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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clearImportance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV)Then they led Yeshua out from Caiaphas’ place and towards the residence of the governor. It was now the early hours of the morning and as Jews, they didn’t enter the residence of the Roman governor so they wouldn’t become defiled and thus unable to eat the Passover meal.
Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, red:negative.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
ULTThen they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the governor’s palace. (Now it was early in the morning, and they did not enter into the governor’s palace so that they would not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.)
USTThe Jewish leaders then brought Jesus from Caiaphas’ house to the headquarters of Pilate, the Roman governor. (It was early morning. The Jewish leaders did not enter Pilate’s headquarters because Pilate was not a Jew. If they entered a non-Jew’s home, they thought they would defile themselves and be unable to eat the Passover celebration meal.)
BSB § Then they led Jesus away from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. By now it was early morning, and the Jews did not enter the Praetorium, to avoid being defiled and unable to eat the Passover.
BLBThen they are leading Jesus from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. Now it was early, and they did not enter into the Praetorium, so that they should not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.
AICNTSo they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the governor's headquarters; it was early morning. They themselves did not enter the headquarters, so that they would not be defiled but could eat the Passover.
OEB ¶ From Caiaphas they took Jesus to the Government house. It was early in the morning. But they did not enter the Government house themselves, otherwise they might become defiled, and so be unable to eat the Passover.
WEBBEThey led Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn’t enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.
WMBBThey led Yeshua therefore from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn’t enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.
NETThen they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the Roman governor’s residence. (Now it was very early morning.) They did not go into the governor’s residence so they would not be ceremonially defiled, but could eat the Passover meal.
LSVThey led, therefore, Jesus from Caiaphas into the Praetorium, and it was early, and they themselves did not enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but that they might eat the Passover;
FBVEarly in the morning they took Jesus from Caiaphas to the palace of the Roman governor. The Jewish leaders[fn] didn't enter the palace because if they did they would be ceremonially defiled, and they wanted to be able to eat the Passover meal.
TCNTThen the Jews led Jesus away from Caiaphas to the governor's headquarters. It was now early in the morning. They themselves did not go into the governor's headquarters so that they would not be defiled, but could eat the Passover.
T4TThen the Jewish leaders[SYN] led Jesus from the home of Caiaphas to the headquarters of Pilate, the Roman governor. It was before dawn. Pilate was a non-Jew, and they thought that if they entered his headquarters, they would become unacceptable to God {God would reject them}, and as a result they would not be able to eat the food during the Passover celebration. Because of that, they did not want to enter Pilate’s headquarters.
LEBThen they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the governor’s residence. Now it was early, and they did not enter into the governor’s residence so that they would not be defiled, but could eat the Passover.
BBESo they took Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the Praetorium. It was early. They themselves did not go into the Praetorium, so that they might not become unclean, but might take the Passover.
WymthSo they brought Jesus from Caiaphas's house to the Praetorium. It was the early morning, and they would not enter the Praetorium themselves for fear of defilement, and in order that they might be able to eat the Passover.
ASVThey lead Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the Prætorium: and it was early; and they themselves entered not into the Prætorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the passover.
DRAThen they led Jesus from Caiphas to the governor’s hall. And it was morning; and they went not into the hall, that they might not be defiled, but that they might eat the pasch.
YLTThey led, therefore, Jesus from Caiaphas to the praetorium, and it was early, and they themselves did not enter into the praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but that they might eat the passover;
DrbyThey lead therefore Jesus from Caiaphas to the praetorium; and it was early morn. And they entered not into the praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but eat the passover.
RVThey lead Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the palace: and it was early; and they themselves entered not into the palace, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the passover.
WbstrThen they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment-hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
KJB-1769¶ Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover. (¶ Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgement: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgement hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover. )
KJB-1611¶ [fn][fn][fn]Then led they Iesus from Caiaphas vnto the hall of Iudgement: And it was earely, and they themselues went not into the Iudgement hall, lest they should be defiled: but that they might eat the Passeouer. (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation and footnotes)
BshpsThen led they Iesus fro Caiaphas into the hall of iudgement. It was in the mornyng: And they them selues went not into the iudgement hall, leste they shoulde be defyled: but that they myght eate the Passouer. (Then led they Yesus/Yeshua from Caiaphas into the hall of judgement. It was in the morning: And they themselves went not into the judgement hall, leste they should be defyled: but that they might eat the Passover.)
GnvaThen led they Iesus from Caiaphas into the common hall. Nowe it was morning, and they themselues went not into the common hall, least they should be defiled, but that they might eate the Passeouer. (Then led they Yesus/Yeshua from Caiaphas into the common hall. Now it was morning, and they themselves went not into the common hall, least they should be defiled, but that they might eat the Passover. )
CvdlThen led they Iesus from Caiphas in to the comon hall. And it was early in the mornynge. And they them selues wete not in to the como hall, lest they shulde be defyled, but yt they might eate ye Pascall lambe. (Then led they Yesus/Yeshua from Caiphas in to the comon hall. And it was early in the morning. And they themselves went not in to the como hall, lest they should be defyled, but it they might eat ye/you_all Pascall lambe.)
TNTPeter denyed it agayne: and immediatly the cocke crewe. (Peter denied it again: and immediately the cocke crewe. )
WyclThanne thei ledden Jhesu to Cayfas, in to the moot halle; and it was eerli, and thei entriden not in to the moot halle, that thei schulden not be defoulid, but that thei schulden ete pask. (Then they ledden Yhesu to Cayfas, in to the moot halle; and it was early, and they entered not in to the moot halle, that they should not be defoulid, but that they should eat pask.)
LuthDa führeten sie JEsum von Kaiphas vor das Richthaus. Und es war früh. Und sie gingen nicht in das Richthaus, auf daß sie nicht unrein würden, sondern Ostern essen möchten. (So led they/she/them YEsum from Kaiphas before/in_front_of the Richthaus. And it what/which früh. And they/she/them went not in the Richthaus, on that they/she/them not unclean würden, rather Ostern eat möchten.)
ClVgAdducunt ergo Jesum a Caipha in prætorium. Erat autem mane: et ipsi non introierunt in prætorium, ut non contaminarentur, sed ut manducarent Pascha.[fn] (Adducunt therefore Yesum from Caipha in prætorium. Erat however mane: and ipsi not/no introierunt in prætorium, as not/no contaminarentur, but as manducarent Pascha. )
18.28In prætorium. Id est, ubi præses Pilatus habitabat. Sed si ad Caipham, quomodo in prætorium? forsitan, aliqua causa urgente, de domo Annæ ad audiendum Jesum ambo convenerant. Caiphas perrexit ad prætorium præsidis, et socero suo Jesum reliquit ad audiendum; vel in domo Caiphæ Pilatus acceperat prætorium, et tanta erat domus, ut seorsum habitaret dominus, seorsum Pilatus. Ut non contaminarentur. Quia diebus azymorum, contaminatio erat illis in alienigenæ habitaculum intrare.
18.28In prætorium. That it_is, where præses Pilatus he_lived. But when/but_if to Caipham, how in prætorium? forsitan, aliqua causa urgente, about at_home Annæ to audiendum Yesum ambo convenerant. Caiphas perrexit to prætorium præsidis, and socero his_own Yesum reliquit to audiendum; or in at_home Caiphæ Pilatus acceperat prætorium, and tanta was domus, as seorsum to_livet dominus, seorsum Pilatus. Ut not/no contaminarentur. Because days azymorum, contaminatio was illis in alienigenæ habitaculum intrare.
UGNTἄγουσιν οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καϊάφα εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον; ἦν δὲ πρωΐ. καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, ἵνα μὴ μιανθῶσιν, ἀλλὰ φάγωσιν τὸ Πάσχα. (agousin oun ton Yaʸsoun apo tou Kaiafa eis to praitōrion; aʸn de prōi. kai autoi ouk eisaʸlthon eis to praitōrion, hina maʸ mianthōsin, alla fagōsin to Pasⱪa.)
SBL-GNTἌγουσιν οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καϊάφα εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον· ἦν δὲ πρωΐ· καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, ἵνα μὴ μιανθῶσιν ⸀ἀλλὰ φάγωσιν τὸ πάσχα. (Agousin oun ton Yaʸsoun apo tou Kaiafa eis to praitōrion; aʸn de prōi; kai autoi ouk eisaʸlthon eis to praitōrion, hina maʸ mianthōsin ⸀alla fagōsin to pasⱪa.)
TC-GNTἌγουσιν οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καϊάφα εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον· ἦν δὲ [fn]πρωΐ, καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, ἵνα μὴ μιανθῶσιν, [fn]ἀλλ᾽ ἵνα φάγωσι τὸ Πάσχα. (Agousin oun ton Yaʸsoun apo tou Kaiafa eis to praitōrion; aʸn de prōi, kai autoi ouk eisaʸlthon eis to praitōrion, hina maʸ mianthōsin, all hina fagōsi to Pasⱪa. )
18:28 The trial before Caiaphas ended in the early hours of the morning. Since they did not have the power of capital punishment (18:31), the Sanhedrin needed to enlist Pilate, the Roman governor, to carry out an execution. • it would defile them: They did not want to become ritually unclean by contact with Gentiles in Pilate’s headquarters. So Pilate, probably fearing a riot, went outside to meet them. • The Passover meal itself had occurred the night before (see 13:1; Mark 14:14-16). The following day, another meal began the weeklong Festival of Unleavened Bread (Lev 23:5-6).
Here John changes topics from describing what Peter was doing to describing what was happening to Jesus. In the next section, Jesus’ accusers bring him to Caiaphas to be questioned by him.
Here, they refers to the Jewish leaders and temple guards who were accusing Jesus. If it would be more natural in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [the Jewish authorities and their guards led]
˱they˲_/are/_leading therefore ¬the Jesus from ¬the Caiaphas
Here John implies that they are leading Jesus away from Caiaphas’ house. If it would be more natural in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [Then they led Jesus from Caiaphas’ house]
The governor’s palace refers to the headquarters of the Roman governor. The next verse indicates that the Roman governor’s name was Pilate. If this would confuse your readers, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [to the house of the Roman governor, Pilate]
˱it˲_was and early and they not came_in into the praetorium in_order_that not ˱they˲_/may_be/_defiled but ˱they˲_/may/_eat the Passover
In this sentence John interrupts the main storyline in order to provide some background information about why the Jewish people with Jesus did not enter the governor’s palace. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
they not came_in into the praetorium in_order_that not ˱they˲_/may_be/_defiled but ˱they˲_/may/_eat the Passover
If this double negative would be misunderstood in your language, you could translate it as a positive statement. Alternate translation: [they remained outside the governor’s palace so that they would remain ceremonially clean, and might eat the Passover]
they not came_in into the praetorium in_order_that not ˱they˲_/may_be/_defiled but ˱they˲_/may/_eat the Passover
Pilate, the Roman governor, was not a Jew. The Jewish leaders believed that they would become ceremonially unclean if they entered the house of someone who was not a Jew. If they became ceremonially unclean, then they would not be allowed to celebrate the Passover festival. Therefore, the Jewish leaders did not enter the governor’s palace. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain this in the simplest way possible. Alternate translation: [they themselves did not enter into the governor’s palace because the governor was a Gentile. They believed that entering a Gentile’s home would defile them, so that they would not be allowed to eat the Passover.]
John is using the name of this part of the festival, Passover, to refer to the meal that people shared on that occasion. If your readers might not understand this, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the Passover meal]
On the Thursday before he was crucified, Jesus had arranged to share the Passover meal with his disciples in an upper room, traditionally thought to be located in the Essene Quarter of Jerusalem. After they finished the meal, they went to the Garden of Gethsemane, where Jesus often met with his disciples. There Judas Iscariot, one of Jesus’ own disciples, betrayed him to soldiers sent from the High Priest, and they took Jesus to the High Priest’s residence. In the morning the leading priests and teachers of the law put Jesus on trial and found him guilty of blasphemy. The council sent Jesus to stand trial for treason before the Roman governor Pontius Pilate, who resided at the Praetorium while in Jerusalem. The Praetorium was likely located at the former residence of Herod the Great, who had died over 30 years earlier. When Pilate learned that Jesus was from Galilee, he sent him to Herod Antipas, who had jurisdiction over Galilee. But when Jesus gave no answer to Herod’s many questions, Herod and his soldiers sent him back to Pilate, who conceded to the people’s demands that Jesus be crucified. Jesus was forced to carry his cross out of the city gate to Golgotha, meaning Skull Hill, referring to what may have been a small unquarried hill in the middle of an old quarry just outside the gate. After Jesus was unable to carry his cross any further, a man named Simon from Cyrene was forced to carry it for him. There at Golgotha they crucified Jesus. After Jesus died, his body was hurriedly taken down before nightfall and placed in a newly cut, rock tomb owned by Joseph of Arimathea, a member of the Jewish high council. This tomb was likely located at the perimeter of the old quarry.
