile of the temple was to-rent atwo.
(And the sun was made dark, and the veile of the temple was to-rent atwo.)

Luth Und die Sonne verlor ihren Schein, und der Vorhang des Tempels zerriß mitten entzwei.
(And the sun verlor your(pl) Schein, and the/of_the Vorhang the temples tore midway/in_the_middle in_two.)

ClVg Et obscuratus est sol, et velum templi scissum est medium.[fn]
(And darktus it_is the_sun, and velum temple split it_is medium. )

23.45 Velum templi, etc. Hoc exspirante Domino gestum est, sed Lucas præoccupat, volens miraculum solis conjungere miraculo veli. Scinditur autem velum, ut arca testamenti et omnia sacramenta legis quæ tegebantur appareant, et ad gentes transeant. Josephus ait: Virtutes angelicas præsides quondam templi tunc pariter conclamasse: Fugiamus ab his sedibus. Pater, etc. Patrem invocans, se Filium Dei declarat. Spiritum commendans, non defectum virtutis, sed confidentiam ejusdem cum parte potestatis insinuat. Amat enim dare gloriam Patri, in quo nos informat, ut gloriam demus Creatori.

23.45 Velum temple, etc. This exspirante Master gesture it_is, but Lucas beforeoccupat, willing miracle of_the_sun conyungere miracle veli. Scinditur however velum, as box testament and everything sacraments law which tegebantur appareant, and to people/nations let_them_pass. Yosephus he_said: Virtutes messengers/angelscas beforesides once temple then as_well conclamasse: Fugiamus away his seats. Pater, etc. Father invocans, himself Son of_God declarat. Spirit commendans, not/no defectum of_virtue, but confidence of_the_same when/with in_part/partly powers suggests. Amat because dare glory Patri, in/into/on where us informat, as glory demus Creatori.

UGNT τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλειπόντος, ἐσχίσθη δὲ τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον.
(tou haʸliou ekleipontos, esⱪisthaʸ de to katapetasma tou naou meson.)

SBL-GNT ⸂τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλιπόντος⸃, ἐσχίσθη ⸀δὲ τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον.
(⸂tou haʸliou eklipontos⸃, esⱪisthaʸ ⸀de to katapetasma tou naou meson.)

RP-GNT Καὶ ἐσκοτίσθη ὁ ἥλιος, καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον.
(Kai eskotisthaʸ ho haʸlios, kai esⱪisthaʸ to katapetasma tou naou meson.)

TC-GNT [fn]Καὶ ἐσκοτίσθη ὁ ἥλιος, [fn]καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον.
(Kai eskotisthaʸ ho haʸlios, kai esⱪisthaʸ to katapetasma tou naou meson. )

23:45 και εσκοτισθη ο ηλιος 96.4% ¦ του ηλιου εκλειποντος ANT WH 0.4% ¦ του ηλιου εκλιποντος NA SBL TH 0.4%

23:45 και εσχισθη ¦ εσχισθη δε CT

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 23:44–49: Jesus died

While Jesus was on the cross, it became dark. The curtain in the temple ripped into two pieces. Jesus gave his spirit up to God his Father and died. One of the Roman soldiers saw and heard all that happened. As a result, he believed that Jesus was a righteous man. When the people saw that, they were sorry that Jesus was crucified. The way Jesus lived and the way he died showed many people that he was an innocent man. Examples of other headings for this section are:

The Death of Jesus (GNT)

Jesus died

Parallel passages for this section are in Matthew 27:45–56, Mark 15:33–41, and John 19:28–30.

23:45a

The sun was darkened,

because the sun failed to shine.
because the sun had stopped shining where they were.
for the sun did not shine.

The sun was darkened: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as The sun was darkened is literally “the sun’s light having failed.” This clause gives the reason or cause for the darkness in 23:44. It became dark because the sun stopped shining. Some other ways to translate the clause are:

because the sun did not shine (NCV)

The light from the sun was gone. (NLT)

In some languages it may be more natural to put this reason clause before the result in 23:44. You may also decide to include this clause in 23:44, as some English versions do. See the General Comment on 23:44–45 below for examples.

This phrase not necessarily mean that the sun had no light at all during that time. God may have caused something to block the light of the sun so that it could not shine on part of the earth. Then the land became dark. However, this was not an eclipse. Bible scholars do not know what caused this darkness.When the moon comes between the earth and the sun, it hides the light of the sun for a short time and causes the land to become dark. People call this an eclipse of the sun. But a true eclipse of the sun could not have happened at that time of the month, because the moon was on the opposite side of the earth from the sun. The Passover was at the time of the full moon. Also, an eclipse of the sun would last only a few minutes, but this darkness lasted for three hours.

General Comment on 23:44–45

There is a close connection between 23:44b and 23:45a. The sun stopped shining (23:45a), and that caused the land to become dark (23:44b). Some languages may need to change the order of clauses so that the cause in 23:45 comes before the result in 23:44. For example:

^44aIt was now about the sixth hour ^45aand the sun’s light failed, ^44bso that darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour. (NJB)

In some languages it may be helpful to combine 23:44–45. For example:

^44–45It was about twelve o’clock when the sun stopped shining and darkness covered the whole country until three o’clock…. (GNT)

In some other languages it may be better to include 23:45a in 23:44 without changing the verse numbers. For example:

⁴⁴When it was about twelve o’clock, the sun suddenly-stopped shining and the entire country became dark until three o’clock.Kankanaey back translation on TW.

You should order 23:44b–45a in a way that is natural in your language.

23:45b

and the veil of the temple was torn down the middle.

And the curtain in the temple was split/torn into two pieces.
During that time, the cloth door/divider in the temple tore/ripped down the middle into two parts.

and: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as and connects the tearing of the veil/curtain of the temple into two parts with the darkness that came upon the land in 23:44–45a. At some time during this darkness the veil/curtain in the temple was torn in two. In some languages a conjunction is not necessary. Connect the events in a natural way in your language.

the veil of the temple: The phrase the veil of the temple refers to the large, thick curtain that hung in the temple. It divided a very holy place from the rest of the temple. It either hung at the entrance to the temple building or between two rooms in the temple building. (These two rooms are called “The Holy Place” and “The Holy of Holies.”)In the commentaries there is much discussion of which of these two curtains is intended. Some scholars favor the outer curtain because of its more public aspect. The inner curtain is favored by others because of references to it in Hebrews (6:19, 9:3; 10:19–20) and because the Greek word used here is more consistently used of the inner curtain. In the end, the choice of curtain does not greatly affect the sense. The tearing of either curtain would speak of the destruction of the temple and OT system and symbolically show that a new way has been opened for man to approach God. This curtain was possibly as much as twenty-five meters tall.

Some other ways to translate this are:

heavy cloth door

cloth divider

the thick cloth that makes/acts-as a wall in the templeYakan back translation on TW.

temple: Here the word temple refers to the main building of the temple. See temple, Meaning 2, in the Glossary.

was torn down the middle: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as was torn down the middle indicates that the curtain was split down the middle into two parts. According to Matthew 27:51 and Mark 15:38 this curtain split apart from top to bottom.

The verb was torn is passive. The text probably implies that God caused the curtain to tear like that. In some languages it may be more natural to translate the clause without a passive verb. For example:

tore into two parts

ripped down the middle

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλειπόντος

˱of˲_the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλιπόντος ἐσχίσθη δέ τό καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον)

This means that the sun, as if it were an active agent, failed to give its light. Luke is speaking from an observational perspective. The sun was still shining above the darkness, but its light could not be seen through the darkness. Alternate translation: [It was too dark even to see the light of the sun]

Note 2 topic: translate-symaction

ἐσχίσθη δὲ τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον

˓was˒_torn (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλιπόντος ἐσχίσθη δέ τό καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον)

See the General Notes to this chapter for an explanation of the symbolic significance of this action.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλιπόντος ἐσχίσθη δέ τό καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον)

Luke assumes that his readers will know that he is referring to the curtain that separated the Most Holy Place from the rest of the temple. Alternate translation: [the curtain in front of the Most Holy Place]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐσχίσθη & τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ

˓was˒_torn & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλιπόντος ἐσχίσθη δέ τό καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form, and you could state who did the action. Alternate translation: [God split the curtain of the temple]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

μέσον

˱in˲_˓the˒_middle

The implication, as the General Notes to this chapter explain, is that God tearing the curtain opened the way into the Most Holy Place. And so in the middle means not “across the middle,” from side to side, but “down through the middle,” from top to bottom. Alternate translation: [into two pieces, from top to bottom]

BMM BibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

Jesus’ Arrest, Trial, Crucifixion, and Burial

Matthew 26-27; Mark 14-15; Luke 22-23; John 13-19

On the Thursday before he was crucified, Jesus had arranged to share the Passover meal with his disciples in an upper room, traditionally thought to be located in the Essene Quarter of Jerusalem. After they finished the meal, they went to the Garden of Gethsemane, where Jesus often met with his disciples. There Judas Iscariot, one of Jesus’ own disciples, betrayed him to soldiers sent from the High Priest, and they took Jesus to the High Priest’s residence. In the morning the leading priests and teachers of the law put Jesus on trial and found him guilty of blasphemy. The council sent Jesus to stand trial for treason before the Roman governor Pontius Pilate, who resided at the Praetorium while in Jerusalem. The Praetorium was likely located at the former residence of Herod the Great, who had died over 30 years earlier. When Pilate learned that Jesus was from Galilee, he sent him to Herod Antipas, who had jurisdiction over Galilee. But when Jesus gave no answer to Herod’s many questions, Herod and his soldiers sent him back to Pilate, who conceded to the people’s demands that Jesus be crucified. Jesus was forced to carry his cross out of the city gate to Golgotha, meaning Skull Hill, referring to what may have been a small unquarried hill in the middle of an old quarry just outside the gate. After Jesus was unable to carry his cross any further, a man named Simon from Cyrene was forced to carry it for him. There at Golgotha they crucified Jesus. After Jesus died, his body was hurriedly taken down before nightfall and placed in a newly cut, rock tomb owned by Joseph of Arimathea, a member of the Jewish high council. This tomb was likely located at the perimeter of the old quarry.

Parallel LUKE 23:45

Section 23:44–49: Jesus died

23:45a

General Comment on 23:44–45

23:45b

Jesus’ Arrest, Trial, Crucifixion, and Burial