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Prov 31 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V30 V31

OET interlinear PROV 31:21

◄ ← PROV 31:21 ↓ → ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. לֹא
    2. 398679
    3. Not
    4. -
    5. 3808
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. S
    9. Y-700
    10. 278291
    2. 398680
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 278292
    1. תִירָא
    2. 398681
    3. she is afraid
    4. -
    5. 3372
    6. V-Vqi3fs
    7. she_is_afraid
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278293
    1. לְ,בֵיתָ,הּ
    2. 398682,398683,398684
    3. for household of her
    4. her
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3fs
    7. for,household_of,her
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278294
    1. מִ,שָּׁלֶג
    2. 398685,398686
    3. from snow
    4. snows
    5. 7950
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. from,snow
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278295
    1. כִּי
    2. 398687
    3. if/because
    4. because
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278296
    1. כָל
    2. 398688
    3. all of
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. all_of
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278297
    2. 398689
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 278298
    1. בֵּיתָ,הּ
    2. 398690,398691
    3. household of her
    4. -
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3fs
    7. household_of,her
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278299
    1. לָבֻשׁ
    2. 398692
    3. +is clothed
    4. clothes
    5. 3847
    6. V-Vqsmsa
    7. [is]_clothed
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278300
    1. שָׁנִים
    2. 398693
    3. scarlet(s)
    4. -
    5. 8144
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. scarlet(s)
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278301
    2. 398694
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 278302

OET (OET-LV) Not she_is_afraid for_household_of_her from_snow if/because all_of household_of_her is_clothed scarlet(s).

OET (OET-RV) She’s not worried about her household when it snows,
 ⇔ because they’re all dressed in quality clothes.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 31:10–31: This poem describes a capable wife who has good character

In Hebrew, this section is arranged in the form of an acrostic poem. Each of its twenty-two verses begins with a different letter, following the normal order of the Hebrew alphabet. The poem praises the character and abilities of an ideal wife. After an introduction that describes her value (vv. 10–12), the poem describes her activities and achievements in various areas (vv. 13–27). It concludes with praise by her family (vv. 28–29) and all the people (vv. 30–31). The last two verses also serve as the poet’s final conclusion. They summarize what is truly important in an ideal wife.Waltke (page 515) says that the final two verses are praise “by all.” Murphy (page 245) agrees that the “praise” in the final two verses is the “goal or purpose of the poem.”

Some other headings for this section are:

A good wife with many abilities

Description of a Worthy Woman (NASB)

A truly good wife (CEV)

Paragraph 31:19–22

This paragraph describes the wife’s work to provide clothing and bed coverings for her family (31:19, 21, 22). It also describes her generous help to the poor (31:20).

31:21

In this verse, the first line gives the result (“no fear”). The second line gives the reason (fine clothing).

21aWhen it snows, she has no fear for her household,

21bfor they are all clothed in scarlet.

31:21a

When it snows, she has no fear for her household,

When it snows: The phrase When it snows refers to the time of year when the weather is cold enough for snow to fall. In Palestine, this winter season lasts from November to February.Waltke (page 530). Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

when it is winter

when it is cold season

she has no fear for her household: The phrase she has no fear means that she is not worried or anxious. The word household is the same word as in 31:15. It probably refers here to the servants as well as the members of the family.See the NJB “she has no fears for her household, with all her servants warmly clothed.” In 31:15, there was a separate verse part (c) that specified the servant girls, so the NIV translated part (b) as “family.” Here in 31:21, it refers to “all” in the household. The BSB translates the word as “her household” in both places.

Some other ways to translate this line are:

She has no fear of winter for her household (NLT)

She is not worried about her household when cold weather arrives

31:21a–b

(combined/reordered)

31:21b

for they are all clothed in scarlet.

for they are all clothed in scarlet: There are two textual options here for the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as scarlet:

  1. The Masoretic Text (MT), supported by the Syriac and Targum, have scarlet or “crimson.” For example:

    for all her household are clothed in crimson (NRSV) (BSB, ESV, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NJPS, NRSV)

  2. The LXX and Latin Vulgate change some of the vowels to get a word that means “two” or “double.” For example:

    because her whole family has a double layer of clothing (GW) (GW, NAB, REB)

It is recommended that you follow the MT, along with most English versions. The main argument against the MT is that a bright color is not relevant to keeping warm in cold weather.Hubbard, Murphy, Whybray, and Toy all argue that bright crimson clothing signified luxury rather than warmth. Kidner (page 184) also comments that the word “scarlet” has an unusual plural ending. The main argument in favor of the MT is that scarlet clothing was made out of wool. So it was warm and of high quality as well as being luxurious.Waltke, Fox, Garrett, McKane, and Cohen all support the Masoretic Text. Waltke (page 530) comments that the crimson color represents “costly wool.” He points out (page 512) that crimson wool combines the ideas of luxury and warmth. The color also fits well with the “purple dyed wool” in v.22.

Some ways to translate this line are:

General Comment on 31:21a–b

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine some of the words or phrases in these lines or to reorder the reason before the result. For example:

Her entire household has expensive, warm clothes to wear, so she has no reason to worry when cold weather arrives.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לְ⁠בֵיתָ֣⁠הּ & כָל־בֵּ֝יתָ֗⁠הּ

for,household_of,her & all household_of,her

See how you translated the same use of her house in [31:15](../31/15.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

לֹא־תִירָ֣א לְ⁠בֵיתָ֣⁠הּ

not afraid for,household_of,her

Here, Lemuel’s mother implies that this woman does not fear for her house to become cold. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “She does not fear for her house to become cold”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

מִ⁠שָּׁ֑לֶג

from,snow

Here, snow refers to cold weather, which is the time when snow falls. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “because of cold weather” or “because of winter”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

לָבֻ֥שׁ שָׁנִֽים

clothed years

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “she has clothed with crimson”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

שָׁנִֽים

years

Here, crimson refers to warm clothing that is made from expensive crimson cloth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have expensive, warm clothing”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

31:10-31 Proverbs ends with a powerful poem celebrating the virtuous wife. The poem’s acrostic arrangement gives an impression of completeness and provides the student with an aid for learning.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Not
    2. -
    3. 3835
    5. 398679
    6. S-Tn
    8. S
    9. Y-700
    10. 278291
    1. she is afraid
    2. -
    3. 3293
    5. 398681
    6. V-Vqi3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278293
    1. for household of her
    2. her
    3. 3705,1094,1978
    5. 398682,398683,398684
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278294
    1. from snow
    2. snows
    3. 4129,7658
    5. 398685,398686
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278295
    1. if/because
    2. because
    3. 3482
    5. 398687
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278296
    1. all of
    2. -
    3. 3671
    5. 398688
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278297
    1. household of her
    2. -
    3. 1094,1978
    5. 398690,398691
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278299
    1. +is clothed
    2. clothes
    3. 3802
    5. 398692
    6. V-Vqsmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278300
    1. scarlet(s)
    2. -
    3. 7845
    5. 398693
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278301

OET (OET-LV) Not she_is_afraid for_household_of_her from_snow if/because all_of household_of_her is_clothed scarlet(s).

OET (OET-RV) She’s not worried about her household when it snows,
 ⇔ because they’re all dressed in quality clothes.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 31:21 ↑ → ║ ©