LUKE 21:24 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT And they will fall by the mouth of the sword, and they will be led captive into all the nations, and Jerusalem will be trampled by the nations until the times of the nations are fulfilled.

UST Many of them will die because soldiers will kill them with their weapons. Their enemies will take others as prisoners and send them to many places around the world. The Gentiles will control the city of Jerusalem for as long as God allows.”

BSB They will fall by [the] edge of [the] sword and be led captive into all the nations. And Jerusalem will be trodden down by [the] Gentiles, until [the] times of [the] Gentiles are fulfilled.

MSB They will fall by [the] edge of [the] sword and be led captive into all the nations. And Jerusalem will be trodden down by [the] Gentiles, until [the] times of [the] Gentiles are fulfilled.

BLB And they will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations; and Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

AICNT “They will fall by the edge of the sword and be taken away as captives among all nations; and Jerusalem will be trampled on by the Gentiles, until the times [of the Gentiles][fn] are fulfilled.

21:24, of the Gentiles: Absent from D(05).

OEB They will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be taken prisoners to every land, and Jerusalem will be under the heel of the Gentiles, until their day is over – as it will be.

WEBBE They will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations. Jerusalem will be trampled down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET They will fall by the edge of the sword and be led away as captives among all nations. Jerusalem will be trampled down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

LSV and they will fall by the mouth of the sword, and will be led captive to all the nations, and Jerusalem will be trodden down by nations, until the times of nations be fulfilled.

FBV They will be killed by the sword and taken away as prisoners to all the nations. Jerusalem will be trodden down by the foreign nations until their time is fulfilled.

TCNT They will fall by the edge of the sword and be led captive into all the nations, and Jerusalem will be trampled by the Gentiles until [fn]the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

21:24 the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled ¦ they are fulfilled, and the times of the Gentiles will come WH

T4T Many of them will be killed {Their enemies will kill many of them} with swords. Others will be captured and taken {They will capture others and take them} to [HYP] other countries. Non-Jewish people will trample over Jerusalem until the time that God has determined for them to rule the city is ended.”

LEB and they will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations,[fn] and Jerusalem will be trampled down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

21:24 The same Greek word, occurring three times in this verse, can be translated “nations” or “Gentiles” depending on the context

BBE And they will be put to death with the sword, and will be taken as prisoners into all the nations; and Jerusalem will be crushed under the feet of the Gentiles, till the times of the Gentiles are complete.

Moff they will fall by the edge of the sword, they will be carried prisoners to all nations, and Jerusalem will be under the heel of the Gentiles till the period of the Gentiles expires.

Wymth They will fall by the sword, or be carried off into slavery among all the Gentiles. And Jerusalem will be trampled under foot by the Gentiles, till the appointed times of the Gentiles have expired.

ASV And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led captive into all the nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.

DRA And they shall fall by the edge of the sword; and shall be led away captives into all nations; and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by the Gentiles; till the times of the nations be fulfilled.

YLT and they shall fall by the mouth of the sword, and shall be led captive to all the nations, and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by nations, till the times of nations be fulfilled.

Drby And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and be led captive into all the nations; and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of [the] nations until [the] times of [the] nations be fulfilled.

RV And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led captive into all the nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.
(And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led captive into all the nations: and Yerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled. )

SLT And they shall fall by the mouth of the sword, and they shall be made captives in all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by all the nations, till the times of the nations should be completed.

Wbstr And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles shall be fulfilled.

KJB-1769 And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.
( And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Yerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled. )

KJB-1611 And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall bee led away captiue into all nations, and Hierusalem shall be troden downe of the Gentiles, vntill the times of the Gentiles bee fulfilled.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)

Bshps And they shall fall through the edge of the sworde, and shalbe led away captiue into all nations: And Hierusalem shalbe troden downe of the gentiles, vntyll the tyme of the gentiles be fulfylled.
(And they shall fall through the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: And Yerusalem shall be trodden down of the gentiles, until the time of the gentiles be fulfilled.)

Gnva And they shall fall on the edge of the sword, and shalbe led captiue into all nations, and Hierusalem shalbe troden vnder foote of the Gentiles, vntill the time of the Gentiles be fulfilled.
(And they shall fall on the edge of the sword, and shall be led captive into all nations, and Yerusalem shall be trodden under foot of the Gentiles, until the time of the Gentiles be fulfilled. )

Cvdl and they shal fall thorow the edge of the swerde, and be led captyue amoge all nacions. And Ierusale shalbe troden downe of the Heithen, vntyll the tyme of the Heithen be fulfilled.
(and they shall fall through the edge of the sword, and be led captive among all nations. And Yerusalem shall be trodden down of the Heathen, until the time of the Heathen be fulfilled.)

TNT And they shall fall on the edge of the swearde and shalbe leed captive into all nacions. And Ierusalem shalbe trooden vnder fote of the gentyls vntyll the tyme of the gentyls be fulfilled.
(And they shall fall on the edge of the sword and shall be leed captive into all nations. And Yerusalem shall be trooden under foot of the gentiles until the time of the gentiles be fulfilled. )

Wycl And thei schulen falle bi the scharpnesse of swerd, and thei schulen be led prisoneris in to alle folkis; and Jerusalem schal be defoulid of hethene men, til the tymes of naciouns be fulfillid.
(And they should fall by the scharpness of sword, and they should be led prisoners in to all folks/people; and Yerusalem shall be defiled of heathen men, till the times of nations be fulfilled.)

Luth Und sie werden fallen durch des Schwertes Schärfe und gefangen geführt unter alle Völker; und Jerusalem wird zertreten werden von den Heiden, bis daß der Heiden Zeit erfüllet wird.
(And they/she/them become fall/drop through the swordes Schärfe and caught led under all peoples; and Yerusalem becomes crushed/trampled become from the heathens, until that the/of_the heathens time/period fulfilled becomes.)

ClVg Et cadent in ore gladii, et captivi ducentur in omnes gentes, et Jerusalem calcabitur a gentibus, donec impleantur tempora nationum.[fn]
(And they_will_fall in/into/on vocally swords, and captivi will_be_led in/into/on everyone people/nations, and Yerusalem calcabitur from nations, until impleantur times of_nations. )

21.24 Donec impleantur, etc. Id est, Donec plenitudo gentium intraverit, et sic omnis Isræl salvus Rom. 11., et quasi ad solium propriæ nativitatis gavisurus redeat. Quid enim impletis temporibus nationum, et omni Isræl salvato sequatur, Dominus ex ordine ponit. Nam et hæc secundum Matthæum apostoli quæsierunt, non solum tempus evertendi templi, sed et signum adventus ejus, et consummationis sæculi.

21.24 Until impleantur, etc. That it_is, Until fullness nations entered, and so everyone Israel safe Rom. 11., and as_if to only propriæ birth gavisurus return. What because fillsis times of_nations, and all Israel saveto follow, Master from in_order puts. For/Surely and these_things after/second Matthæum apostles whichsierunt, not/no only time/season evertendi temple, but and sign/signal arrivals his, and of_completion of_the_world/of_the_ages.

UGNT καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρης, καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τὰ ἔθνη πάντα; καὶ Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν, ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ ἐθνῶν.
(kai pesountai stomati maⱪairaʸs, kai aiⱪmalōtisthaʸsontai eis ta ethnaʸ panta; kai Ierousalaʸm estai patoumenaʸ hupo ethnōn, aⱪri hou plaʸrōthōsin kairoi ethnōn.)

SBL-GNT καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρης καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς ⸂τὰ ἔθνη πάντα⸃, καὶ Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν, ἄχρι ⸀οὗ ⸀πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ ἐθνῶν.
(kai pesountai stomati maⱪairaʸs kai aiⱪmalōtisthaʸsontai eis ⸂ta ethnaʸ panta⸃, kai Ierousalaʸm estai patoumenaʸ hupo ethnōn, aⱪri ⸀hou ⸀plaʸrōthōsin kairoi ethnōn.)

RP-GNT Καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρας, καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη· καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν, ἄχρι πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ ἐθνῶν.
(Kai pesountai stomati maⱪairas, kai aiⱪmalōtisthaʸsontai eis panta ta ethnaʸ; kai Hierousalaʸm estai patoumenaʸ hupo ethnōn, aⱪri plaʸrōthōsin kairoi ethnōn.)

TC-GNT Καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι [fn]μαχαίρας, καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς [fn]πάντα τὰ ἔθνη· καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν, [fn]ἄχρι πληρωθῶσι [fn]καιροὶ ἐθνῶν.
(Kai pesountai stomati maⱪairas, kai aiⱪmalōtisthaʸsontai eis panta ta ethnaʸ; kai Hierousalaʸm estai patoumenaʸ hupo ethnōn, aⱪri plaʸrōthōsi kairoi ethnōn. )

21:24 μαχαιρας ¦ μαχαιρης NA SBL WH

21:24 παντα τα εθνη ¦ τα εθνη παντα CT

21:24 αχρι ¦ αχρις ου CT

21:24 καιροι ¦ και εσονται καιροι WH

Key for above GNTs: red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 21:5–38: Jesus taught about what would happen in the future

After the events of the preceding section, some of Jesus’ disciples were admiring the beautiful stones and gifts that people used to adorn the Temple. Jesus told them that one day the Temple would be completely destroyed. Enemies would attack Jerusalem and destroy the Temple.In A.D. 70, the Jews rebelled against the Romans, and the Roman destroyed the temple. Jesus also told them about other things that would happen in the future. He told them that after these things happened, he would return to earth in power and great glory. He warned his disciples to pray so that they would be able to endure the future troubles and be ready to meet him when he comes again.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it. Some examples of other headings are:

The Jerusalem temple would soon be destroyed

The destruction of the temple and the coming times of trouble

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 24:1–35 and Mark 13:1–31.

Paragraph 21:20–24

In this paragraph Jesus began a new topic. In 21:12–19 he had talked about the persecution that his disciples would endure before the end. In this paragraph Jesus talked about the future time when an army would attack the city of Jerusalem and destroy it.It is possible that this passage will have two fulfillments. The first application referred to the time when the Romans destroyed Jerusalem in 70 A.D. This happened about forty years after people had crucified Jesus. Many Christians think that Jerusalem will be attacked again in the last days of this age. This would be a second fulfillment of this prediction. Jesus warned his disciples to escape when they saw armies gathering around Jerusalem.

21:24a

They will fall by the edge of the sword

Some of them will be killed by soldiers with swords,
The enemy soldiers will kill many of them,

They will fall by the edge of the sword: The Greek clause that the BSB translates as They will fall by the edge of the sword is literally “and they will fall by the mouth of the sword.” This is a figure of speech that refers to people being killed in battle. Here it indicates that enemy soldiers would attack and kill many Jewish people. In many languages this figure of speech may not have the right meaning. If that is true in your language, some other ways to translate it are:

Translate the meaning without the figure of speech. You can translate the verb as either active or passive. For example:
They will be killed by the sword (NCV)
Soldiers will kill them
Use a different figure of speech with the same meaning. For example:
Swords will cut them down (GW)

Translate the meaning in a natural way in your language.

They: The pronoun They or “them” (CEV) refers here to many, but not all, of the Jewish people. In some languages it is necessary to make this explicit. For example:

Some of them will be killed by swords. (CEV)

by the edge of the sword: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as by the edge of the sword is literally “by the mouth of the sword.” This phrase is a figure of speech that refers to the “sharp edge” or “point” of a sword. Enemy soldiers would fight and kill many Jews with swords and other weapons.

sword: The Greek word that the BSB translates as sword was the main weapon that soldiers used during the first century. Roman swords were large straight metal knives with two sharp edges.

21:24b

and be led captive into all the nations.

and others will be captured and taken away to many foreign countries/nations.
and they will take others as prisoners, dispersing them throughout the other nations.

and be led captive into all the nations: This clause tells something that will happen to many other Jews, who will not be killed. In some languages it may be helpful to make this explicit. For example:

and many others will be taken as prisoners to many foreign countries

Since 21:24a and 21:24b are alternatives, both events could not happen to the same people. It some languages, it is more natural to use a conjunction like “or” instead of and. For example:

or will be led away captive all over the world

be led captive: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as be led captive is literally “they will be led captive.” This verb is passive. It implies that many Jews will be captured and taken from their homeland to other places as prisoners.

In some languages it may be more natural to use an active verb and supply a subject. For example:

and/or the soldiers will capture them and lead them to many distant lands

all the nations: The phrase all the nations refers to many other countries. However, it does not literally refer to every country in the world. In some languages it may be helpful to translate this as:

into many different/foreign countries

21:24c

And Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles,

Gentiles will trample/tread on Jerusalem
The non-Jewish nations/peoples will rampage through the city of Jerusalem
The Gentile nations will conquer Jerusalem and oppress its people

And Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles: In this context the Greek verb that the BSB translates as will be trodden down refers to “walking or treading heavily with the feet.” It implies an intent to damage what is walked on. Here the phrase is used in a figurative way. It implies that the Gentiles/nations who conquer Jerusalem will walk the streets of the city, treating it and its people with contempt.

The clause Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles is passive. In many languages it may be necessary to translate it as an active clause. For example:

The Gentiles will trample Jerusalem

The Gentile nations will tread/tramp abusively through the city

Gentiles: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Gentiles means “nations.” Here it obviously refers to other nations that do not include the Jewish nation (Israel). Other ways to translate it are:

Nations (GW)

non-Jewish people (NCV)

21:24d

until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.

until their times are completed.
until the time that God has allotted/given to these nations/peoples end.
until the time/age of their power/rule is completed.

until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the times of the Gentiles refers to the period of time that God has allotted/given to the Gentile nations. This context probably implies that it is the period of time when God will allow them to control Jerusalem.Marshall (p. 773) says, “The period is one of gentile domination of the city, but a limit is set to it, namely the fulfillment of an allotted time, here called the times of the nations.” However, Green (p. 739) believes that a more general domination is in view. He says, “In this case, ‘the times of the Gentiles’ would mark a temporary season in which the Gentiles would occupy center stage in God’s purpose, after which the spotlight would return to Jerusalem.” Other ways to translate this are:

until their time is over (NCV)

until the times allowed for the nations to do this are over (GW)

until the time that God has given/allotted to the nations is completed

are fulfilled: The Greek word that the BSB translates as are fulfilled means “have come to an end” or “have been completed.” This word implies that some purpose has been fulfilled.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

πεσοῦνται

˱they˲_˓will_be˒_falling

Here, fall means to die by association with the way that people who die fall to the ground. Alternate translation: [they will die]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

στόματι μαχαίρης

˱by˲_˓the˒_edge (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαιρᾶς καί αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τά ἔθνη παντᾶ καί Ἰερουσαλήμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπό ἐθνῶν ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροί ἐθνῶν)

Here, the term mouth may be a figurative way of saying “edge” or “end,” by analogy to the way that the mouth of an animal is typically at one end of the animal. Alternate translation: [by the edge of the sword] or [when soldiers kill them with their swords]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

στόματι μαχαίρης

This phrase could also be depicting the sword as a devouring monster. Alternate translation: [as if swords were eating them up]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

μαχαίρης

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαιρᾶς καί αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τά ἔθνη παντᾶ καί Ἰερουσαλήμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπό ἐθνῶν ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροί ἐθνῶν)

The word sword represents swords in general, not one particular sword. Alternate translation: [of the swords]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

μαχαίρης

Jesus may be using one kind of weapon, the sword, to represent all weapons. Alternate translation: [of the weapons]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τὰ ἔθνη πάντα

˱they˲_˓will_be_being˒_made_captive into (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαιρᾶς καί αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τά ἔθνη παντᾶ καί Ἰερουσαλήμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπό ἐθνῶν ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροί ἐθνῶν)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form, and you could state who will do the action. Alternate translation: [their enemies will capture them and take them away into other countries]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

εἰς τὰ ἔθνη πάντα

into (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαιρᾶς καί αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τά ἔθνη παντᾶ καί Ἰερουσαλήμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπό ἐθνῶν ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροί ἐθνῶν)

The word all is a generalization that emphasizes that their enemies will take the people away to many other countries. Alternate translation: [into many other countries]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἐθνῶν

˓the˒_pagans

Jesus is using the term nations to mean the places where various people groups live. Alternate translation: [countries]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν

Jesus speaks of the Gentiles walking all over the city of Jerusalem. This image could be: (1) of people walking around on land that they own or control. Alternate translation: [the Gentiles will occupy Jerusalem] (2) of walking over something to flatten it. Alternate translation: [the Gentiles will completely destroy Jerusalem]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [the Gentiles will occupy Jerusalem] or [the Gentiles will completely destroy Jerusalem]

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

(Occurrence 2) ἐθνῶν

˱of˲_˓the˒_pagans

Jesus assumes that his listeners will know that by the nations, he means in this instance the people groups who are not Jews. Alternate translation: [the Gentiles]

Note 12 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ ἐθνῶν

until ˱of˲_which ˓may_be˒_fulfilled (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαιρᾶς καί αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τά ἔθνη παντᾶ καί Ἰερουσαλήμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπό ἐθνῶν ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροί ἐθνῶν)