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Mat 16 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28

OET interlinear MAT 16:18

◄ ← MAT 16:18 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. κἀγώ
    2. kagō
    3. also I
    4. -
    5. 25040
    6. R···1N·S
    7. also_I
    8. also_I
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11012
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 11013
    1. σοί
    2. su
    3. to you
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2D·S
    7. ˱to˲ you
    8. ˱to˲ you
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11014
    1. λέγω
    2. legō
    3. am saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA1··S
    7. ˓am˒ saying
    8. ˓am˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11015
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11016
    1. σύ
    2. su
    3. you
    4. you're
    5. 47710
    6. R···2N·S
    7. you
    8. you
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11017
    1. εἶ
    2. eimi
    3. are
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA2··S
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11018
    1. Πέτρος
    2. petros
    3. Petros
    4. Peter
    5. 40740
    6. N····NMS
    7. Petros
    8. Peter
    9. W
    10. Y32
    11. 11019
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11020
    1. ἐπί
    2. epi
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11021
    1. ταύτῃ
    2. houtos
    3. this
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. E····DFS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11022
    1. ταύτην
    2. houtos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. E····AFS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 11023
    1. τῇ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11024
    1. τήν
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 11025
    1. πέτρᾳ
    2. petra
    3. rock
    4. -
    5. 40730
    6. N····DFS
    7. rock
    8. rock
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11026
    1. πέτραν
    2. petra
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 40730
    6. N····AFS
    7. rock
    8. rock
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 11027
    1. οἰκοδομήσω
    2. oikodomeō
    3. I will be building
    4. build
    5. 36180
    6. VIFA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ building
    8. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ building
    9. -
    10. Y32; R10990; Person=Jesus
    11. 11028
    1. μού
    2. egō
    3. of me
    4. my
    5. 14730
    6. R···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11029
    1. τήν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11030
    1. ἐκκλησίαν
    2. ekklēsia
    3. assembly
    4. assembly
    5. 15770
    6. N····AFS
    7. assembly
    8. assembly
    9. -
    10. Y32; F11038
    11. 11031
    1. μού
    2. egō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 11032
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11033
    1. πύλαι
    2. pulē
    3. +the gates
    4. gates
    5. 44390
    6. N····NFP
    7. ˓the˒ gates
    8. ˓the˒ gates
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11034
    1. ᾍδου
    2. adēs
    3. of Haidaʸs
    4. -
    5. 860
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Haidaʸs
    8. ˱of˲ Hades
    9. U
    10. Y32
    11. 11035
    1. οὒ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. won't
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11036
    1. κατισχύσουσιν
    2. katisχuō
    3. ˓will be prevailing
    4. -
    5. 27290
    6. VIFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ prevailing
    8. ˓will_be˒ prevailing
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11037
    1. αὐτῆς
    2. autos
    3. against it
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GFS
    7. ˱against˲ it
    8. ˱against˲ it
    9. -
    10. Y32; R11031
    11. 11038

OET (OET-LV) And also_I am_saying to_you that you are Petros, but on this the rock I_will_be_building the assembly of_me, and the_gates of_Haidaʸs ˓will˒_ not _be_prevailing against_it.

OET (OET-RV) And I can add that you’re Peter (meaning ‘rock’), and I will build my assembly on that rock, and the gates of hell won’t be able to hold it back.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 16:13–20: Peter declared that Jesus is the Christ

In this section, Peter declared that Jesus is the Messiah. Jesus agreed with Peter that he was the Messiah. But then he told the disciples that they must not yet tell this truth to other people. Jesus also described the community which he was creating—the church. And he told them that Peter would have a very important part in it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Peter’s Confession of Christ (NIV)

Peter declared his belief that Jesus is the Messiah

There are parallel passages for this section in Mark 8:27–30 and Luke 9:18–22.

16:18a

And I tell you that you are Peter,

And I tell you that: Peter had said something important about Jesus (16:16). Here Jesus said something important to him. The pronoun I is emphasized in the Greek. If there is a way to emphasize the pronoun in your language here, you may want to do so. Here is an example in English:

And I, I tell you

you are Peter: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Peter means “rock.” Jesus named Simon “Rock” (Peter) when he first met him (in John 1:42). Here Jesus used the meaning of the name as a basis for his metaphor in 16:18b.

This word probably refers to a large rock or a rock that no one can move. In the following metaphor, Jesus talked about building his church upon this rock. A stone that a person can throw or move is probably not meant.

In the next clause (16:18b), Jesus used the meaning of the word. So you should make the connection between the name Peter (16:18a) and its meaning rock (16:18b) clear. Here are some other ways to translate this:

16:18b

and on this rock I will build My church,

and on this rock I will build: Here the word rock refers to a large rock on which a person can build a house. Building a house on a rock foundation makes the house strong and prevents it from falling down.

Christians have different opinions about who or what the phrase this rock refers to. Here are the three main interpretations:

  1. It refers to Peter.

  2. It refers to Peter’s confession in 16:16a–b that Jesus is the Christ the son of the living God.

  3. It refers to Jesus.

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). This is the interpretation that most modern commentators follow.This interpretation is followed by France, page 622; Blomberg, page 252; Hagner, page 470; Osborne, page 627; Davies and Allison, page 627; Turner, pages 404–405; and Wilkins, page 564. God used Peter to lead the early church and help it to grow and become established.

I will build My church: This clause is a metaphor. In this metaphor, Jesus compared the establishing of his group of Christian believers to the building of a building. He was talking about “building up” or “increasing” the number of believers and making them strong in their faith.

Jesus was not referring to building a literal church building. Remember that in the New Testament, the word “church” refers to a group of believers. It does not refer to a building.

Here are some other ways to translate this entire clause:

and on this rock foundation I will build my church (GNT)

the flat rock on whom I will build my group of believers

In some languages, it will not be possible to say that Jesus “will build his group of believers.” In such languages, the challenge will be to find expressions for build and church that will go together.

One way to do this is to change the metaphor to a simile and make some parts of it more explicit. For example:

Like a man builds his house on a rock foundation, I will make you the foundation/support for my group of followers

Just like people build on a rock foundation to make a building strong, I will use you, Peter the rock, to help my group of believers be strong.

16:18c

and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.

gates of Hades: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as gates of Hades is a figure of speech. It refers to “the power of death” or “death” itself. For example:

the power of death (NCV)

death (GNT)

This phrase can also refer to the person who rules over death. For example:

Satan

power of Satan

evil powers

will not prevail against it: The Greek word that the BSB translates as prevail against refers to winning a victory over something, or defeating it.

The pronoun it refers to the church of Jesus. The church which Jesus will build will never be defeated or destroyed.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

will not overcome it (NIV)

will not be able to defeat it (NCV)

will not conquer it (NLT)

will not win a victory over the church

uW Translation Notes:

κἀγὼ & σοι λέγω

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: κἀγώ Δέ σοί λέγω ὅτι σύ εἶ Πέτρος καί ἐπί ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μού τήν ἐκκλησίαν καί πύλαι ᾍδου οὒ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς)

Jesus uses the clause I also say to you this to emphasize what he is telling the Peter. Use a natural form in your language for emphasizing the truth and importance of a statement. Alternate translation: [I also want you to know]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

σοι & σὺ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: κἀγώ Δέ σοί λέγω ὅτι σύ εἶ Πέτρος καί ἐπί ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μού τήν ἐκκλησίαν καί πύλαι ᾍδου οὒ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς)

Since Jesus is talking to Peter, the word you throughout this verse is singular.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

σὺ εἶ Πέτρος

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: κἀγώ Δέ σοί λέγω ὅτι σύ εἶ Πέτρος καί ἐπί ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μού τήν ἐκκλησίαν καί πύλαι ᾍδου οὒ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς)

The name Peter means “rock.” You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [you have the name Peter, which means “rock”]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: κἀγώ Δέ σοί λέγω ὅτι σύ εἶ Πέτρος καί ἐπί ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μού τήν ἐκκλησίαν καί πύλαι ᾍδου οὒ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς)

Here Jesus could be referring to this rock in order to: (1) describe Peter, whose name means “rock,” as solid foundation, a rock, for the church. Alternate translation: [upon you, who are like a rock,] or [upon you] (2) refer to what Peter said about Jesus (that he is the Christ) as a solid foundation or rock for the church. Alternate translation: [upon your confession, which is like a rock,] or [upon your confession]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

οἰκοδομήσω μου τὴν ἐκκλησίαν

˱I˲_˓will_be˒_building (Some words not found in SR-GNT: κἀγώ Δέ σοί λέγω ὅτι σύ εἶ Πέτρος καί ἐπί ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μού τήν ἐκκλησίαν καί πύλαι ᾍδου οὒ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς)

Jesus here speaks as if his church were a building that someone could build. With this metaphor, he refers to making the church become stronger and more mature, just like the one who builds a house makes it strong and complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use simile form or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [I will strengthen my church as if I were building it] or [I will make my church strong]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

πύλαι ᾍδου

˓the˒_gates ˱of˲_Hades

Here, Jesus could be referring to the gates of Hades in order to: (1) speak about how, when people enter through the gates of Hades, they have died. Alternate translation: [death] or [the power of death] (2) speak about evil powers that come out through the gates of Hades. Alternate translation: [the powers of hell] or [evil powers]

Note 6 topic: writing-pronouns

αὐτῆς

˱against˲_it

The pronoun it refers to my church. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer more directly to the church. Alternate translation: [my church]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

16:18 The phrase upon this rock is a pun on Peter’s name. Peter was the foundational rock in that he was the first confessor and leader of the apostles—he was the “founding member” of the church (see Eph 2:20-22; Rev 21:14). Some scholars have suggested that Jesus was referring to himself when he said this rock, but it seems clear that Jesus was referring either to Peter or to his confession. However, it is clearly Jesus’ church (my church), not Peter’s, and Jesus himself will build it. So it is not necessary to conclude that later church leaders must derive their authority from Peter.
• Matthew is the only Gospel writer who uses the term church (also Matt 18:17). The idea here is more the community of God’s people than an ecclesiastical institution.
• will not conquer it: The church will not be defeated by the attacks of Satan (see 11:12; 13:24-30, 36-43).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 11610
    4. S
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y32
    11. 11013
    1. also I
    2. -
    3. 25040
    5. kagō
    6. R-···1N·S
    7. also_I
    8. also_I
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11012
    1. am saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPA1··S
    7. ˓am˒ saying
    8. ˓am˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11015
    1. to you
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2D·S
    7. ˱to˲ you
    8. ˱to˲ you
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11014
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11016
    1. you
    2. you're
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2N·S
    7. you
    8. you
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11017
    1. are
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA2··S
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11018
    1. Petros
    2. Peter
    3. 40740
    4. W
    5. petros
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Petros
    8. Peter
    9. W
    10. Y32
    11. 11019
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11020
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11021
    1. this
    2. -
    3. 37780
    5. houtos
    6. E-····DFS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11022
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11024
    1. rock
    2. -
    3. 40730
    5. petra
    6. N-····DFS
    7. rock
    8. rock
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11026
    1. I will be building
    2. build
    3. 36180
    5. oikodomeō
    6. V-IFA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ building
    8. ˱I˲ ˓will_be˒ building
    9. -
    10. Y32; R10990; Person=Jesus
    11. 11028
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11030
    1. assembly
    2. assembly
    3. 15770
    5. ekklēsia
    6. N-····AFS
    7. assembly
    8. assembly
    9. -
    10. Y32; F11038
    11. 11031
    1. of me
    2. my
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11029
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11033
    1. +the gates
    2. gates
    3. 44390
    5. pulē
    6. N-····NFP
    7. ˓the˒ gates
    8. ˓the˒ gates
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11034
    1. of Haidaʸs
    2. -
    3. 860
    4. U
    5. adēs
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Haidaʸs
    8. ˱of˲ Hades
    9. U
    10. Y32
    11. 11035
    1. ˓will
    2. -
    3. 27290
    5. katisχuō
    6. V-IFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ prevailing
    8. ˓will_be˒ prevailing
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11037
    1. not
    2. won't
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11036
    1. be prevailing
    2. -
    3. 27290
    5. katisχuō
    6. V-IFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ prevailing
    8. ˓will_be˒ prevailing
    9. -
    10. Y32
    11. 11037
    1. against it
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GFS
    7. ˱against˲ it
    8. ˱against˲ it
    9. -
    10. Y32; R11031
    11. 11038

OET (OET-LV) And also_I am_saying to_you that you are Petros, but on this the rock I_will_be_building the assembly of_me, and the_gates of_Haidaʸs ˓will˒_ not _be_prevailing against_it.

OET (OET-RV) And I can add that you’re Peter (meaning ‘rock’), and I will build my assembly on that rock, and the gates of hell won’t be able to hold it back.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← MAT 16:18 ↑ → ► ║ ©