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OET (OET-LV) And the Farisaios_party and the scribes of_them were_grumbling at the apprentices/followers of_him saying:
for_ Why _reason you_all_are_eating and you_all_are_drinking with the tax_collectors and sinners?
OET (OET-RV) Some from the Pharisees party and religious teachers grumbled at Yeshua’s followers, complaining, “Why are you all eating and drinking with tax collectors and other low-life?”
Note 1 topic: writing-pronouns
πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ
at the disciples ˱of˲_him
In this case, the pronoun his refers to Jesus, not to Levi. Alternate translation: “to Jesus’ disciples”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion
διὰ τί μετὰ τῶν τελωνῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐσθίετε καὶ πίνετε?
for_reason why with the tax_collectors and sinners ˱you_all˲_/are/_eating and ˱you_all˲_/are/_drinking
The Pharisees and scribes are using the question form to express their disapproval. They believed that religious people should separate themselves from people whom they considered to be sinners. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate their words as a statement or exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should not eat and drink with sinful tax collectors!”
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / you
ἐσθίετε καὶ πίνετε
˱you_all˲_/are/_eating and ˱you_all˲_/are/_drinking
The word you is plural, since the Pharisees are speaking to the disciples as a group, not to one particular disciple.
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / merism
ἐσθίετε καὶ πίνετε
˱you_all˲_/are/_eating and ˱you_all˲_/are/_drinking
The Pharisees are using the two components of a meal to mean an entire meal. Alternate translation: “share meals”
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / hendiadys
μετὰ τῶν τελωνῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν
with the tax_collectors and sinners
The Pharisees may be expressing a single idea by using two words connected with and. The previous verse says that there were many tax collectors at this banquet. So the term sinners may tell what the Pharisees thought these tax collectors were. Alternate translation: “with sinful tax collectors”
5:30 Meals were rituals of social status in the ancient world, and eating with someone meant social acceptance of that person. The Pharisees refused to eat with tax collectors and other sinners, or to enter their homes, believing that this would defile them. They expected Jesus, as a rabbi, to do the same. Jesus shattered social norms by dining with sinners and allowing sinful people to touch him (5:29; 7:39; 15:1). The religious leaders severely criticized him for this and derisively called him “a friend of tax collectors and other sinners” (7:34).
OET (OET-LV) And the Farisaios_party and the scribes of_them were_grumbling at the apprentices/followers of_him saying:
for_ Why _reason you_all_are_eating and you_all_are_drinking with the tax_collectors and sinners?
OET (OET-RV) Some from the Pharisees party and religious teachers grumbled at Yeshua’s followers, complaining, “Why are you all eating and drinking with tax collectors and other low-life?”
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.