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OET interlinear PROV 23:22

◄ ← PROV 23:22 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. שְׁמַע
    2. 395400
    3. Listen
    4. Listen
    5. 8085
    6. V-Vqv2ms
    7. listen
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275779
    1. לְ,אָבִי,ךָ
    2. 395401,395402,395403
    3. to father of your
    4. father
    5. 1
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp2ms
    7. to,father_of,your
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275780
    1. זֶה
    2. 395404
    3. who
    4. -
    5. 2088
    6. S-Pdxms
    7. who
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275781
    1. יְלָדֶ,ךָ
    2. 395405,395406
    3. he begot you
    4. you
    5. 3205
    6. VO-Vqp3ms,Sp2ms
    7. he,begot_you
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275782
    1. וְ,אַל
    2. 395407,395408
    3. and do not
    4. don't
    5. 408
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and,do_not
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275783
    2. 395409
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275784
    1. תָּבוּז
    2. 395410
    3. despise
    4. despise
    5. 936
    6. V-Vqj2ms
    7. despise
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275785
    1. כִּי
    2. 395411
    3. if/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275786
    2. 395412
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275787
    1. זָקְנָה
    2. 395413
    3. she is old
    4. she
    5. 2204
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    7. she_is_old
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275788
    1. אִמֶּֽ,ךָ
    2. 395414,395415
    3. mother of your
    4. mother
    5. 517
    6. S-Ncfsc,Sp2ms
    7. mother_of,your
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275789
    2. 395416
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 275790

OET (OET-LV) Listen to_father_of_your who he_begot_you and_do_not despise if/because mother_of_your she_is_old.

OET (OET-RV) Listen to what your father tells you,
 ⇔ and don’t despise your mother when she gets old.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 22:17–24:22: Here are thirty sayings of wise people

This section follows the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs (10:1–22:16). It differs in significant ways from this preceding section:These differences were summarized from a number of commentaries, including UBS (page 472), Waltke (2004, page 22), and Hubbard (page 351).

  1. The preceding section has mostly two-line proverbs that are one verse in length. This section has proverbs of a different form. They are sayings that range from one to seven verses. Most of the sayings are two or three verses in length. Each saying will be marked as a separate paragraph in the Notes.

  2. Many of the proverbs in the preceding section express a general principle. They are not addressed specifically to the readers. Most of the sayings here contain direct commands. They advise the reader or listener either to follow wise behavior or avoid foolish behavior. Most of the sayings also give a reason or motive for following the command.

  3. As in chapters 1–9, the author addresses his reader or listener as a father who advises his son. He uses second person commands and pronouns (you(sing)). See the note on 23:15 for a list of verses where the words “my son” occur.

Some other headings for this section are:

Thirty Wise Sayings (CEV)

Words of the Wise (ESV)

Thirty Sayings of the Wise (NIV11)

Verse 22:20 mentions “thirty sayings,” but the Hebrew text itself does not number the sayings. Some versions that use the word “thirty” in the section heading also give a number as a separate heading for each saying. The GNT and CEV start numbering the sayings at 22:22. They have a total of thirty-one paragraphs. In these versions, the first paragraph (22:17–21) serves as an introduction to the thirty sayings (22:22–24:22).Scholars who identify 22:17–21 as the first saying include Hubbard (page 352), Fox (page 707), and Waltke (2004, page 22). Scholars who identify these verses as an introduction to the sayings that follow include Whybray (page 325) and Murphy (page 170). See also the NET footnote (b) on 22:16. Whether these introductory verses form the first saying or simply introduce the following sayings, all scholars agree that they function as an introduction to the whole section. Other versions, such as the NIV, NCV, and NLT, divide the paragraphs in the same way but do not have separate headings for each section. You may use either option in your translation.The NIV11 gives a number as a separate heading for each saying. But it counts the first paragraph as the first saying, and has a total of thirty paragraphs. Other versions have more or fewer paragraphs. For example, the ESV and NRSV have fifteen paragraphs. The NJB has thirty-four. Still other versions, such as the RSV, NET, and NJPS, do not group the verses into sayings or paragraphs.

For the convenience of those who decide to identify the number of each saying in their translation, the Notes will put the number in the paragraph headings, using the same numbering system as the GNT or CEV. These numbers will not be used in the Display.

Paragraph 23:22–25 Saying 16

In this saying, the father advises his son to pay attention to his father and mother (23:22). He should learn from them the truth that will make him wise (23:23). This will make them very happy (23:24–25).

The father’s role in giving birth to the son is mentioned twice. The mother’s role is mentioned once. This threefold mention strongly reminds the son that he owes his very life to both parents, so he should listen to them with respect.

23:22

In this verse, the underlined parallel commands and the parts in italics apply equally to both parents. The parts in italics imply that the son should continue to follow his parents’ wise advice throughout his life.Waltke (page 258–259) identifies these two phrases as a figure of speech (merism) that “spans the entire life of both parents in relationship to their son, from his birth to their old age.”

22a Listen to your father who gave you life,

22band do not despise your mother when she is old.

Compare the similar commands in 1:8 and 6:20. In both these verses, the commands specify the parents’ instruction, teaching, etc. Here the son is simply told to listen to the father and mother. What he will learn from them is made explicit in 23:23.

23:22a

Listen to your father who gave you life,

Listen to your father: In Hebrew, the command Listen means “pay attention.” It implies that the son should heed what the father says.

The speaker himself is the father who is referred to here. In some languages, it is not natural for a speaker to refer to himself in third person as your father. In such languages, it may be necessary to make explicit that the father is the one who is speaking. For example:

Listen to me. I am your father

who gave you life: The verb that the BSB translates as who gave you life is literally “he begot you.” In Hebrew, the same verb is used in 23:25b to describe the mother’s role in giving birth to the son. Some languages may have a specific word that refers to the father’s role. For example:

begot (NASB)

sired

Consider whether a term like this is appropriate in this context. Several English versions have used the same phrase as the BSB. Some other ways to translate this idea are:

without him you would not exist (GNT)

since you are his son (GW)

23:22a–b

(combined/reordered)

23:22b

and do not despise your mother when she is old.

and do not despise your mother when she is old: The word that the BSB translates here as despise means to show contempt, belittle, or consider of little value. This word could refer to a scornful opinion about someone else. But here, it is parallel with 23:22a. So it probably implies that the son should not show contempt for his mother as she gets older.The Hebrew word ki that introduces this clause often introduces a reason. The GW and Murphy (page 173) translate it as “because she is old.” However, most versions and commentaries understand ki in a temporal sense here to refer to the time when the mother (and father) get old. He should not ignore or reject what she taught him.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

and don’t neglect your mother when she grows old (CEV)

and don’t scorn your mother when she is old by ignoring what she tells you

General Comment on 23:22a–b

The parallel parts in this verse refer to both the father and mother. In some languages, combining or reordering the parallel lines may make the meaning clearer. See 23:22a–b (combined/reordered) in the Display.

uW Translation Notes:

[23:22](../23/22.md)–[25](../23/25.md) is Saying 16 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

23:22-25 Saying 16: This saying is an exhortation to pursue the wisdom that a godly father and mother provide. Unlike other ancient Near East wisdom texts, Proverbs attributes wisdom to both father and mother (1:8; 6:20).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. Listen
    2. Listen
    3. 7841
    5. 395400
    6. V-Vqv2ms
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275779
    1. to father of your
    2. father
    3. 3705,613,1978
    5. 395401,395402,395403
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275780
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 2066
    5. 395404
    6. S-Pdxms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275781
    1. he begot you
    2. you
    3. 3233,1978
    5. 395405,395406
    6. VO-Vqp3ms,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275782
    1. and do not
    2. don't
    3. 1987,515
    5. 395407,395408
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275783
    1. despise
    2. despise
    3. 1280
    5. 395410
    6. V-Vqj2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275785
    1. if/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 395411
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275786
    1. mother of your
    2. mother
    3. 334,1978
    5. 395414,395415
    6. S-Ncfsc,Sp2ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275789
    1. she is old
    2. she
    3. 2133
    5. 395413
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 275788

OET (OET-LV) Listen to_father_of_your who he_begot_you and_do_not despise if/because mother_of_your she_is_old.

OET (OET-RV) Listen to what your father tells you,
 ⇔ and don’t despise your mother when she gets old.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 23:22 ↑ → ► ║ ©