DEU 19:6 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Ἵνα μὴ διώξας ὁ ἀγχιστεύων τοῦ αἵματος ὀπίσω τοῦ φονεύσαντος, ὅτι παρατεθέρμανται τῇ καρδίᾳ, καὶ καταλάβῃ αὐτὸν, ἐὰν μακροτέρα ἠ· ἡ ὁδὸς, καὶ πατάξῃ αὐτοῦ ψυχήν· καὶ τούτῳ οὐκ ἔστι κρίσις θανάτου, ὅτι οὐ μισῶν ἦν αὐτὸν πρὸ τῆς χθὲς, οὐδὲ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης.
(Hina maʸ diōxas ho agⱪisteuōn tou haimatos opisō tou foneusantos, hoti paratethermantai taʸ kardia, kai katalabaʸ auton, ean makrotera aʸ; haʸ hodos, kai pataxaʸ autou psuⱪaʸn; kai toutōi ouk esti krisis thanatou, hoti ou misōn aʸn auton pro taʸs ⱪthes, oude pro taʸs tritaʸs. )

BrTr Lest the avenger of blood pursue after the slayer, because his heart is hot, and overtake him, if the way be too long, and [fn]slay him, though there is to this man no sentence of death, because he hated him not in time past.

ULT Lest the avenger of blood pursues after the killer when his heart is heated and overtakes him, because the way is long, and he strikes him, a life, and he did not have a judgment of death, for he had not hated him from previous times.

UST Because he accidentally killed someone, and because the man was not his enemy, he can try to run to one of those cities. If there were only one city, it may be a long distance to that city. Then if the relative of the man who was killed to get revenge, is very angry, he may be able to catch the other person before he arrives at that city.

BSB § Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm.

OEB No OEB DEU book available

WEBBE Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the man slayer while hot anger is in his heart and overtake him, because the way is long, and strike him mortally, even though he was not worthy of death, because he didn’t hate him in time past.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Otherwise the blood avenger will chase after the killer in the heat of his anger, eventually overtake him, and kill him, though this is not a capital case since he did not hate him at the time of the accident.

LSV lest the redeemer of blood pursue after the manslayer when his heart is hot and has overtaken him, because the way is great, and has struck his life, and he has no sentence of death, for he is not hating him before;

FBV Otherwise the avenger[fn] in his anger might chase after the man and catch up with him and kill him, if it's a long distance. The man would be killed even though he didn't deserve to die, because he hadn't meant to cause any harm.

19:6 See Numbers 35:19.

T4T Because he accidentally killed someone, and because the man was not his enemy, he can try to run to one of those cities. If there were only one city, it may be a long distance to that city. Then if the relative of the man who was killed [MTY], the man who is supposed/expected to get revenge, is very angry, he may be able to catch the other person before he arrives at that city.

LEB He does this lest the avenger of blood might pursue after the killer, because he is hot with anger[fn] and he overtakes him, because it is a long distance to the city of refuge, and so he kills him,[fn] but he did not deserve a death sentence,[fn] because he was not hating him before.[fn]

19:6 Literally “is hot his heart”

19:6 Literally “he strikes him down as to his life/soul”

19:6 Literally “for him there was not a judgment of death”

19:6 Literally “from yesterday and the day before”

BBE For if not, he who has the right of punishment may go running after the taker of life in the heat of his wrath, and overtake him because the way is long, and give him a death-blow; though it is not right for him to be put to death because he was not moved by hate.

Moff No Moff DEU book available

JPS lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not deserving of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.

ASV lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.

DRA Lest perhaps the next kinsman of him whose blood was shed, pushed on by his grief should pursue, and apprehend him. if the way be too long, and take away the life of him who is not guilty of death, because he is proved to have had no hatred before against him that was slain.

YLT lest the redeemer of blood pursue after the man-slayer when his heart is hot, and hath overtaken him (because the way is great), and hath smitten him — the life, and he hath no sentence of death, for he is not hating him heretofore;

Drby lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not worthy of death, since he hated him not previously.

RV lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.

Wbstr Lest the avenger of blood shall pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.

KJB-1769 Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.[fn][fn]

19.6 slay…: Heb. smite him in life

19.6 in…: Heb. from yesterday the third day

KJB-1611 [fn][fn]Lest the auenger of the blood pursue the slaier, while his heart is hot, and ouertake him, because the way is long, and slay him, whereas he was not worthy of death, in as much as hee hated him not in time past.
(Lest the auenger of the blood pursue the slaier, while his heart is hot, and ouertake him, because the way is long, and slay him, whereas he was not worthy of death, in as much as he hated him not in time past.)

19:6 Heb. smite him in life.

19:6 Heb. from yesterday, third day.

Bshps Lest the auenger of the blood folowe after the slayer whyle his heart is hot, & ouertake hym because the wayes is long, and slay hym, and yet there is no cause worthy of death in hym, in as much as he hated hym not in tyme passed.
(Lest the auenger of the blood follow after the slayer while his heart is hot, and ouertake him because the ways is long, and slay him, and yet there is no cause worthy of death in him, in as much as he hated him not in time passed.)

Gnva Least the auenger of the blood follow after the manslayer, while his heart is chafed, and ouertake him, because the way is long, and slaie him, although he be not worthy of death, because he hated him not in time passed.

Cvdl lest the auenger of bloude folowe after the deedsleyer, whyle his hert is whote, and ouertake him, whyle the waye is so farre, and slaye him, where as yet no cause of death is in hi, for so moch as he hated him not in tyme passed.
(lest the auenger of blood follow after the deadsleyer, while his heart is whote, and ouertake him, while the way is so farre, and slay/kill him, where as yet no cause of death is in hi, for so much as he hated him not in time passed.)

Wycl lest perauenture the next kynesman of hym, whos blood is sched out, be prickid with sorewe, and `pursue, and take hym, if the weie is lengere, and smyte `the lijf of hym which is not gilti of deeth; for it is schewid that he hadde not ony hatered bifore ayens hym that is slayn.
(lest peradventure/perhaps the next kinsman of him, whos blood is sched out, be prickid with sorewe, and `pursue, and take him, if the way is lengere, and smite `the life of him which is not gilti of death; for it is showed that he had not any hatered before against him that is slayn.)

Luth auf daß nicht der Bluträcher dem Totschläger nachjage, weil sein Herz erhitzt ist, und ergreife ihn, weil der Weg so ferne ist, und schlage ihm seine SeeLE, so doch kein Urteil des Todes an ihm ist, weil er keinen Haß vorhin zu ihm getragen hat.
(auf that not the/of_the bloodrächer to_him Totschläger nachjage, because his heart erhitzt is, and ergreife him/it, because the/of_the path so ferne is, and hit/beat him his SeeLE, so though/but kein Urteil the Todes at him is, because he none Haß vorhin to him getragen has.)

ClVg ne forsitan proximus ejus, cujus effusus est sanguis, dolore stimulatus, persequatur, et apprehendat eum si longior via fuerit, et percutiat animam ejus, qui non est reus mortis: quia nullum contra eum, qui occisus est, odium prius habuisse monstratur.
(ne forsitan proximus his, cuyus effusus it_is sanguis, dolore stimulatus, persequatur, and apprehendat him when/but_if longior road has_been, and percutiat animam his, who not/no it_is guilty mortis: because nullum on_the_contrary him, who occisus it_is, odium first/before habuisse monstratur. )

TTN Tyndale Theme Notes:

The Cities of Refuge

The cities of refuge were built to protect innocent people from blood revenge. An avenger had the legal right to put a murderer to death (Num 35:19; see Gen 9:6). If a person caused someone’s death accidentally, the slayer fled to a city of refuge to find temporary safety while awaiting trial (Num 35:22-28). The six cities of refuge were distributed across Hebrew territory so that any Israelite could seek asylum.

If, after trial, the fugitive was convicted of murder (instead of involuntary manslaughter), he was turned over to the avenger and received his due punishment (Deut 19:12). If he was found innocent of murder, the slayer remained in the city of refuge, where he was granted asylum. When the high priest died, the slayer was free to return home and was no longer subject to blood revenge. This merciful legal arrangement protected the land from further pollution by innocent blood (see Num 35:33).

It was not acceptable to pay a fine to atone for the death of another human being, even if that death was not premeditated (Num 35:31-33). Human life was too precious to be ransomed with a simple payment. When a human being was killed, whether deliberately or by accident, it resulted in alienation or exile.

Atonement does not come easily, whether in ancient Israelite times or in our own day; each person is in need of atonement to restore their relationship with God (see Rom 3:23-26). Jesus, the Son of God, provides this reconciliation through his work as the Great High Priest who offered himself as the ultimate sacrifice (see Heb 4:14–10:18).

Passages for Further Study

Num 35:6-34; Deut 19:1-13; Josh 20:1-9; 21:13, 21, 27, 32, 38; 1 Kgs 1:50-53; 2:28-34

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / hypo

פֶּן

lest

Moses is using the word lest to introduce a hypothetical condition as a warning for a negative consequence. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “In case”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

יִרְדֹּף֩ גֹּאֵ֨ל הַ⁠דָּ֜ם אַחֲרֵ֣י הָ⁠רֹצֵ֗חַ כִּי־יֵחַם֮ לְבָב⁠וֹ֒ וְ⁠הִשִּׂיג֛⁠וֹ כִּֽי־יִרְבֶּ֥ה הַ⁠דֶּ֖רֶךְ

pursue avenger the,blood after the,manslayer that/for/because/then/when he_is_enraged heart_of,his and,overtake,him that/for/because/then/when long the,distance

The implication is that, if there are no roads to the cities of refuge, it will be difficult for a manslayer to travel to a safe city. Then, the avenger of blood might overtake the killer before the killer arrives at the city. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers, as modeled by the UST.

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

לְבָב⁠וֹ֒ & וְ⁠הִכָּ֣ה⁠וּ

heart_of,his & and,strike,him

The pronouns his and he refer to “the avenger of blood.” If this is not clear for your readers, you could repeat the phrase. Alternate translation: “the heart of the avenger … and the avenger strikes him”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

יֵחַם֮ לְבָב⁠וֹ֒

he_is_enraged heart_of,his

Here, heart refers to a person’s inner being and emotions. In this case, the desire is to fear Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his emotions intensify”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

יֵחַם֮

he_is_enraged

Here, heated means “become angry.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “has become angry”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠הִכָּ֣ה⁠וּ נָ֑פֶשׁ

and,strike,him soul

The implication is that the avenger of blood murders the killer. He harmed the killer to the point of taking his life. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he kills him”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠הִכָּ֣ה⁠וּ

and,strike,him

Here, strike means “injure” or “harm.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and he injures him”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠ל⁠וֹ֙ אֵ֣ין מִשְׁפַּט־מָ֔וֶת כִּ֠י לֹ֣א שֹׂנֵ֥א ה֛וּא ל֖⁠וֹ מִ⁠תְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם

and=to/for=him/it not deserve death that/for/because/then/when not hated he/it to=him/it on,yesterday before

The implication is that a killer who killed accidentally does not deserve execution. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “though that man did not deserve to die since he unintentionally killed the other person and was not his enemy, and he had not planned to hurt the man”

Parallel DEU 19:6