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Exo 7 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25
Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) But I’ll make Far’oh stubborn and so I’ll increase the signs and miracles that I’ll do in Egypt.
OET-LV And_I I_will_make_stubborn DOM the_heart of_Farˊoh and_multiply DOM signs_my and_DOM wonders_my in_land of_Miʦrayim.
UHB וַאֲנִ֥י אַקְשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֧י אֶת־אֹתֹתַ֛י וְאֶת־מוֹפְתַ֖י בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ ‡
(vaʼₐniy ʼaqsheh ʼet-lēⱱ parˊoh vəhirbēytiy ʼet-ʼototay vəʼet-mōfətay bəʼereʦ miʦrāyim.)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Ἐγὼ δὲ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραὼ, καὶ πληθυνῶ τὰ σημεῖά μου καὶ τὰ τέρατα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ.
(Egō de sklaʸrunō taʸn kardian Faraō, kai plaʸthunō ta saʸmeia mou kai ta terata en gaʸ Aiguptōi. )
BrTr And I will harden the heart of Pharao, and I will multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt.
ULT But I will harden the heart of Pharaoh, and I will multiply my signs and my miracles in the land of Egypt.
UST But I will make the king stubborn. Because of this, even though I will do many kinds of miracles here in Egypt,
BSB § But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I will multiply My signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,
OEB No OEB EXO book available
WEBBE I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and although I will multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt,
LSV And I harden the heart of Pharaoh, and have multiplied My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt,
FBV But I will give Pharaoh a stubborn attitude, and though I will perform many signs and wonders in Egypt, he won't listen to you.
T4T But I will make the king stubborn [IDM]. As a result, even though I perform many kinds of ◄miracles/terrifying things► [DOU] here in Egypt,
LEB And I myself will harden the heart of Pharaoh, and I will make my signs and my wonders numerous in the land of Egypt.
BBE And I will make Pharaoh's heart hard, and my signs and wonders will be increased in the land of Egypt.
Moff No Moff EXO book available
JPS And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.
ASV And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
DRA But I shall harden his heart, and shall multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,
YLT 'And I harden the heart of Pharaoh, and have multiplied My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt,
Drby And I will render Pharaoh's heart obdurate, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
RV And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
Wbstr And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
KJB-1769 And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
KJB-1611 And I will harden Pharaohs heart, and multiplie my signes and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)
Bshps And I will harden Pharaos heart, and multiplie my miracles & my wonders in the lande of Egypt.
(And I will harden Pharaos heart, and multiply my miracles and my wonders in the land of Egypt.)
Gnva But I will harden Pharaohs heart, and multiplie my miracles and my wonders in the lande of Egypt.
(But I will harden Pharaohs heart, and multiply my miracles and my wonders in the land of Egypt. )
Cvdl Neuertheles I wil harden Pharaos hert, yt I maye multiplye my tokens & wonders in the londe of Egipte.
(Nevertheless I will harden Pharaos heart, it I may multiplye my tokens and wonders in the land of Egypt.)
Wycl But Y schal make hard his herte, and Y schal multiplie my signes and merueils in the lond of Egipt, and he schal not here you;
(But I shall make hard his heart, and I shall multiply my signs and merueils in the land of Egypt, and he shall not here you;)
Luth Aber ich will Pharaos Herz verhärten, daß ich meiner Zeichen und Wunder viel tue in Ägyptenland.
(But I will Pharaos heart verhärten, that I my sign and Wunder many do in Egyptland.)
ClVg Sed ego indurabo cor ejus, et multiplicabo signa et ostenta mea in terra Ægypti,
(But I indurabo heart his, and multiplicabo signa and ostenta mea in earth/land Ægypti, )
7:3 The Lord would use miraculous signs and wonders to convince Pharaoh, just as he had promised to use signs to convince the Israelites that they should follow Moses (3:12; 4:5, 8, 9).
The Plagues
Rescuing the Hebrew people from oppression by the Egyptians was not the main purpose of the plagues. If that had been the case, one climactic miracle would have been sufficient. The real purpose of the plagues was to communicate who God is—to Israel, to Egypt, and to the surrounding nations.
The Israelites had likely lost sight of who God was. They had lived for hundreds of years in Egypt, one of the most polytheistic cultures the world has ever known. Whatever the Israelites may have believed about God when they arrived in Egypt, they were certainly infected with the prevailing pagan views during their sojourn there (see Exod 32).
The plagues revealed the Lord’s absolute superiority over everything in creation. These cataclysmic events were specifically aimed at elements the Egyptians revered and worshiped:
1. The Nile Turned to Blood (7:14-25): The Nile, revered as a god who gave Egypt life and fertility, became a bloody representation of death.
2. Frogs (8:1-15): The Egyptians revered frogs (represented by Heqet, frog-headed goddess of fruitfulness) as having the key of life beyond death. Now frogs filled the land with the stink of death.
3. Gnats (8:16-19): The “finger of God” fell on the land with a plague of biting insects that came from the earth, revealing God’s power over Geb, the Egyptian god of the earth.
4. Flies (8:20-32): The Lord made “a clear distinction” between Israel and Egypt when swarms of biting flies (revered as embodying life from death) filled the land and tormented the Egyptians, including Pharaoh.
5. Death of Livestock (9:1-7): The Egyptians revered cattle as divine, having the power of life and fertility; Amon-Re, the chief god of Egypt, was pictured as a bull. The “hand of the Lord” struck them, demonstrating his sovereign power.
6. Festering Boils (9:8-12): God struck the Egyptians with this plague of burning sores, which the Egyptian goddess of healing, Sekhmet, was evidently powerless to ameliorate.
7. Hail (9:13-35): The Egyptian god Osiris, who represented vegetation, was unable to prevent the Lord from destroying it, because “the earth belongs to the Lord.”
8. Locusts (10:1-20): The Lord directed the wind and sent locusts to destroy the last of the vegetation, and with it any hope in Osiris to restore Egypt’s crops.
9. Darkness (10:21-29): The Lord demonstrated complete, sovereign control over Re, the sun god and king of the Egyptian gods, considered the father of mankind. No power in Egypt could stand against the Lord and his purposes.
10. Death of the Firstborn (11:1–12:30): The Lord took away life itself—which the Egyptians revered above all else—from the heir of every family in Egypt, while preserving and rescuing Israel through the blood sacrifice of the Lord’s Passover.
Thus Yahweh demonstrated to both the Egyptians and the Israelites that he alone is God.
The plagues are often referred to as “signs,” just as Jesus’ miracles were (e.g., 7:3; 10:1-2; John 2:23; 4:48; 12:37). The plagues show that worshiping created things brings God’s judgment. Jesus’ miracles, on the other hand, show that all that is deadly in creation—illness, the demonic, nature run amok, and even death itself—can be overcome by God’s gift of life.
Passages for Further Study
Gen 12:15-20; 20:1-18; Exod 7:3-5; 7:14–11:1012:28-33; 32:35; Num 11:33; 12:1-15; 16:43-50; 1 Kgs 13:4; 2 Kgs 2:24; 2 Chr 26:16-21; Acts 5:1-11
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
אַקְשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה
harden DOM heart Farˊoh's
This means God will make him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart were hard. If the heart is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in Exodus 4:21, but note the slightly different metaphor there: the heart being strong vs. hard here. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet
אֶת־אֹתֹתַ֛י וְאֶת־מוֹפְתַ֖י
DOM DOM signs,my and=DOM wonders,my
The words signs and wonders mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. If your language does not use repetition in this way, you can combine them.