EXO 4:21 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) On the way, Yahweh said to Mosheh, “When you return to Egypt, all those miracles that I gave you, you’ll be able to demonstrate them in front of Far’oh (Pharaoh), but as for me, I’m going to make him stubborn so that he won’t let your people leave.

Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν, πορευομένου σου καὶ ἀποστρέφοντος εἰς Αἴγυπτον, ὅρα πάντα τὰ τέρατα ἃ δέδωκα ἐν ταῖς χερσί σου, ποιήσεις αὐτὰ ἐναντίον Φαραώ· ἐγὼ δὲ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐξαποστείλῃ τὸν λαόν.
(Eipe de Kurios pros Mōusaʸn, poreuomenou sou kai apostrefontos eis Aigupton, hora panta ta terata ha dedōka en tais ⱪersi sou, poiaʸseis auta enantion Faraō; egō de sklaʸrunō taʸn kardian autou, kai ou maʸ exaposteilaʸ ton laon. )

BrTr And the Lord said to Moses, When thou goest and returnest to Egypt, see—all the miracles I have [fn]charged thee with, thou shalt work before Pharao: and I will harden his heart, and he shall certainly not send away the people.

ULT And Yahweh said to Moses, “While you are going to return to Egypt, see all the miracles that I put in your hand, and do them before the face of Pharaoh. But as for me, I shall strengthen his heart, and he will not let the people go.

UST Yahweh spoke to Moses again, “When you get to Egypt, be sure to do all the miracles that I have given you power to do in front of the king. But I will make him reject you so that he will not let the Israelites leave Egypt.

BSB § The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden [fn] his heart so that he will not let the people go.

OEB No OEB EXO book available

WEBBE The LORD said to Moses, “When you go back into Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in your hand, but I will harden his heart and he will not let the people go.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET The Lord said to Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the wonders I have put under your control. But I will harden his heart and he will not let the people go.

LSV And YHWH says to Moses, “In your going to return to Egypt, see—all the wonders which I have put in your hand—that you have done them before Pharaoh, and I strengthen his heart, and he does not send the people away;

FBV The Lord told Moses, “When you get back to Egypt, make sure to go to Pharaoh and carry out the miracles I've given you to do. I will make him stubborn[fn] and he will not let the people go.

4:21 “Stubborn”: literally, “harden his heart,” similarly translated throughout the book. The same experience is described as being God's action, Pharaoh's own action, and also in the passive with no agent identified.

T4T Yahweh said to Moses/me, “When you return to Egypt, be sure to perform all the miracles that I have given you power to do, while the king is watching. But I will make him stubborn [IDM], with the result that he will not let the Israeli people leave Egypt.

LEB And Yahweh said to Moses, “When you go to return to Egypt, see all of the wonders that I have put in your hand, and do them before Pharaoh, and I myself will harden his heart, and he will not release the people.

BBE And the Lord said to Moses, When you go back to Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have given you power to do: but I will make his heart hard and he will not let the people go.

Moff No Moff EXO book available

JPS And the LORD said unto Moses: 'When thou goest back into Egypt, see that thou do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in thy hand; but I will harden his heart, and he will not let the people go.

ASV And Jehovah said unto Moses, When thou goest back into Egypt, see that thou do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in thy hand: but I will harden his heart and he will not let the people go.

DRA And the Lord said to him as he was returning into Egypt: See that thou do all the wonders before Pharao, which I have put in thy hand: I shall harden his heart, and he will not let the people go.

YLT And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'In thy going to turn back to Egypt, see — all the wonders which I have put in thy hand — that thou hast done them before Pharaoh, and I — I strengthen his heart, and he doth not send the people away;

Drby And Jehovah said to Moses, When thou goest to return to Egypt, see that thou do all the wonders before Pharaoh that I have put in thy hand. And I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

RV And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest back into Egypt, see that thou do before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, and he will not let the people go.

Wbstr And the LORD said to Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou perform all those wonders before Pharaoh which I have put in thy hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

KJB-1769 And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.
(And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou/you goest to return into Egypt, see that thou/you do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine/your hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go. )

KJB-1611 And the LORD said vnto Moses, When thou goest to returne into Egypt, see that thou doe all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I haue put in thine hand: but I wil harden his heart, that hee shall not let the people goe.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above)

Bshps And the Lorde sayde vnto Moyses: When thou art entred and come into Egypt agayne, see that thou do all the wonders before Pharao whiche I haue put in thy hand: but I wyll hold his heart, & he shal not let the people go.
(And the Lord said unto Moses: When thou/you art entered and come into Egypt again, see that thou/you do all the wonders before Pharaoh which I have put in thy/your hand: but I will hold his heart, and he shall not let the people go.)

Gnva And the Lord saide vnto Moses, When thou art entred and come into Egypt againe, see that thou doe all the wonders before Pharaoh, which I haue put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, and he shall not let the people goe.
(And the Lord said unto Moses, When thou/you art entered and come into Egypt again, see that thou/you do all the wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine/your hand: but I will harden his heart, and he shall not let the people go. )

Cvdl And the LORDE saide vnto Moses: When thou comest agayne in to Egipte, se yt thou do all the wonders (before Pharao) which I haue put in yi hade. But I wil harde his hert, yt he shall not let the people go.
(And the LORD said unto Moses: When thou/you comest/come again in to Egypt, see it thou/you do all the wonders (before Pharao) which I have put in yi hade. But I will hard his heart, it he shall not let the people go.)

Wycl And the Lord seide to hym turnynge ayen in to Egipt, Se, that thou do alle wondris, whiche Y haue put in thin hond, bifore Farao; Y schal make hard his herte, and he schal not delyuere the puple; and thou schalt seie to hym,
(And the Lord said to him turnynge again in to Egypt, Se, that thou/you do all wondris, which I have put in thin hand, before Farao; I shall make hard his heart, and he shall not deliver the puple; and thou/you shalt say to him,)

Luth Und der HErr sprach zu Mose: Siehe zu, wenn du wieder nach Ägypten kommst, daß du alle die Wunder tust vor Pharao, die ich dir in deine Hand gegeben habe; ich aber will sein Herz verstocken, daß er das Volk nicht lassen wird.
(And the/of_the LORD spoke to Mose: Siehe to, when you again after Egypt kommst, that you all the Wunder tust before/in_front_of Pharao, the I you/to_you in your hand given have; I but will his heart verstocken, that he the people not lassen wird.)

ClVg Dixitque ei Dominus revertenti in Ægyptum: Vide ut omnia ostenta quæ posui in manu tua, facias coram Pharaone: ego indurabo cor ejus, et non dimittet populum.[fn]
(And_he_said to_him Master revertenti in Ægyptum: Vide as everything ostenta which posui in by_hand tua, facias before Pharaone: I indurabo heart his, and not/no dimittet the_people. )

4.21 Ego indurabo cor ejus. AUG., Serm. 88. Quid est, ego indurabo cor ejus, nisi cum abfuerit gratia mea, obduret illum nequitia sua? Sicut quoties nimio frigore constringitur aqua, solis calore superveniente resolvitur; et discedente sole iterum obduratur: ita peccatorum frigore refrigescit charitas multorum, et velut glacies obdurantur; et cum calor divinæ misericordiæ supervenerit, resolvuntur. Hoc in Pharaone cognoscimus, a quo quoties flagella remota sunt, se contra Deum obduratus erexit; quoties afflictus est, supplicavit. Non est ergo iniquitas in Deo. Unde non tam potentia quam patientia Dei Pharaonem fecit obdurari. Quam rem etiam circa vernaculos nostros solemus exercere, quibus frequenter peccantibus indulgemus, dicentes: Ego talem te feci, ego tibi parcendo proterviam tuam negligentiamque nutrivi.

4.21 I indurabo heart his. AUG., Serm. 88. What it_is, ego indurabo heart his, nisi when/with abfuerit gratia mea, obduret him nequitia sua? Sicut quoties nimio frigore constringitur water, solis calore superveniente resolvitur; and discedente sole again obduratur: ita sinners frigore refrigescit charitas multorum, and velut glacies obdurantur; and when/with calor divinæ misericordiæ supervenerit, resolvuntur. This in Pharaone cognoscimus, from quo quoties flagella remota are, se on_the_contrary God obduratus erexit; quoties afflictus it_is, supplicavit. Non it_is therefore iniquitas in Deo. Unde not/no tam potentia how patientia of_God Pharaonem he_did obdurari. Quam rem also circa vernaculos ours solemus exercere, to_whom frequenter peccantibus indulgemus, saying: I talem you(sg) feci, I to_you parcendo proterviam tuam negligentiamque nutrivi.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / quotemarks

בְּ⁠לֶכְתְּ⁠ךָ֙

in/on/at/with,go,you

This begins a direct quotation that continues to the end of 4:23. It contains up to fourth-level quotations. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening first-level quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation.

רְאֵ֗ה

see

Most translations and interpretations of the verb see take it to mean something like “see that you do.”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

כָּל־הַ⁠מֹּֽפְתִים֙ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי בְ⁠יָדֶ֔⁠ךָ

all/each/any/every the,wonders which/who put in/on/at/with,power,your

Here the miracles are spoken of as if they were items Moses could carry. In part, this may be because the three signs already given to Moses involved the use of his hand. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “all the wonders I have authorized you to perform”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֑ה

to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Farˊoh

This time, while before the face of still has the standard figurative meaning of “in the presence of,” it is a much more literal use here. Moses is to actually do the miracles in front of Pharaoh so he can see them. Alternative translation: “so Pharaoh can see them”

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

וַ⁠אֲנִי֙ אֲחַזֵּ֣ק

and,I harden

Referring to himself in the opening of this sentence serves to emphasize a contrast between what might normally be expected and what will actually happen. Translate this in a way that clearly contrasts the performance of miracles before Pharaoh (which might be expected to lead to him releasing the Israelites) with what Yahweh says Pharaoh will do.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וַ⁠אֲנִי֙ אֲחַזֵּ֣ק אֶת־לִבּ֔⁠וֹ

and,I harden DOM his/its=heart

This means that God will make him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart would be made stronger. If the heart is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. Alternate translation: “But as for me, I will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn”

Note 6 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

וְ⁠לֹ֥א יְשַׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־הָ⁠עָֽם

and=not let_~_go DOM the,people

Make it clear in your translation that this is a result of God hardening Pharaoh’s heart.

Parallel EXO 4:21