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OET interlinear GEN 1:2

← GEN 1:2 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וְ,הָ,אָרֶץ
    2. 13,14,15
    3. And the earth
    4. earth
    5. 776
    6. S-C,Td,Ncbsa
    7. and=the=earth
    8. S
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 9
    1. הָיְתָה
    2. 16
    3. it was
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    7. it_was
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 10
    1. תֹהוּ
    2. 17
    3. formlessness
    4. formless
    5. 8414
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. formlessness
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 11
    1. וָ,בֹהוּ
    2. 18,19
    3. and emptiness
    4. -
    5. 922
    6. O-C,Ncmsa
    7. and=emptiness
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 12
    1. וְ,חֹשֶׁךְ
    2. 20,21
    3. and darkness
    4. darkness
    5. 2822
    6. S-C,Ncmsa
    7. and=darkness
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 13
    1. עַל
    2. 22
    3. +was over
    4. -
    6. P-R
    7. [was]_over
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 14
    2. 23
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 15
    1. פְּנֵי
    2. 24
    3. the surface of
    4. -
    5. 6440
    6. P-Ncbpc
    7. the_surface_of
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 16
    1. תְהוֹם
    2. 25
    3. the deep
    4. -
    5. 8415
    6. P-Ncbsa
    7. the_deep
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 17
    1. וְ,רוּחַ
    2. 26,27
    3. and spirit
    4. spirit
    5. 7307
    6. S-C,Ncbsc
    7. and=spirit
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 18
    1. אֱלֹהִים
    2. 28
    3. god
    4. -
    5. 430
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. God
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 19
    1. מְרַחֶפֶת
    2. 29
    3. +was hovering
    4. hovering
    6. V-Vprfsa
    7. [was]_hovering
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 20
    1. עַל
    2. 30
    3. over
    4. -
    6. S-R
    7. over
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 21
    2. 31
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 22
    1. פְּנֵי
    2. 32
    3. the surface of
    4. -
    5. 6440
    6. S-Ncbpc
    7. the_surface_of
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 23
    1. הַ,מָּיִם
    2. 33,34
    3. the waters
    4. -
    5. 4325
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the=waters
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 24
    2. 35
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 25

OET (OET-LV) And_the_earth it_was formlessness and_emptiness and_darkness was_over the_surface_of the_deep and_spirit god was_hovering over the_surface_of the_waters.

OET (OET-RV) The earth was formless and empty and darkness covered the surface of the depth waters and God’s spirit was hovering over the surface of the waters.

None
uW Translation Notes:

וְ⁠הָ⁠אָ֗רֶץ

and=the=earth

The author pauses here to describe what the earth and the heavens were like after God first created them ([verse 1](../01/01.md)). Some languages use a conjunction like Now to introduce that information, while other languages do not use a conjunction here. Do what is natural in your language. Also, be consistent here with how you translated the earth in [verse 1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: [Now at first after that, the earth]

הָיְתָ֥ה תֹ֨הוּ֙ וָ⁠בֹ֔הוּ

she/it_was formlessness and=emptiness

It is not clear what the earth looked like at that time, but it did not have its present shape and order. The phrase was formless and empty could mean: (1) “did not have its present form, and there was nothing living on it yet” (2) “completely desolate,” which treats the text as a hendiadys. However, it is best to keep both terms separate in your translation (as they are in the Hebrew text).

וְ⁠חֹ֖שֶׁךְ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י תְה֑וֹם

(Some words not found in UHB: and=the=earth she/it_was formlessness and=emptiness and=darkness on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of (the)_deep and=spirit ʼElohīm hovering on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of the=waters )

Alternate translation: [It was completely dark, there was deep water everywhere] or [and everywhere there was deep water that was surrounded by total darkness]

וְ⁠ר֣וּחַ אֱלֹהִ֔ים מְרַחֶ֖פֶת

and=spirit ʼElohīm hovering

The clause and the Spirit of God was hovering could mean: (1) “and God’s Spirit was hovering” or (2) “and a wind from God was blowing”

עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַ⁠מָּֽיִם

on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in (Some words not found in UHB: and=the=earth she/it_was formlessness and=emptiness and=darkness on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of (the)_deep and=spirit ʼElohīm hovering on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in face/surface_of the=waters )

Throughout this chapter, the word waters is in the plural in the Hebrew text. For some languages it is more natural to use the singular “water.” Alternate translation: [over the surface of the water] or [above the waters]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And the earth
    2. earth
    3. 1987,1893,422
    5. 13,14,15
    6. S-C,Td,Ncbsa
    8. S
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 9
    1. it was
    2. -
    3. 1929
    5. 16
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 10
    1. formlessness
    2. formless
    3. 8393
    5. 17
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 11
    1. and emptiness
    2. -
    3. 1987,1254
    5. 18,19
    6. O-C,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 12
    1. and darkness
    2. darkness
    3. 1987,2711
    5. 20,21
    6. S-C,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 13
    1. +was over
    2. -
    3. 5837
    5. 22
    6. P-R
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 14
    1. the surface of
    2. -
    3. 6376
    5. 24
    6. P-Ncbpc
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 16
    1. the deep
    2. -
    3. 8163
    5. 25
    6. P-Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 17
    1. and spirit
    2. spirit
    3. 1987,7390
    5. 26,27
    6. S-C,Ncbsc
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 18
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 38
    5. 28
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 19
    1. +was hovering
    2. hovering
    3. 7279
    5. 29
    6. V-Vprfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 20
    1. over
    2. -
    3. 5837
    5. 30
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 21
    1. the surface of
    2. -
    3. 6376
    5. 32
    6. S-Ncbpc
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 23
    1. the waters
    2. -
    3. 1893,4433
    5. 33,34
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-4004; EGod_creates_all_things; TCreation_of_all_things
    10. 24

OET (OET-LV) And_the_earth it_was formlessness and_emptiness and_darkness was_over the_surface_of the_deep and_spirit god was_hovering over the_surface_of the_waters.

OET (OET-RV) The earth was formless and empty and darkness covered the surface of the depth waters and God’s spirit was hovering over the surface of the waters.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

← GEN 1:2 ↑ → ► ║ ©