Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative, blue:Elohim, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXΚαὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησεν Σηὼν βασιλεὺς Ἐσεβὼν παρελθεῖν ἡμᾶς διʼ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἐσκλήρυνε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατίσχυσε τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, ἵνα παραδοθῇ εἰς τὰς χεῖράς σου ὡς ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ. (Kai ouk aʸthelaʸsen Saʸōn basileus Esebōn parelthein haʸmas diʼ autou, hoti esklaʸrune Kurios ho Theos haʸmōn to pneuma autou, kai katisⱪuse taʸn kardian autou, hina paradothaʸ eis tas ⱪeiras sou hōs en taʸ haʸmera tautaʸ. )
BrTrAnd Seon king of Esebon would not that we should pass by him, because the Lord our God hardened his spirit, and made his heart stubborn, that he might be delivered into thy hands, as on this day.
ULTBut Sihon, king of Heshbon, was not willing to let us pass by him, for Yahweh your God had hardened his spirit and strengthened his heart in order to give him into your hand, as this day.
USTBut King Sihon of Heshbon would not allow us to go through his country. That is because Yahweh our God caused him to be stubborn so that Yahweh could cause us to defeat his army and take his land, in which we still live.
BSB § But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass through, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into your hand, as is the case this day.
WEBBEBut Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him, for the LORD your God hardened his spirit and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into your hand, as it is today.
NETBut King Sihon of Heshbon was unwilling to allow us to pass near him because the Lord our God had made him obstinate and stubborn so that he might deliver him over to you this very day.
LSVAnd Sihon king of Heshbon has not been willing to let us pass over by him, for your God YHWH has hardened his spirit and strengthened his heart, so as to give him into your hand as at this day.
FBVBut Sihon king of Heshbon refused to let us pass through, for the Lord your God gave him a stubborn spirit and an obstinate attitude, so the Lord could hand him over to you, as he has now done.
T4TBut King Sihon would not allow us to go through his country. That was because Yahweh our God caused him to be stubborn [IDM]. The result was that Yahweh enabled us to defeat his army and take his land [IDM], which we still live in.
LEBBut Sihon king of Heshbon was not willing to let us cross through his territory because Yahweh your God hardened his spirit and made him obstinate[fn] in order to give him[fn] into your hand, just as he has now done.[fn]
BBEBut Sihon, king of Heshbon, would not let us go through; for the Lord your God made his spirit hard and his heart strong, so that he might give him up into your hands as at this day.
JPSBut Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.
ASVBut Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for Jehovah thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as at this day.
DRAAnd Sehon the king of Hesebon would not let us pass: because the Lord thy God had hardened his spirit, and fixed his heart, that he might be delivered into thy hands, as now thou seest.
YLT'And Sihon king of Heshbon hath not been willing to let us pass over by him, for Jehovah thy God hath hardened his spirit, and strengthened his heart, so as to give him into thy hand as at this day.
DrbyBut Sihon the king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for Jehovah thy [fn]God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obdurate, that he might give him into thy hand, as it is this day.
RVBut Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as at this day.
WbstrBut Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.
KJB-1769But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day. (But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy/your God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy/your hand, as appeareth this day. )
KJB-1611But Sihon King of Heshbon would not let vs passe by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that hee might deliuer him into thy hand, as appeareth this day. (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation)
BshpsBut Sehon ye kyng of Hesbon woulde not let vs passe by hym: for the Lorde thy God hardened his spirite, and made his heart obstinate, because he woulde deliuer him into thy hande, as it is come to passe this day. (But Sehon ye/you_all king of Hesbon would not let us pass by him: for the Lord thy/your God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, because he would deliver him into thy/your hand, as it is come to pass this day.)
GnvaBut Sihon the King of Heshbon would not let vs passe by him: for the Lord thy God had hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, because hee would deliuer him into thine hand, as appeareth this day. (But Sihon the King of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the Lord thy/your God had hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, because he would deliver him into thine/your hand, as appeareth this day. )
CvdlBut Sihon the kynge at Hesbon wolde not let vs go by him: for the LORDE yi God herdened his mynde, & made his hert tough that he mighte delyuer him in to thy hades, as it is come to passe this daye. (But Sihon the king at Hesbon would not let us go by him: for the LORD yi God hearded his mind, and made his heart tough that he might deliver him in to thy/your hades, as it is come to pass this day.)
WyclAnd Seon, kyng of Esebon, nolde yyue passage `to vs; for thi Lord God made hard his spirit, and made sad in yuel `the herte of hym, that he schulde be bitakun in to thin hondis, as thou seest now. (And Seon, king of Esebon, nolde give passage `to us; for thy/your Lord God made hard his spirit, and made sad in evil `the heart of him, that he should be bitakun in to thin hands, as thou/you seest now.)
LuthAber Sihon, der König zu Hesbon, wollte uns nicht durchziehen lassen; denn der HErr, dein GOtt, verhärtete seinen Mut und verstockte ihm sein Herz, auf daß er ihn in deine Hände gäbe, wie es jetzt ist am Tage. (But Sihon, the/of_the king to Hesbon, wanted us/to_us/ourselves not durchziehen lassen; because the/of_the LORD, your God, verhärtete his Mut and verstockte him his heart, on that he him/it in your hands gäbe, like it jetzt is in/at/on_the days.)
ClVgNoluitque Sehon rex Hesebon dare nobis transitum: quia induraverat Dominus Deus tuus spiritum ejus, et obfirmaverat cor illius, ut traderetur in manus tuas, sicut nunc vides.[fn] (Noluitque Sehon king Hesebon dare us transitum: because induraverat Master God tuus spiritum his, and obfirmaverat heart illius, as traderetur in hands tuas, like now vides. )
2.30Quia induraverat. Longa patientia, non corrigendo, unde in Exodo: Ego induravi cor Pharaonis Exod. 10.; et Psalmista: Convertit cor eorum, ut odirent populum ejus Psal. 104.. Causa vero indurationis additur, ut traderetur in manus tuas, id est ut contereretur a te; quod non fieret nisi resisteret, nec resisteret nisi induratus esset. Hujus rei justitiam si quæsierimus, inscrutabilia sunt judicia ejus, sed iniquitas non est apud Deum.
2.30Because induraverat. Longa patientia, not/no corrigendo, whence in Exodo: I induravi heart Pharaonis Exod. 10.; and Psalmista: Convertit heart their, as odirent the_people his Psal. 104.. Causa vero indurationis additur, ut traderetur in hands tuas, id it_is as contereretur from te; that not/no fieret nisi resisteret, but_not resisteret nisi induratus esset. Huyus rei justitiam when/but_if quæsierimus, inscrutabilia are yudicia his, but iniquitas not/no it_is apud God.
2:30made Sihon stubborn and defiant (literally had hardened his spirit and strengthened his heart): Like Pharaoh (see Exod 7:13), Sihon was incorrigibly unrepentant and thus experienced God’s wrath. God knew that any further extension of grace to these rulers would be useless. Mystery surrounds the relationship between statements that people harden their own hearts (e.g., Exod 7:13, 22; 8:15) and statements that God hardens people’s hearts (e.g., Exod 4:21; 7:3; 9:12). What is clear is that God appeals for repentance and is ready to forgive, but when people continually ignore or reject his appeals, they can become incapable of hearing and obeying God (see “Hardened Hearts” Theme Note; Rom 1:21-28; 9:17-24).
Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, your is singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
hardened & DOM his/its=breath/wind/spirit & (Some words not found in UHB: and=not willing Şīḩōn king Ḩeshbōn pass,us in/on/over=him/it that/for/because/then/when hardened YHWH God,your DOM his/its=breath/wind/spirit and,obstinate DOM heart,his in_order_to give,him in/on/at/with,hand,your as_the,day the,this )
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than and in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “had hardened his spirit; indeed, he strengthened his heart”
hardened & DOM his/its=breath/wind/spirit & (Some words not found in UHB: and=not willing Şīḩōn king Ḩeshbōn pass,us in/on/over=him/it that/for/because/then/when hardened YHWH God,your DOM his/its=breath/wind/spirit and,obstinate DOM heart,his in_order_to give,him in/on/at/with,hand,your as_the,day the,this )
Here, hardened his spirit and strengthened his heart are idioms that mean “caused him to be stubborn.” If these phrases do not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “had caused him to be stiff-necked and caused him to be as stubborn as a mule” or “had caused him to be resistant and caused him to be obstinate”
Here, hand represents someone’s power and control. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “into your control”
The implication is that the Israelites control Sihon’s land at the time when Moses is giving this speech to the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as you control his land this day”
After the Israelites received the law on Mount Sinai, which may have been located at Khashm et-Tarif (see also “The Route of the Exodus”), they traveled to Kadesh-barnea, a distance that took eleven days “by the way of Mount Seir” (Deuteronomy 1:2). The phrase “by the way of Mount Seir” suggests that more than one route existed between Mount Sinai and Kadesh, as shown here, but the road the Israelites took probably ran alongside the mountainous region of Seir. This route would have offered greater access to water from wells, natural springs, and seasonal streams flowing from the hills of Seir–a critical necessity for a large group traveling through this very arid region. Nearly every location identified on this map was essentially a small community centered around one of these life-enabling sources of water. After reaching Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin, the Israelites prepared to enter Canaan by sending spies to scout out the land. But when ten of the twelve spies brought back news about the strength of the Canaanites, the people became afraid to enter the land, so the Lord punished them by condemning them to travel in the wilderness for forty years until that generation died off. Some Israelites repented and tried to enter the land, but they were beaten back to Hormah by the Amalekites and Canaanites. So for forty years the Israelites traveled from place to place, probably in the general area of Kadesh-barnea, though very few locations mentioned are able to be established with much certainty. As the forty years of traveling drew to a close, the Israelites prepared again to travel to Canaan by requesting permission from the king of Edom to pass through his land. When the king refused, the Israelites “turned away” from the Edomites and set out from Kadesh to travel to Mount Hor. The Jewish historian Josephus located Mount Hor at Jebel Nebi Harun, a very tall mountain in eastern Edom, but this has been rejected by many scholars in favor of other sites such as Jebel Madeira to the northeast of Kadesh. This author is convinced, however, that any candidate for Mount Hor must be sought to the south of Kadesh-barnea. Numbers 33:30 and Deuteronomy 10:6 mention that, during their wilderness travels, the Israelites camped at Moseroth/Moserah, which was apparently located at Mount Hor, since both Moseroth/Moserah and Mount Hor are cited as the place where Aaron died (Numbers 21:29-29; 33:37-39; Deuteronomy 10:6-9). It is difficult to envision the Israelites traveling back to the edge of Canaan after suffering defeat there the last time they attempted to enter the land. These same passages also note that after their stay at Moseroth/Moserah the Israelites traveled to Hor-haggidgad/Gudgodah (probably located along the Wadi Khadakhid) and then to Jotbathah, with no mention of passing through Kadesh, which they would have had to do if Mount Hor was north of Kadesh (since they were avoiding the land of Edom). Also, in Deuteronomy 2:1 Moses says that after the Israelites left Kadesh, “we journeyed back into the wilderness, in the direction of the Red Sea, as the Lord had told me and skirted Mount Seir for many days,” and Aaron’s death on Mount Hor fits best during this time. Similarly, Numbers 21:4 says “from Mount Hor they set out by the way to the Red Sea, to go around the land of Edom,” but there would have been no way to the Red Sea around the land of Edom if Mount Hor were located northeast of Kadesh. One element of the wilderness narratives that appears to favor a northeast location for Mount Hor, however, is the story of the king of Arad, which the book of Numbers (chapters 21 and 33) places immediately after the death of Aaron on Mount Hor. At first glance, the narrative seems to imply that the king attacked the Israelites at Mount Hor, which fits better with a northern location. Yet, it is also possible that the story is simply noting that it was after the Israelites’ arrival at Mount Hor that the king of Arad first learned of the Israelites’ renewed intentions to enter Canaan, perhaps as a result of their request to pass through Edom. But it may have been later that the king of Arad actually engaged them in battle, perhaps as they were passing north of Zalmonah and appeared to be ready to enter Canaan by way of Arad (see Numbers 33:41-42 and the map “The Journey to Abel-shittim”). For these reasons, this author believes that Har Karkom is the best candidate for the location of Mount Hor. The site is appropriately located at the edge of Seir and along the way to the Red Sea. This site’s role as an ancient cultic center is also well established. Perhaps Aaron’s priestly duties and authority in Israel had grown out of a similar role he had previously held at Mount Hor (see also Numbers 12:1-2; Deuteronomy 33:2; Judges 5:4-5), where he was eventually buried.
