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OET interlinear PROV 23:10

◄ ← PROV 23:10 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. אַל
    2. 395239
    3. Do not
    4. Don't
    5. 408
    6. S-Tn
    7. do_not
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275660
    2. 395240
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275661
    1. תַּסֵּג
    2. 395241
    3. displace
    4. -
    5. 5253
    6. V-Vhj2ms
    7. displace
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275662
    1. גְּבוּל
    2. 395242
    3. a boundary of
    4. boundary
    5. 1366
    6. O-Ncmsc
    7. a_boundary_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275663
    1. עוֹלָם
    2. 395243
    3. antiquity
    4. -
    5. 5769
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. antiquity
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275664
    1. וּ,בִ,שְׂדֵי
    2. 395244,395245,395246
    3. and in +the fields of
    4. on fields
    6. S-C,R,Ncmpc
    7. and,in_[the],fields_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275665
    1. יְתוֹמִים
    2. 395247
    3. fatherless ones
    4. -
    5. 3490
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. fatherless_ones
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275666
    1. אַל
    2. 395248
    3. do not
    4. -
    5. 408
    6. S-Tn
    7. do_not
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275667
    2. 395249
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275668
    1. תָּבֹא
    2. 395250
    3. go
    4. -
    5. 935
    6. V-Vqj2ms
    7. go
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275669
    2. 395251
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275670

OET (OET-LV) Do_not displace a_boundary_of antiquity and_in_the_fields_of fatherless_ones do_not go.

OET (OET-RV) Don’t move an ancient boundary marker,
 ⇔ or encroach on the fields of those who are disadvantaged,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 22:17–24:22: Here are thirty sayings of wise people

This section follows the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs (10:1–22:16). It differs in significant ways from this preceding section:These differences were summarized from a number of commentaries, including UBS (page 472), Waltke (2004, page 22), and Hubbard (page 351).

  1. The preceding section has mostly two-line proverbs that are one verse in length. This section has proverbs of a different form. They are sayings that range from one to seven verses. Most of the sayings are two or three verses in length. Each saying will be marked as a separate paragraph in the Notes.

  2. Many of the proverbs in the preceding section express a general principle. They are not addressed specifically to the readers. Most of the sayings here contain direct commands. They advise the reader or listener either to follow wise behavior or avoid foolish behavior. Most of the sayings also give a reason or motive for following the command.

  3. As in chapters 1–9, the author addresses his reader or listener as a father who advises his son. He uses second person commands and pronouns (you(sing)). See the note on 23:15 for a list of verses where the words “my son” occur.

Some other headings for this section are:

Thirty Wise Sayings (CEV)

Words of the Wise (ESV)

Thirty Sayings of the Wise (NIV11)

Verse 22:20 mentions “thirty sayings,” but the Hebrew text itself does not number the sayings. Some versions that use the word “thirty” in the section heading also give a number as a separate heading for each saying. The GNT and CEV start numbering the sayings at 22:22. They have a total of thirty-one paragraphs. In these versions, the first paragraph (22:17–21) serves as an introduction to the thirty sayings (22:22–24:22).Scholars who identify 22:17–21 as the first saying include Hubbard (page 352), Fox (page 707), and Waltke (2004, page 22). Scholars who identify these verses as an introduction to the sayings that follow include Whybray (page 325) and Murphy (page 170). See also the NET footnote (b) on 22:16. Whether these introductory verses form the first saying or simply introduce the following sayings, all scholars agree that they function as an introduction to the whole section. Other versions, such as the NIV, NCV, and NLT, divide the paragraphs in the same way but do not have separate headings for each section. You may use either option in your translation.The NIV11 gives a number as a separate heading for each saying. But it counts the first paragraph as the first saying, and has a total of thirty paragraphs. Other versions have more or fewer paragraphs. For example, the ESV and NRSV have fifteen paragraphs. The NJB has thirty-four. Still other versions, such as the RSV, NET, and NJPS, do not group the verses into sayings or paragraphs.

For the convenience of those who decide to identify the number of each saying in their translation, the Notes will put the number in the paragraph headings, using the same numbering system as the GNT or CEV. These numbers will not be used in the Display.

Paragraph 23:10–11 Saying 10

This saying deals with the topic of boundary markers, as does 22:28. Two major differences are that this saying adds a specific warning not to steal land from orphans. Verse 23:11 also gives a reason or motivation to obey the warning.

23:10

The first line is a general command that would apply to anyone’s land. The second line applies specifically to land that is owned by orphans.

10aDo not move an ancient boundary stone

10bor encroach on the fields of the fatherless,

23:10a

Do not move an ancient boundary stone

Do not move an ancient boundary stone: This command is a warning to not steal the property of a neighbor by changing the original boundary marker. It is identical to the first part of 22:28. See how you translated that part of the verse.

23:10a–b

(combined/reordered)

23:10b

or encroach on the fields of the fatherless,

or encroach on the fields of the fatherless: In Hebrew, this clause is literally “and do not enter the fields of orphans.” If this were an isolated command, it could refer simply to trespassing on land that belonged to an orphan. However, the parallel command in 23:10a strongly implies that this command refers to illegally taking possession of the land.Cohen (page 153) comments that this warning prohibits trespassing “for the purpose of damaging their property or stealing some produce.” However, the parallelism argues strongly for actually taking possession of their land by moving the boundary markers. As Delitzsch (page 340) remarks, “enter in” implies illegally invading and occupying.

fields: In Hebrew, this word refers to any land/property, including open fields and land that is used for pasturing animals.Waltke (page 244).

fatherless: In Hebrew, this word can refer to any child (not yet an adult) who has lost a parent.Fox (page 731). There are no verses that refer specifically to a child who has lost both parents.NIDOTTE (H3846). Many versions translate this word as fatherless, because it was the father who normally protected the legal rights of the children. In this context, the word refers to children who have inherited property from their dead father. Since they are not yet of legal age, they have no one to defend their property rights in court.Waltke (page 244), Fox (page 731).

In some languages, there may be a specific word that refers to children with no father. If not, you may use a more general word, such as “orphans.”

Some other ways to translate this command are:

or take over the fields of the fatherless (NET)

don’t take the land of defenseless orphans (NLT)

General Comment on 23:10a–b

In some languages, it may be helpful to reorder the parallel lines in order to clarify the relationship between them. For example:

Don’t steal the land of defenseless orphans by moving the ancient boundary markers (NLT96)

uW Translation Notes:

[23:10](../23/10.md)–[11](../23/11.md) is Saying 10 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

אַל־תַּ֭סֵּג גְּב֣וּל עוֹלָ֑ם

not move border ancient

See how you translated this clause in [22:28](../22/28.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׂדֵ֥י יְ֝תוֹמִ֗ים אַל־תָּבֹֽא

and,in_[the],fields_of fatherless not encroach

The connection with the previous clause indicates that the phrase enter into here refers to taking over or using the land that belongs to someone else. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “do not take over the fields of fatherless ones” or “do not encroach on the fields of fatherless ones”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

יְ֝תוֹמִ֗ים

fatherless

The phrase fatherless ones refers to children who have lost their fathers and so do not have anyone to protect them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “children without fathers to protect them”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

23:10-11 Saying 10: The wise avoid unfair business practices and illegitimate gains (see 22:28), knowing that the Lord will judge wrongdoing.
• Redeemer: The NLT is probably correct in capitalizing the word Redeemer and identifying him with God, although a human redeemer might be intended.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Do not
    2. Don't
    3. 515
    5. 395239
    6. S-Tn
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275660
    1. displace
    2. -
    3. 5499
    5. 395241
    6. V-Vhj2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275662
    1. a boundary of
    2. boundary
    3. 1310
    5. 395242
    6. O-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275663
    1. antiquity
    2. -
    3. 6106
    5. 395243
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275664
    1. and in +the fields of
    2. on fields
    3. 1987,846,8079
    5. 395244,395245,395246
    6. S-C,R,Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275665
    1. fatherless ones
    2. -
    3. 3325
    5. 395247
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275666
    1. do not
    2. -
    3. 515
    5. 395248
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275667
    1. go
    2. -
    3. 1274
    5. 395250
    6. V-Vqj2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275669

OET (OET-LV) Do_not displace a_boundary_of antiquity and_in_the_fields_of fatherless_ones do_not go.

OET (OET-RV) Don’t move an ancient boundary marker,
 ⇔ or encroach on the fields of those who are disadvantaged,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 23:10 ↑ → ► ║ ©