OET interlinear 2 SAM 3:29

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-pronouns

יָחֻ֨לוּ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ יוֹאָ֔ב וְ⁠אֶ֖ל כָּל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י⁠ו

fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to (Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

The word as it refers back to “the blood of Abner” in the previous verse. If you translated “blood” with a plural form there, it may be natural for you to use a plural pronoun here. You could also state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [May Abner’s blood writhe on the head of Joab and to all of the house of his father]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

יָחֻ֨לוּ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ יוֹאָ֔ב וְ⁠אֶ֖ל כָּל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י⁠ו

fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to (Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

David is using the same common expression here that he used in [1:16](../01/16.md), about blood being on someone’s head, to mean that a person was morally and legally responsible for something and would be punished for it. Here he uses a more vivid form of the expression and wishes that the blood of Abner would writhe on Joab’s head. This represents the sufferings of Joab and his extended family that David describes in the rest of the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [May Joab and all of the house of his father painfully bear the responsibility for it]

Note 3 topic: translate-kinship

בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י⁠ו

(Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

The expression the house of his father refers to Joab’s extended family and descendants. Your language may have its own term or expression for such a group of related people. Alternate translation: [his extended family]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וְֽ⁠אַל־יִכָּרֵ֣ת מִ⁠בֵּ֣ית יוֹאָ֡ב

and,not (Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

The expression be cut off is a passive verbal form. If your language would not use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [and may not be missing from the house of Joab] or [may there always be in the house of Joab]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

מִ⁠בֵּ֣ית יוֹאָ֡ב

(Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

See how you translated the similar expression in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: [among the descendants of Joab]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וּ⁠מְצֹרָ֞ע

and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease

The expression stricken with leprosy is a passive verbal form. If your language would not use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [or a leper]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

וּ⁠מַחֲזִ֥יק בַּ⁠פֶּ֛לֶךְ

and,[one_who]_takes_hold (Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

This expression could describe: (1) a person who, because of injury or illness, needs to use a staff to support himself when standing or walking. Alternate translation: [or a lame person]; (2) a man who, because of injury or weakness, cannot do strenuous work or fight in battles and so must do domestic work such as using a distaff (spindle) to wind wool into thread. Alternate translation: [or a weak man]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

וְ⁠נֹפֵ֥ל בַּ⁠חֶ֖רֶב

and,[one_who]_falls (Some words not found in UHB: fall on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in head Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and=near/to all/each/any/every house_of his/its=father and,not be_without from,the_house_of Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) has_a_discharge and,[one_who]_has_a_skin_disease and,[one_who]_takes_hold on,spindle and,[one_who]_falls by,sword and_[one],lacking_of food )

See how you translated the similar expression in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: [or one dying in battle]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

וַ⁠חֲסַר־לָֽחֶם

and_[one],lacking_of food

David is using the adjective destitute as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [or someone who lacks bread]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

וַ⁠חֲסַר־לָֽחֶם

and_[one],lacking_of food

David is using bread to represent all food or basic necessities. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [or someone who lacks food] or [someone who is desperately poor]