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Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXοὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσμαὴλ, καὶ ταῦτα τὰ ὀνόματα αὐτῶν ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἐπαύλεσιν αὐτῶν· δώδεκα ἄρχοντες κατὰ ἔθνη αὐτῶν. (houtoi eisin hoi huioi Ismaaʸl, kai tauta ta onomata autōn en tais skaʸnais autōn, kai en tais epaulesin autōn; dōdeka arⱪontes kata ethnaʸ autōn. )
BrTrThese are the sons of Ismael, and these are their names in their tents and in their dwellings, twelve princes according to their nations.
ULTThose were the sons of Ishmael, and those are their names by their settlements and by their camps, twelve rulers according to their tribes.
USTThose were Ishmael’s twelve sons, who became the leaders of twelve tribes that were named after them, and each tribe lived in its own towns and villages.
BSB § These were the sons of Ishmael, and these were their names by their villages and encampments—twelve princes of their tribes.
OEBThese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments, twelve princes according to their peoples.
WEBBEThese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments: twelve princes, according to their nations.
JPSthese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their nations.
ASVthese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their nations.
DRAThese are the sons of Ismael: and these are their names by their castles and towns, twelve princes of their tribes.
YLTthese are sons of Ishmael, and these their names, by their villages, and by their towers; twelve princes according to their peoples.
DrbyThese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, in their hamlets and their encampments — twelve princes of their peoples.
RVthese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their nations.
WbstrThese are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.
KJB-1769These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.
KJB-1611These are the sonnes of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their townes and by their castels; twelue princes according to their nations. (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)
BshpsThese are the sonnes of Ismael, and these are their names by theyr townes and castles, twelue princes of their housholdes. (These are the sons of Ismael, and these are their names by their towns and castles, twelve princes of their households.)
GnvaThese are the sonnes of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their townes and by their castles: to wit, twelue princes of their nations. (These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns and by their castles: to wit, twelve princes of their nations. )
CvdlThese are the childre of Ismael with their names in their courtes and cities twolue londeprynces. (These are the children of Ismael with their names in their courtes and cities twelve londeprinces.)
WyclThese weren the sones of Ismael, and these weren names by castels and townes of hem, twelue princes of her lynagis. (These were the sons of Ismael, and these were names by castles and towns of them, twelve princes of her lynagis.)
LuthDies sind die Kinder Ismaels mit ihren Namen in ihren Höfen und Städten, zwölf Fürsten über ihre Leute. (This/These are the children Ismaels with your name(s) in your Höfen and Städten, zwölf prince(s) above their/her Leute.)
ClVgIsti sunt filii Ismaëlis: et hæc nomina per castella et oppida eorum, duodecim principes tribuum suarum.[fn] (Isti are children Ismaëlis: and these_things nomina through castella and oppida their, twelve principes tribuum suarum. )
25.16Duodecim principes tribuum suarum. Et facti sunt anni vitæ Ismæl, etc. Duodenarius, sicut sacratus est in apostolis et in apostolicis viris, sic exsecrabilis est in reprobis contra fidem Trinitatis et Evangelium per quatuor mundi partes dilatatis.
25.16Duodecim principes tribuum suarum. And facti are anni of_life Ismæl, etc. Duodenarius, like sacratus it_is in apostolis and in apostolicis viris, so exsecrabilis it_is in reprobis on_the_contrary faith Trinitatis and the_Gospel through four mundi partes dilatatis.
and=these names,their in/on/at/with,villages,their and,in/on/at/with,encampments,their two ten princes according_to,tribes,their
The Hebrew words for settlements and camps overlap in meaning. Both refer to temporary or permanent places where people settled, surrounded by some sort of wall or fence. Also, many translations have “princes” here instead of “rulers,” but these Ishmaelite rulers were not actually sons of a king. See how you translated rulers in Gen 17:20. Alternate translation: “who became the rulers of twelve tribes that were named after them, and each tribe lived in its own settlements and camps” or “Each of them became the ruler of a tribe that was named after him, and each tribe had its own villages and tent settlements.”
Though the patriarch Isaac moved from place to place several times within southern Canaan, compared to his father Abraham and his son Jacob, Isaac appears to have been a bit of a homebody. In fact, unless Isaac resettled in places not recorded in Scripture, the farthest extent he ever traveled appears to have been only about 90 miles (113 km). Yet, as the child of God’s promise to Abraham to build a great nation from his descendants, Isaac’s relatively simple life served as a critical bridge from Abraham to the beginnings of the twelve tribes of Israel, who were descended from Isaac’s son Jacob. It is likely that Isaac was born at Beersheba (see Genesis 21:1-24), and later Abraham offered him as a sacrifice on Mount Moriah (located at Jerusalem; see 2 Chronicles 3:1). Then Abraham, Isaac, and those with them returned to Beersheba (Genesis 22:1-19). When Isaac reached adulthood, his father sent a servant to bring back a bride for him from Aram-naharaim, far north of Canaan. When his bride, Rebekah, arrived, Isaac had just come from Beer-lahai-roi and settled in the Negev (Genesis 24:62). Later Isaac resettled with Rebekah in Beer-lahai-roi, and this may have been where their twins son Esau and Jacob were born. A famine forced Isaac to go to Gerar (Genesis 26:1-6) in “the land of the Philistines.” The distinct people group known as the Philistines in later books of the Bible did not arrive until the time of the Judges, so the term here must have referred to another people group living in this region, and this is supported by the fact that King Abimelech’s name is Semitic, not Aegean (the likely origin of the later Philistines). While Isaac was there, he repeated his father’s error (Genesis 20) by lying to the king that his wife was only his sister. Isaac also became increasingly prosperous at Gerar, so the Philistines told him to leave their region. Isaac moved away from the town of Gerar and settled further away in the valley of Gerar. There he dug a well, but the Philistines claimed it for themselves, so he called it Esek, meaning “argument.” So Isaac’s men dug another well and called it Sitnah (meaning “hostility”), but it led to more quarreling, so he dug yet another well and called it Rehoboth (meaning “open space”). The locations of these two later wells are not certain, but they may have been located near Ruheibeh as shown on this map. Then Isaac moved to Beersheba and built an altar. He also dug a well there, and King Abimelech of the Philistines came and exchanged oaths of peace with him. It was likely at Beersheba that Isaac blessed his sons Esau and Jacob, and both sons eventually left Canaan (see “Jacob Goes to Paddan-Aram” map). When Jacob later returned, he traveled to Mamre near Hebron and reunited with Isaac. Sometime after this Isaac died, and Jacob and Esau buried him there.
The book of Genesis twice records the origin of the Ishmaelites, who were descended from Ishmael, the son of Abraham by Sarah’s handmaiden Hagar. Ishmael lived in the wilderness of Paran (Genesis 21:20-21), and his descendants eventually ranged from Shur near Egypt all the way around to Havilah on the Arabian peninsula (Genesis 25:12-18), as shown on this map that depicts the region around the time of the Judges. Yet the term Ishmaelite also appears to have referred in a more general sense to any of the nomadic groups that roamed the deserts of Sinai and Arabia, because the Midianites (another group descended from Abraham by his second wife Keturah; Genesis 25:1-2) are twice referred to as Ishmaelites: once when Joseph is sold to a group of Midianite traders traveling from Gilead to Egypt (Genesis 37:28-36), and again when Gideon is collecting gold earrings from the spoil taken from the Midianites (Judges 8:24). Likewise, the term Hagrites, (likely meaning those descended from Hagar), is applied at times to a tribal group that appears to have been among those descended from Ishmael, but in 1 Chronicles 27:30 the terms Ishmaelite and Hagrite are applied to two different people, indicating that the terms were not synonymous. Twelve tribes are specifically listed by Genesis as descending from Ishmael, similar to how Israel was reckoned as being comprised of twelve tribes descended from a single patriarch (Genesis 35:23-26). While some of the Ishmaelite tribes achieved political dominance during certain periods of biblical history, the twelve tribes never operated as a single, unified nation. The physical boundaries of each Ishmaelite tribe’s nomadic range is difficult to establish with much certainty, partially because nomads, by definition, continually move to new lands as needed to feed their flocks. Even so, a few clues from Scripture and other ancient sources point to the likely general range for each tribe, as shown on this map.
Nebaioth has often been speculated to be the same tribe that was later called the Nabateans, but the variance in the Hebrew spelling between the two names makes this identification unlikely. Rather, they were probably the Nabaiate of Assyrian documents, which mention them in close association with the tribe of Kedar. Nebaioth and Kedar are also mentioned together in Isaiah 60:7.
Kedar, the most prominent and powerful of the Ishmaelite tribes, lay to the southeast of Israel, and this is confirmed by Jeremiah’s comment in Jeremiah 2:10 that speaks of Cyprus and Kedar as lying on opposite sides of Israel. Kedar attained significant political strength during the ninth century B.C. until they were absorbed into the Nabatean empire in the first century B.C.
Adbeel was likely a tribe known by the Akkadians as the Idibilu, who were eventually conquered by Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria and employed to guard the approaches to Egypt’s borders.
Mibsam may be named after the word for “sweet odor,” suggesting that they may have been one of the people groups of western Arabia who produced world-renowned incense and transported it to ports along the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Mishma may have been centered around a mountain called Jebel Mishma today.
Dumah was likely centered around the ancient Arabian city by the same name.
Massa was known to the Assyrians as Mas’a, and they were forced to pay tribute to Tiglath-pileser III. Ptolemy knew the tribe as the Masanoi and located them to the northeast of Dumah.
Hadad is somewhat unknown in ancient sources, although today there is an Arabian tribe named Hadad that are mostly Christians, and they are located throughout the Levant.
Tema was no doubt centered around the city by the same name, and it was located near the rival oasis of Dedan. King Nabonidus of Babylon made Tema his headquarters as he gained control over the other Arabian desert oases (see Jeremiah 49:28; also see “Oases of the Arabian Desert” map).
Jetur was likely located northeast of Gilead, because 1 Chronicles 5:18-22 records how the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh attacked Jetur and the tribe of Naphish, captured many of them and their livestock, and occupied their territory until the time of the exile. By the time of Jesus, this tribe was known as the Itureans and had captured land just north of Israel.
Naphish was likely located just east of Gilead, because the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh attacked them and the tribe of Jetur and occupied their territory until the time of the exile (1 Chronicles 5:18-22).
Kedemah may have been located near the Reubenite town of Kedemoth.
Though Scripture sometimes refers to various tribes of Ishmael as enemies of Israel (1 Chronicles 5:18-22; Psalm 83:5-8), Isaiah also prophesied to Israel of a glorious day coming when “all the flocks of Kedar shall be gathered to you, the rams of Nebaioth shall minister to you; they shall be acceptable on my altar, and I will glorify my glorious house” (Isaiah 60:7).
