LUKE 13:28 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT In that place, there will be wailing and the grinding of teeth when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you are thrown outside.

UST Then Jesus continued by saying, “You will see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the distance. All the prophets who lived long ago will also be there where God rules everything as king. But you will be outside, crying and grinding your teeth in sorrow!

BLB There will be weeping and gnashing of the teeth when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you are being cast out.

AICNT “In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God but you yourselves cast out.[fn]

13:28, but you yourselves cast out: Absent from Syriac(sy^s).

OEB There, there will be weeping and grinding of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, while you yourselves are being driven outside.

WEBBE There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in God’s Kingdom, and yourselves being thrown outside.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God but you yourselves thrown out.

LSV There will be there the weeping and the gnashing of the teeth when you may see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the Kingdom of God, and yourselves being cast outside;

FBV There will be crying and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God but you are thrown out.

TCNT In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves cast out.

T4T Then Jesus continued, saying, “From where God will send you, you will see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the distance. All the prophets who lived long ago will also be there, in the kingdom where God is ruling. But you will be outside, crying and grinding your teeth because you will have severe pain!

LEB In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but yourselves thrown outside!

BBE There will be weeping and cries of sorrow when you see Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves are shut outside.

Moff There you will wail and gnash your teeth, to see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and all the prophets inside the Realm of God and yourselves put outside.

Wymth "There will be the weeping and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the Prophets in the Kingdom of God, and yourselves being driven far away.

ASV There shall be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and yourselves cast forth without.

DRA There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when you shall see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out.

YLT 'There shall be there the weeping and the gnashing of the teeth, when ye may see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the reign of God, and yourselves being cast out without;

Drby There shall be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of [fn]God, but yourselves cast out.

13.28 Elohim

RV There shall be the weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and yourselves cast forth without.
(There shall be the weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye/you_all shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and yourselves cast forth without. )

SLT Weeping shall be there and gnashing of teeth, when ye see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you cast without.

Wbstr There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves excluded.

KJB-1769 There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out.
( There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye/you_all shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out. )

KJB-1611 There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when yee shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Iacob, and all the Prophets in the kingdome of God, and you your selues thrust out.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from marking of added words (and possibly capitalisation and punctuation))

Bshps There shalbe weepyng & gnasshyng of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Iacob, and all the prophetes, in the kyngdome of God, and ye your selues thrust out.
(There shall be weeping and gnasshing of teeth, when ye/you_all shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Yacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and ye/you_all yourselves thrust out.)

Gnva There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth when ye shall see Abraham and Isaac, and Iacob, and all the Prophets in the kingdome of God, and your selues thrust out at doores.
(There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth when ye/you_all shall see Abraham and Isaac, and Yacob, and all the Prophets in the kingdom of God, and yourselves thrust out at doors. )

Cvdl There shalbe wepynge and gnasshinge of teth, when ye shal se Abraham, and Isaac, and Iacob and all the prophetes in ye kyngdome of God, and youre selues thrust out,
(There shall be weeping and gnasshinge of teeth, when ye/you_all shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Yacob and all the prophets in ye/you_all kingdom of God, and yourselves thrust out,)

TNT There shalbe wepinge and gnasshinge of teth when ye shall se Abraham and Isaac and Iacob and all the prophetes in the kyngdom of God and youre selves thrust oute at dores.
(There shall be weeping and gnasshinge of teeth when ye/you_all shall see Abraham and Isaac and Yacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God and your(pl) selves thrust out at doors. )

Wycl There schal be wepyng and gruntyng of teeth, whanne ye schulen se Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and alle the prophetis in the kyngdom of God; and you to be put out.
(There shall be weeping and grunting of teeth, when ye/you_all should see Abraham, and Isaac, and Yacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God; and you to be put out.)

Luth Da wird sein Heulen und Zähneklappen, wenn ihr sehen werdet Abraham und Isaak und Jakob und alle Propheten im Reich Gottes, euch aber hinausgestoßen.
(So becomes be cry/wail and teethklappen, when you(pl)/their/her see become Abraham and Isaak and Yakob and all prophet(s) in_the kingdom God’s, you but hinejected.)

ClVg Ibi erit fletus et stridor dentium: cum videritis Abraham, et Isaac, et Jacob, et omnes prophetas in regno Dei, vos autem expelli foras.[fn]
(There will_be weeping and stridor giveium: when/with you(pl)_see Abraham, and Isaac, and Yacob, and everyone a_prophets in/into/on kingdom of_God, you(pl) however expelli outside. )

13.28 Ibi erit fletus, etc. Fletus de ardore, stridor dentium de frigore solet excitari, quia ibi transibunt ab aquis nivium ad calorem nimium. Vel stridor prodit indignantis affectum, quod sero pœnitet, quod deliquit pertinaciter. Vel stridebunt dentibus, qui hic de edacitate gaudebunt. Flebunt oculi qui hic per concupiscentias vagabuntur. Et nota per fletum qui est oculorum, et stridorem dentium, veram impiorum resurrectionem.

13.28 There will_be weeping, etc. Fletus from/about with_ardour/enthusiasm, stridor giveium from/about cold usually excitari, because there they_will_pass away in_the_waters nivium to calorem nimium. Or stridor prodit indignantis the_feeling, that late repent, that he_commits_an_offence pertinaciter. Or stridebunt teeth, who/which this/here from/about edacitate they_will_rejoice. Flebunt eyes who/which this/here through desires vagabuntur. And note through weeping who/which it_is of_the_eyes, and stridorem giveium, true of_the_wicked resurrection.

UGNT ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων, ὅταν ὄψησθε Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ Ἰακὼβ, καὶ πάντας τοὺς προφήτας, ἐν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω.
(ekei estai ho klauthmos kai ho brugmos tōn odontōn, hotan opsaʸsthe Abraʼam, kai Isaʼak, kai Yakōb, kai pantas tous profaʸtas, en taʸ Basileia tou Theou, humas de ekballomenous exō.)

SBL-GNT ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων, ὅταν ⸀ὄψησθε Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ καὶ πάντας τοὺς προφήτας ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ, ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω.
(ekei estai ho klauthmos kai ho brugmos tōn odontōn, hotan ⸀opsaʸsthe Abraʼam kai Isaʼak kai Yakōb kai pantas tous profaʸtas en taʸ basileia tou theou, humas de ekballomenous exō.)

RP-GNT Ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων, ὅταν ὄψησθε Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ καὶ πάντας τοὺς προφήτας ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ, ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω.
(Ekei estai ho klauthmos kai ho brugmos tōn odontōn, hotan opsaʸsthe Abraʼam kai Isaʼak kai Yakōb kai pantas tous profaʸtas en taʸ basileia tou theou, humas de ekballomenous exō.)

TC-GNT Ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων, ὅταν [fn]ὄψησθε Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ καὶ πάντας τοὺς προφήτας ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω.
(Ekei estai ho klauthmos kai ho brugmos tōn odontōn, hotan opsaʸsthe Abraʼam kai Isaʼak kai Yakōb kai pantas tous profaʸtas en taʸ basileia tou Theou, humas de ekballomenous exō. )

13:28 οψησθε ¦ οψεσθε PCK

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:22–30: The entrance to the kingdom of God is like a narrow door

In this section Jesus advised people to do their best to enter the kingdom of God while there was still time. He spoke figuratively about this, using the figure of entering through the narrow door. After the owner of the house closed the door, many would try to enter but they would not be able to do so.

Some other headings for this section are:

Jesus warned that many people would not be able to enter the kingdom of God

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 7:13–14 and 21–23.

Paragraph 13:28–30

In this paragraph Jesus stopped talking in a parable and began talking directly about God’s kingdom. He spoke about two kinds of people: those who will be in God’s kingdom and those who will be in a place of punishment outside of God’s kingdom. Matthew 8:11–12 is a parallel passage.

13:28a

There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth

¶ “There outside you^(plur) will weep and grind/grit your^(plur) teeth with anger,
¶ “Then you^(plur) will be sorrowful and also very angry,

There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth: The people who are left outside God’s kingdom will cry and gnash their teeth. If you must provide a subject, you should provide “you^(plur),” because that is what Jesus used in the next verse part:

You^(plur) will weep there and gnash your teeth.

The Greek text says literally that there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth “there” or “in that place.” In this context, the word “there” probably refers to outside the kingdom of God, as 13:28c indicates. In some languages the context may already indicate this, and a word such as “there” will be unnecessary. For example:

Then there will be weeping… (NJB)

How you will cry… (GNT)

Another way to avoid an unnatural or wrong use of “there” is to reorder the parts of this verse. See the General Comment on 13:28a–c at the end of 13:28c.

gnashing of teeth: The phrase gnashing of teeth is a symbolic action. It refers to a person who grinds his teeth together as an expression of anger, bitterness, and resentment. If in your culture the gnashing of teeth would not be understood in this way, some other ways to translate it are:

Keep the symbolic action but provide an explanation. For example:
you will gnash your teeth in anger
Translate the meaning without the action. For example:
you will be bitterly angry
Use an action that would be meaningful in your culture. For example:
you will stamp your feet

13:28b

when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God,

when you^(plur) will see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets included in God’s rule/kingdom,
for you will see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all God’s prophets present in the place where God rules,

when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God: Jesus was referring here to the future time in the kingdom of God. At that time, people will see how God will bless the faithful believers from the past. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were the first ancestors of the Jews. They and the prophets were people who would definitely be included in the kingdom of God. The text does not imply that they were the only people who would be in the kingdom. They would be there along with all other faithful believers who had died.

all the prophets: The phrase all the prophets here refers to all the faithful prophets of God. It does not include the false prophets or prophets of other deities.

prophets: The word prophets describes men and women who spoke on behalf of God. They told people what God revealed to them. Some ways to translate prophets are:

spokesmen for God

men who speak God’s words

God’s message-speakers

The word prophets also occurs in 11:47b. See also prophet in the Glossary.

in the kingdom of God: In most contexts the phrase the kingdom of God refers to God’s activity of ruling and caring for his people as their king. It does not refer to a land or country that he rules over. However, 13:28–29 has the metaphor of people gathering from all directions to sit down at a feast. Here, the emphasis is on being inside or outside the area of God’s rule, and being included or excluded from a particular group whom God rules.

Some ways to translate in the kingdom of God here are:

included among those whom God rules and cares for

in the good place where God rules

The term kingdom of God also occurs in 13:18a, but there the context is different.

13:28c

but you yourselves are thrown out.

but you^(plur) yourselves are excluded/banished from it.
but God will keep you^(plur) out of it.

but you yourselves are thrown out: The phrase you yourselves refers to all the people in the crowd who did not obey God and believe in Jesus. They would be excluded from joining their ancestors in the kingdom of God.

are thrown out: In this context, the term that the BSB translates literally as thrown out means “excluded” or “banished.” It means that God will keep these people outside his kingdom. In this context it does not imply that these people were once in God’s kingdom and were then thrown out. Other ways to translate this verse part are:

and you yourselves are driven away (REB)

and you yourselves excluded, outside (JBP)

General Comment on 13:28a–c

Weeping and gnashing of teeth is the result of being excluded from God’s kingdom and seeing others inside it. In some languages it may be more natural to reorder this verse so that one or both of these causes precede the result. For example:

^28bYou will see Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, ^28cbut God will not permit you to enter. ^28aThen/So you will cry and gnash your teeth in anger.

^28cThen when you have been thrown outside, ^28ayou will weep and grit your teeth ^28bbecause you will see Abraham and Isaac and all the prophets in God’s kingdom. (CEV)

^28cWhen you see Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets there in the good place where God is king, ^28ayou will weep and grind your teeth, ^28cbecause as for you, you will be excluded/outside.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: translate-symaction

ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων

¬the ¬the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμός καί ὁ βρυγμός τῶν ὀδόντων ὅταν ὄψησθε Ἀβραάμ καί Ἰσαάκ καί Ἰακώβ καί πάντας τούς προφήτας ἐν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμᾶς δέ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω)

These are actions that indicate deep regret and sadness. If people in your culture would not express themselves in this way, you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: [actions that express great mourning]

Note 2 topic: translate-names

Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ Ἰακὼβ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμός καί ὁ βρυγμός τῶν ὀδόντων ὅταν ὄψησθε Ἀβραάμ καί Ἰσαάκ καί Ἰακώβ καί πάντας τούς προφήτας ἐν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμᾶς δέ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω)

These are the names of three men. See how you translated them in [3:34](../03/34.md).

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ

in the Kingdom ¬the ˱of˲_God

See how you decided to translate the phrase the kingdom of God in [4:43](../04/43.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun kingdom with a verb such as “rule.” Alternate translation: [in the place where God rules]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω

you_all (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμός καί ὁ βρυγμός τῶν ὀδόντων ὅταν ὄψησθε Ἀβραάμ καί Ἰσαάκ καί Ἰακώβ καί πάντας τούς προφήτας ἐν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμᾶς δέ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω)