OET interlinear ROM 8:3

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

For indicates that what follows this word explains what came before it. Here, it introduces what follows in this verse and the next verse as an explanation of what Paul said in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: [In fact,]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

τὸ & ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου, ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διὰ τῆς σαρκός, ὁ Θεὸς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: [God did what the law was unable to do, in that it was weak through the flesh]

Note 3 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

τοῦ νόμου

˱of˲_the law

Here, the law refers to the laws that God gave the Jews, which is usually what Paul means when he says the law. See how you translated this expression in [2:12](../02/12.md).

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸ & ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου & ὁ Θεὸς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Paul implies that what the law was unable to do was to make people righteous, which is the main theme of this book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [the law was unable to make people righteous … but God did so]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

τὸ & ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου, ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διὰ τῆς σαρκός

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Here Paul speaks of the law as if it were a person who was unable to do something and was weak. Paul means that the laws God gave the Jews could not make people righteous, because people are naturally sinful and unable to obey those laws. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the law could not stop people from sinning, because sinful human nature prevented people from obeying it]

Note 6 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει

in that ˱it˲_˓was˒_faltering

This phrase is the reason why the law was unable to do what it was supposed to do. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a reason. Alternate translation: [since it was weak]

Note 7 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

διὰ τῆς σαρκός

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

This phrase states the reason why the law was weak. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a reason. Alternate translation: [on account of the flesh]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

διὰ τῆς σαρκός

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Here Paul uses flesh figuratively to refer to sinful human nature. See how you translated the similar use of flesh in [7:18](../07/18.md).

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱὸν πέμψας, ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ περὶ ἁμαρτίας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

This clause indicates how God condemned sin. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

τὸν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱὸν πέμψας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Paul is leaving out some of the words that a clause would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [having sent his own Son to the earth] or [having sent his own Son to mankind]

Note 11 topic: guidelines-sonofgodprinciples

Υἱὸν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Son is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God.

Note 12 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας

in in ˓the˒_likeness in (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Paul is using the possessive form to describe the likeness that is characterized by sinful flesh. He means that Jesus had the same human flesh that sinful people have, although Jesus never sinned. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: [in the same flesh as that of sinful human beings]

Note 13 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας

in in ˓the˒_likeness in (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of likeness, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [in flesh like sinful flesh]

Note 14 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας & τῇ σαρκί

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Here Paul uses flesh figuratively to mean “the whole body,” which is made of flesh. See how you translated this use of flesh in [2:28](../02/28.md).

Note 15 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

περὶ ἁμαρτίας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

This could mean: (1) Jesus was sent for the sake of doing away with sin. Alternate translation: [in order to do away with sin] (2) Jesus was an offering to pay for sin. Alternate translation: [as an offering for sin]

Note 16 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

κατέκρινε τὴν ἁμαρτίαν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τό Γάρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διά τῆς σαρκός ὁ Θεός τόν ἑαυτοῦ Υἱόν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκός ἁμαρτίας καί περί ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τήν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί)

Here Paul speaks of sin as if it were a guilty person whom a judge could condemn. Paul means that God removed the power that sin had to control people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [he canceled the power of sin] or [he destroyed how sin controls people]

Note 17 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν τῇ σαρκί

in in in the flesh

Here, the flesh refers specifically to Jesus’ body, which died on the cross. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [in his Son’s body on the cross]